Disease Argumentative Essays Samples For Students

Meet me at The Museum of Modern Art in New York (MoMA) is a monthly museum program for people with Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers (Chancellor et al., 2014). In this program, curators from the museum lead discussions about a handful of artworks from the museum’s collections. This encourages people with Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers to interact with each other and share their opinions with art experts about the artwork in the galleries. Rosenberg (2009) stated that the MoMA program improved the mood of people with Alzheimer’s disease during and after the visit, decreased social isolation ...

The term “Black Death” finds its origins in 1823 whilst referring to a disease characterized by “the black blotches caused by subcutaneous hemorrhages that appeared on the skin of victims.” Otherwise known as the bubonic plague, historians believe the Black Death found its way into Europe from China through trade routes. However, it is not until 1348 that the first signs of the infection appear in England’s society and by 1350; England’s records show a rapid decline in the number of its population. Consequently, between 1348 and 1350, much of medieval Europe saw a division in the elites of its ...

When people talk of euthanasia, many think of it as a crime or suicide. However, it may be easy for them as they have not faced an incurable illness. On the other hand, the persons who have experienced it claim that euthanasia is the best option available in such a case. The first reason for opting euthanasia is the suffering of the patient. Therefore in case of euthanasia, the suffering is less. Sometimes the patients have the opportunity to make a decision regarding euthanasia and in such cases, the family of such a person should respect the decision made by him or her. ...

The world at large is at the brink of the great public health disaster called Ebola. The current Ebola outbreak began in December 2013,with the first case detected in Guinea in March 2014. The world is seeing more and more cases of Ebola and despite new public health measures being adopted each day, the epidemic shows no signs of abating. rom the time of its first discovery near the Ebola river in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1976, the number of reported outbreaks of this disease has been increasing over the years. The 2014 outbreak is the ...

even if refusal to do so
puts one’s own kids at risk,
along with other people’s children. Do you agree?

Introduction

People get sick every single day from just about anything such as smallpox, chicken pox, measles, and flu. Some people feel that it is their given right to get vaccinated for said diseases so as to prevent them from resurfacing in the future, and sparing everyone else the horrible agony of going through the same exact thing they did. Children getting vaccinations are very important because they not only help people, but they help people ...

Introduction

Mental illness is classified as a medical condition whereby an individual’s feelings, thinking, moods, daily functioning and ability to interact with others are disrupted. The larger society classifies such patients as crazy since they seem to be detached from others. Like any other disease, mental illness is a medical condition whereby one cannot cope with the ordinary demands of life (Thompson, 11). The concept mental illness entails brain disorders like dementia and schizophrenia, personality disorders and other disorders like anxiety and depression to mention a few. It affects people across socio-economic, religious or educational backgrounds. For many decades, mental illness has ...

Introduction

Coffee has been a favorite morning companion for many adults throughout the years. This beverage is believed to be the motivating power people need whenever they feel they need to wake up and stay alert. However, despite the fact that coffee is an appealing trend and everyday habit for many millions across the globe, how health is it to drink coffee? Opinions definitely vary. Coffee has been both denounced as health destroying and medicinal over time. Coffee break was the outcome of an ad back in 1952 that was quickly promoted to a “daily ritual in workplaces, homes and churches” (American ...

It was originally thought that basal ganglia were responsible for voluntary motor movements, and movement disorders were associated with pathological changes in the basal ganglia. However, it was found that the basal ganglia are associated with different cortexes with distinctive circuits, which are called loops, so a pathological transformation of tissue can manifest as a psychological or motor disorder, depending on the loop affected. The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop is a one-way circuit that allows the basal ganglia to receive input from the cortex and send output via the thalamus back to different regions of the cortex. Pathological changes in this loop are ...

Zombies have long been thought of as creatures of myth and lore. The fear of death is common in most all cultures and zombies play right into that fear making them a source for legends, movies, and popular culture. Despite Hollywood style zombies we now think of, zombies actually have a rich history stemming from religions such as Voodoo. By looking at the origins of zombie legends one can better understand their cultural meaning. I propose that there is scientific evidence supporting that it is possible for zombies to exist, just not in the traditional Hollywood means. By looking at both ...

Moderate physical activity can definitely improve the quality of people’s lives, regardless of age and gender. Exercising can be a powerful ally in reducing the risks of developing health conditions like Type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease, among others. Apart from one’s physical well-being, regular exercise can also promote one’s mental health.
Habitual exercising is a highly sought-after goal for many people trying to adopt a healthy lifestyle, and it is believed that 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise every day for five days per week is an acceptable and effective way to ensure a healthy body (American College ...

Active euthanasia has become a popular topic of discussion in recent decades, especially in the late 1990’s when Dr. Jack Kevorkian was convicted of second-degree murder for assisting the suicides of several of his patients. When Kevorkian died in 2011, the topic became popular once again. Had Kevorkian been wrong in what he had done, or was he right to help end the lives of those who suffered. I argue that Kevorkian was right, and that active euthanasia in certain situations should be legalized.
“Active euthanasia is a type of euthanasia in which a person who is undergoing intense suffering, ...

Raw milk is milk that has not been homogenized. In nutrition healthy food proponents have shown the importance of consuming though the medical personnel have warned people on the dangers that accrue due to taking unpasteurized milk.
History the humans have been using the raw milk before the industrial revolution happened. The machine that could have been used in the conservation of milk products had not been invented. Large populations had congregated and migrated to urban areas during the industrial revolution, agricultural lifestyle was left behind (Getoff, 2007). The pasteurization process was invented in the United States of ...

Genetic technologies have ushered in brave new world where mankind is finally in control of development and the creation of life. The application of genetic engineering is ubiquitous in today’s world. From plants being made more resistant and more nutritious to genetic screening of disease, the field has established itself as a significant shift in the human paradigm. Applying genetic technologies to fetuses and the unborn promises to bring us to an age where humanity has vanquished debilitating illness, and future generations would be free of afflictions that take a terrific toll. Indeed prominent ethicists have even argued that there ...

Abstract

Unprotected sex among older adults is giving rise to more incidents of sexually transmitted disease in people between the ages of forty-five to seventy. There will always be a reaction to every action, and having sex without protection is the cause of this increase of sexually transmitted disease among older adults. Protecting oneself from sexually transmitted disease requires the practice of safe sex. Safe sex should be worn as an amour against STDs.

Increased Incidence of STD in Older Adults

More often than not the word sexually transmitted disease is associated with teenagers or young adults. Unfortunately, more and more this phrase is beginning to include older ...

Introduction

Vaccination is one of the most effective ways of being immune to certain diseases where a vaccine is already available (FLU.Gov, 2012). The truth is vaccination is still a sensitive case for non-medical professional people to handle and discuss about. However, the mechanism how these methods for developing immunity, which in this case is vaccination, works is relatively simple compared to other complex surgical procedures done in operating rooms by a medical surgeon. This paper will tell you the reasons why vaccination is not only recommended but a requirement for children.

Why Vaccination is a Necessity for Children

Vaccination is a necessity because it basically protects a child from diseases that could ...

When considering the problems of importing exotic animals from foreign countries, it is necessary to evaluate the laws that currently exist, and determine whether or not they provide an effective means of safeguarding the animals in question. In this essay, it will be argued that the laws that are in place at this time do not protect animals from mistreatment in an adequate manner, nor do they effectively prevent the occurrence of disease.

One of the biggest reasons for importing exotic animals into the country is for private ownership, which is an ethically dubious practice that places the welfare ...

Introduction

Drilling for oil is a hazardous job that can sometimes created massive environmental disaster. Because of the high marketable profit that oil offers safety laws are ignore at crucial times. Consequently, oil spills among other accidents happened destroying ecosystems, harming animal life and sometimes human loses. Oil spills not only harm animal life but can also destroy the economy of a given region and create physical and psychological problems for the residents of those areas. Deep Water Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is one among many spills that have become history because of its horrific effect on animal ...

The study of infectious diseases has always been crucial to mankind because of the devastating effects it has had on the human race. The influenza epidemic, for example, occurred repeatedly in the 20 th and 21st century, spreading across large regions and multiple continents. Influenza in 1918 killed an estimated 50 million people world wide. This was higher than the amount of people that died in World War I. About 500,000 fatalities occurred in the US which was approximately 28% of the US population at that time. The number of deaths that took place in 1957 and 1968 ...

Abstract

Alcohol abuse related problems contribute to numerous deaths in the United States. These involve heath and non-health related circumstances. This paper reviews alcohol related problems in a deeper perspective. It analyzes the psychological toils that prevail in an individual who abuses alcohol. Secondly, it analyzes the advanced stage of alcohol abuse which is alcohol addiction. The problems encountered by an alcoholic and the symptoms are listed to act as guidelines when analyzing an alcohol dependent individual. The psychological implications of excessive consumptions of alcohol are discussed and it is advised that if people must engage in drinking, they should only ...

[Class title]

Is it Ethical to Subject Alzheimer’s Disease Patients to Medical Experimentation?

Introduction
Treating Alzheimer’s disease has been one of the most challenging tasks of the medical and scientific community since its discovery by the German neuroanatomist and psychiatrist, Alois Alzheimer in 1906 (Hippius & Neundörfer). The disease is characterized by the gradual decline of mental functions “resulting in loss of memory, thinking and language skills, and behavioral changes”. Despite the advancement in medical technology, Alzheimer’s remains as an incurable disease that afflicts both old and young. Although there are already approved drugs for the treatments for Alzheimer’s disease, it is understood that these drugs does ...

Management of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Argumentative essay
Management of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic conditions, affecting about 7% of the Australian population (Lamoureux et al., 2012). Many of the lifestyle habits and choices of people today – obesity, sedentary lifestyle, cigarette smoking, and hyperlipidemia, and low-fiber diet – are modifiable risk factors for diabetes (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2013). Environmental and social determinants for diabetes include family history, ethnic background, highly stressful lifestyle, low socio-economic conditions, adverse childhood experiences, and malnutrition in early childhood (Raphael et al., 2010).
The management of diabetes includes, apart ...

For a long time now, there has been a raging debate as to whether the sale and use of tobacco needs to be banned. In fact, some debaters have placed tobacco in the same category as high narcotics, the likes of marijuana. The scientific world has conducted various research activities aimed at studying the vast effects of smoking. Findings from these tests have found that indeed tobacco has adverse effects on both the users and the society at large. According to research, the use of tobacco remains the biggest preventable cause of mortality and disease in America. For this ...

In recent years the notion of “eating disorder” has gained a lot of attention and is widely discussed by nutritionists, psychologists as well as ordinary people. According to the National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA), “eating disorders include extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors surrounding weight and food issues. Eating disorders are serious emotional and physical problems that can have life-threatening consequences for females and males”. Each of us may notice that sometimes we eat more, sometimes less, however we rarely think of our eating behavior as a reason for concern. Nevertheless, the scientists have made a profound impact to this field of study ...

Introduction

The definition of physician assisted suicide is slightly different from the general term definition of euthanasia. Although some may equate physician assisted suicide with the blanket term, the distinction between euthanasia and physician assisted suicide is that the latter is done with both the patient’s and doctor’s intent to end the patient’s life by unnatural means (Tamayo-Vela´zquez, Simo´n-Lorda, and Cruz-Piqueras, 678). The doctor assists the patient in committing suicide, usually by administering an injection or pill that contains a lethal substance. A doctor may also administer a relaxant to help keep the patient calm during the ...

Obesity

We have all heard about the growing epidemic of obesity from our parents, teachers, and even our government. According to a recent study, about a quarter of two to five year olds and one-third of children are overweight or obese in the U.S. (Ogden et al., 2014). There is a wide array of factors which play a role in children becoming overweight or obese. Genetics, along with behavioral, social, cultural, environmental influences, can create an environment conducive for obesity. Environmental factors include great amount of exposure to advertising that encourages food consumption and promotes unhealthy foods, technological advances or increase in media use, ...

Holistic medicine can be defined as a medicine practice which focuses on the treatment of the well being of the whole body, spirit and mind other than treating just one type of disease system as Western medicine approach does. The western approach is mainly concerned with the symptoms of an illness and not its causes as illness is usually addressed when it has already turn into a fact (Mullins 1). Western medicine therefore differs from holistic medicine approach in terms of treatment options, diagnostic techniques as well as philosophy.
A holistic health care practitioner usually sees her/his responsibility as that ...

Abstract

Discussion of the issues caused in Portugal by Phytophthora Ramorum, a pathogen affecting the local Cortilha, or Cork Tree, population. This problem has had a large impact on the personal lives of farmers in Portugal, as the trees and their growth and cultivation are deeply important to their culture. This disease affects the Cork Trees of Portugal through a rotting of their roots, and can begin causing issues from the time the trees are in their seedling stages. In order to protect against the fungus, farmers have begun to take various preventative measures, including the testing of the soil, the treating of ...

The legalization of marijuana was only brought to effect after the drug had been tested to prove it had positive effects on a user’s health. There has been much debate about the drug’s effects on the brain, psychological health of a person and the benefits of marijuana in treating illnesses. Many people use marijuana mainly for recreational purposes. However at times, they are in pain or are suffering from an illness because of which they take the drug in order to alleviate some pain. But if the drug helps them then it is beneficial for their health, ...

Culture plays a big role in health, diseases, and healing as well as medical anthropology. Some diseases result from the cultures we adopt, our own cultures as well as our life choices. These cultures and choices may cause the rise of a disease, the healing of a disease or the maintenance of good health. One disease that arises from our life choices is hypertension which involves having a high blood pressure. This paper will aim to compare the different cultures, the choices they make in regard to health care as well as the diseases that arise from lifestyle or ...

Introduction

We all may meet the risk of mental illness – it can be seen as God's punishment or bad genetics. Today there are many different social programs that are involved in supporting the mentally ill, even whole programs at the university are designed to train professionals who will be able to work with such people. Of course, the mentally ill should be treated as equal persons. There are three reasons to appoint a legal guardian. He can serve as personal assistant, when a person cannot make his or her own decisions. In addition there are different types of guardianship, which can be ...

The morning cup of coffee and all its varieties, is under a constant scrutiny for its impacts on health and cognition of consumers. Various studies have tried to showcase the effects of caffeine on the functioning of human body; in the present essay we will discuss some of the health benefits of coffee based on existing scientific research. Coffee is derived from the dried, roasted, and crushed seeds of the coffee plant. Coffee beans are rich in caffeine, antioxidants and various other phytochemicals. Studies show that the phytochemicals derived from coffee play a significant role in lowering neurodegenerative disease risk(Mikuls ...

Industrial Food makes many Diseases

As the world seeks to achieve food security, food production has been enhanced and technological methods are now used to develop methods of production, or serve as factors of production. This has led to several terms that are in common use today about food production. There has been regular debate on the viability and safety of naturally adjusted foods and organisms. This has further led to search of the food production processes and entirely the industrial processes that are involved in production of food; right from the raw sources to the finished product meant for consumption (Deiner, 2012). This ...

For many years, different tests have been performed on humans or using humans as test subjects. Human testing provides better results as compared to carrying out tests with animals. Humans and animals are by no means exactly identical: There is also the argument that a drug’s reaction in a human’s body is to a certain extent different from the reaction in an animal. The main criticism at this point is that certain people believe that animal testing is not reliable. Following on that criticism is the idea that when conducting tests, since animals are in a strange surroundings, the animals will ...

- Introduction
Euthanasia, sometimes called assisted suicide, is the practice of allowing an individual suffering from a significant, terminal illness or injury to end their life before the injury or illness takes them. The idea of euthanasia is to allow the individual freedom from pain and suffering; proponents of the practice suggest that euthanasia allows people to avoid the pain and humiliation that can come from long-term palliative care.
Euthanasia is a process through which medical personnel or families help the patient to end his or her life. There are certain situations that are not considered euthanasia-- such as “ ...

Abstract

Alcoholism is a chronic disease that has the ability to impact every aspect of an individual’s life, as well as the lives of those around the alcoholic. The effects are far reaching, from the immediate family, to the co-workers and various medical personnel who are responsible for providing treatment for the myriad of physical and psychological ailments that are associated with alcoholism. While the disease is 100 percent preventable through abstinence, the negative health implications appear to be insufficient in preventing individuals from consuming alcohol. The following paper will outline three areas impacted by the effects of alcoholism, with ...

Ontario’s HPV Vaccination Program

In this paper, I present arguments that are supportive of the ethical inappropriateness of the Ontario government’s HPV vaccination initiative. I also aim at revealing the ineffectiveness of the program as a public health strategy constructed to combat cervical cancer. In addition, I will use the utilitarian approach to support my views.

The Ontario HPV Program Overview

In September 2007, the Ontario Liberal Government began a Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination intervention for female eighth-graders (Thompson, 2013; CIHR- IPPH, 2012). The federal government made an allocation of $ 300 million towards the intervention. Gardasil, the HPV vaccine, targets four subtypes of the virus. These ...

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[Professor]
Active Euthanasia is a medical intervention opted by the relatives of the patient in terminating his (the patient’s) life due to the severe health condition. However, it happens in rare cases and there is proper legislation to do so. However, it is not an ethical way of terminating someone’s life as it imposes impact on the family of the patient that are everlasting. The paper presents the most practical argument against active euthanasia, and then analyzes the counter argument against that argument by presenting a reply to it.
Active Euthanasia is not a viable option, ...

Abstract

Caffeine is a widely-used drug that modifies the psychological condition of the consumers. At high doses, it causes various caffeine-related symptoms such as agitation, as well as the restless legs syndrome. Since caffeine is a habit forming drug, it allows the development of tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. It also alters sleep patterns in accordance with the consumed daily caffeine dose. Although its arousal of the central nervous system can induce pleasant effects at relatively lower doses, caffeine can impair concentration and attention at increased doses. The present study, therefore, examines the various adverse effects of consuming caffeine at high doses. The ...

In the final discussion on the use of animalization in the literary classics will be on “Madness and Civilization” written by Michael Foucault. The piece is another poignant example, along with “Diary of a Madmen” and “The Metamorphosis,” of how writers have used the historical comparison of animalization in regard to mentally troubled individuals. I will compare and contrast how Foucault uses the concept of animalization in his writing compared to the writer of the other two stories. Foucault’s story differs greatly from the previous authors, as it takes the reader on a type of journey through the changes in ...

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Life has to get to an end. Every person has to taste the death. However, the type of death depends on the person's fate. Some people face death without going through any consequences while some has to undergo severe physical or emotional pain before death. Death can be natural or forced the death, which happen unnaturally is due to a suicide attempt. People commit suicide when they no longer to live, or they have lost the will to live because of various factors. The problems ...

Argumentative Essay

Introduction:
The frightening statistics of childhood obesity seem to have made shock waves all over the world as one discovers that about twenty five per cent of the childhood population in certain select populations of the world is suffering from childhood obesity. The trends in this malaise were visible first of all in America where the disease has had several victims in the adolescent and middle age groups. The idea of having fat children was at the outset very attractive when one loved picking up chubby rosy cheeked cherubs but gradually with the obesity factor surpassing the cuteness ...

Despite the healthy benefits of inoculating children, parents still ask, “Is this right for my baby?” Since the heightened rate of autism among children, many parents have wondered if vaccines are to blame. Out of fear or the thought of saving their children, parents skip vaccines that protect children from harmful diseases such as tuberculosis, measles, mumps, and several others. Other parents simply believe that vaccines are unnatural and that if the child eats clean and lives healthy their body will naturally resist these diseases. This is all, of course, preposterous. Scientifically speaking, no amount of clean eating can ...

(City, State)
In Australia, various factors have been identified as determinants of health status in any given population. These factors include class, gender, ethnicity or whether one is indigenous or non-indigenous. Understanding the effect of these determinants on health and their interaction poses a great challenge. Gender and ethnicity are some of the complex traits and are very useful since they include social dimension that are necessary in the understanding their impact on health. This paper is aimed at showing how class, gender, indigeneity or ethnicity impact on the health status of people living in Australia.
In terms ...

Psychological disorder is a disorganization of the central nervous system work. A personality disorder is sustained template of standing and conduct that differs from templates that are regarded as normal by a human’s culture. Symptoms of any personality disorder stay the same in various situations and become apparent by early matureness. These symptoms induce anguish or make it hard for a person to act normally in public. (Claridge, 60) The aim of this paper is to research the paranoid personality disorder, its symptoms, environmental and biological causes and possible treatment methods, and finds out the prognosis and prospects ...

While in their declining years, elderly people are naturally prone to chronic diseases capable of making their life difficult to live. Chronic illnesses often make their presence known through unbearable symptoms like pain or depression. This is where palliative care proves useful. Applying palliative care early on can help patients cope with symptoms, regain the quality of life and stable functioning. The approach covers a wide range of illnesses ranging from respiratory diseases to multiple sclerosis. Psychiatrists, massage therapists, and nutritionists are among a few specialist categories involved in treatment. Even chaplains can help patients, whenever necessary, addressing the problems of ...

Discursively framed as “living death,” solitary confinement is considered to be the worst punishment for criminal offenders, as medical experts have noted that such an isolating experiences causes derangement of personhood on a grand scale. Indeed, one’s sense of concrete and tangible personhood depends on embodied relations to other human beings within the matrices of a shared universe in which meaningful experiences through relationships I s of paramount importance. As s result, solitary confinement has time and again been scrutinized in the western world because it is a practice that, human rights activists and lawyers argue, that is abusive in intangible ...

The problem of obesity in America is a grave one. The number of Americans who are suffering from obesity is on the rise. Obesity is defined by the Center for Disease Control as someone who has a body mass index of 30% or higher. The health problems associated with obesity are putting a strain on the health care profession. Societal concerns about obesity are also shaping people’s behavior towards obesity. Public policy has been changed and reshaped in reaction to those who are severely overweight. Are there solutions to this problem? Can the problem of obesity be eliminated?
According to ...

According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, in 2010-2012, from the total of about seven billion people living on Earth, there are approximately 870 million people that suffer from hunger (FAO). That means that one in eight people are undernourished, which is a worrying and sad fact at the same time. One in three children in developing countries, suffer from poor nutrition, representing about 33 percent of the overall population of developing countries (de Onis et.al).
The vast majority of those undernourished live in developing countries; in other words, a fourth of the population in developing countries is ...

Introduction

Arguably, the best option for feeding the burgeoning global population remains genetically modified (GM) food because of their pest resistant, disease resistant, and cold tolerant plant characteristics providing a proactive means for feeding the six billion and growing numbers of people worldwide. Pragmatically, taking this view on the argument according to Bharathan, Chandrashekaran, May, and Bryant (2002) who explain, "Projections for population growth and food production suggest that food production has to increase at an average of 1.5% per year to postpone a major food crisis until after 2030" add to the critical issue of assuaging world hunger. Developing countries thus, ...

Introduction

The rate at which young people engage in sexually risky behavior has increased at an alarming rate over the years. This prevalence observed among teenagers in middle school, and high school levels has continued to rise despite the health dangers associated with the practice. At this age, most individuals lack comprehensive information on sexual intercourse and its risks. They engage in reckless sexual encounters which increase the chances of contracting sexually transmitted diseases, the HIV virus or getting pregnant (Moles, 85). Most of them only realize this when it is late, and the damage has occurred. This paper analyzes ...

Introduction

Smoking is a habit of burning tobacco and inhaling the smoke. This habit is common in the United States of America. This is especially because smoking tobacco is legal in America. An estimated 45.3 million people in America smoke cigarettes. This translates to 19.3% of all adults in the country. The habit is more common to men as compared to women. 21.5% of smokers in America are men while women smokers constitute 17.3%. Statistics show that smoking is the leading cause of preventable deaths. Smoking accounts for 443000 deaths each year. At least 1 out of 5 deaths in America ...

Introduction

Vegetarianism is the practice of consuming plant-based diets such as fruits, vegetables, without or with the inclusion of eggs or dairy products, and with the ruling out of meat including poultry, seafood and red meat. At the same time, abstaining from animal slaughter by-products, such as animal-derived gelatin and rennet, may as well be put into practice but vegetarianism may be implemented for diverse reasons. Numerous American skeptics refrain from eating meat out of reverence for better healthy life but such moral enthusiasm has been codified under a variety of religious viewpoints, together with the perception of animal rights. But ...

Abstract

This paper examines the arguments for and against the sue of animals in experiments. It offers a brief examination of the historical development of the opposition to using animals; it considers the question form the practical and the ethical standpoint; it examines some of the evidence which shows the inefficiency and unreliability of animal use; and it also shows the way ethical standpoints have changed in the 21st century.

Key words: the three Rs; in vitro testing ; principle of equality; human volunteers; computer simulations.

All over the world in research laboratories, animals are made use of to test new medicines ...

Paper 2

Ontario’s HPV Vaccination Program
In this paper, I present arguments that are supportive of the ethical inappropriateness of the Ontario government’s HPV vaccination initiative. I also aim at revealing the ineffectiveness of the program as a public health strategy constructed to combat cervical cancer. The program is ineffective in combating cervical cancer because the interventions arising from the screening program poses risks on women and especially the ones of childbearing age. In addition, I will use the utilitarian approach to support my views.
In September 2007, the Ontario Liberal Government began a Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination ...

Introduction

Just prior to the July 26th Movement or Revolution in 1959 by forces under Fidel Castro. Since 1965, the country has been governed by the Communist Party of Cuba. Culturally, the country is part of Latin America. The country has several cultural influences, namely, the ancient aboriginal culture of the indigenous Taino and Ciboney, Spanish influences as the country was colonized by Spain, the inflows of African American slaves and a close relationship with the Soviets during the Cold War era (Skidmore and Smith, 2005). At present, the country is one of the few remaining socialist nations in the ...

Abstract

Even though most Western people rely on dairy products for a healthy diet every day, many recent studies have challenged the long-established belief that milk is safe for human consumption. On the contrary, new research articles have shown that dairy products are unhealthy, being specifically destined to feed the offspring from the same species. The fact that humans continue to consume milk long after weaning exposes them to health problems on the long term. The hormones found in milk may cause several forms of cancer, while the high fat content may be partially responsible for the development of heart ...

A young teenage girl lies on a bed at a hospital. She looks so frail and sick, with all kinds of tubes attached to her body from several machines beeping around her. She has been in a coma for two years already, from the time she was brought to the hospital after a fatal car accident. The doctor said there is no chance that she will wake up again, and so her family walks in everyday, stares at her with tears on their eyes, then goes home at night. At her age, she should be going out friends, watching ...

There have been numerous advancements throughout the twenty-first century in fitness techniques and body training. Athletes are lifting more, running faster, jumping higher, and performing better than ever. The classification of obesity as a disease by the American Medical Association makes the problem of obesity in America as serious as diabetes or cancer. Due to this, there has been a surge in the amount of exercise that people are getting, to the point that many people exercise every day of the week. However, too much of a good thing often leads to a bad thing, and such is the case with exercise. While ...

This paper argues about the shutdown of SeaWorld; SeaWorld is a mammal theme park, located in the United States. Sea World is a theme park dedicated to the underwater world. Unlike other parks, Sea World is not divided into zones. Here each attraction has its own name and theme. SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment maintains one of the largest collections of marine animals in the United States. It provides care to as many as 67,000 animals including marine and terrestrial. In the wild, marine animals live in large social groups and swim up to 100 miles a day. However, at SeaWorld, Orcas ...

Many people believe that we now live in a world where we can make decisions – women are allowed to choose if and when they want to get pregnant so they take pills to ensure they have their choice. However just like with birth control, there is a lot of debate on euthanasia. Many people are of the opinion that euthanasia should not be allowed. Euthanasia is the process of allowing someone dies willingly and has being mercy killing by many. Unfortunately it is the killing that gets many people riled up as they are of the opinion that lives should not ...