Genetics Argumentative Essays Samples For Students

Increasingly, consumers are becoming keen on information regarding the production of foods in making their buying decisions. This explains why international standards organizations, state and federal governments face a dilemma when labeling biotechnology products such as GMOs. According to Caswell (1), labeling is an adequate for process attributes that concern customers and may want or avoid. However, regulators are hesitant to label such attributes since they are of the opinion that labeling might be taken to indicate final consumer-level safety. While states are considering laws requiring the labeling of GMOs, food and biotechnology companies are waging a spirited battle against requirements ...

Surprisingly, seventy percent of the food that is available on the shelves of a grocery store is genetically modified. Not only this food saturate human diet but it also endangers human health. Other than shelf items, Genetically Modified Foods also include grains such as corn, rice, and wheat, legumes such as soybeans and other products of soy while soft drinks, vegetable oils, vegetable, fruits, dairy products, animal products, meat, pork, chicken, infant formula plus, etc. (Miller and Spoolman 56). It should be noted that there is a large amount of hidden additives and harmful ingredients in such processed food. Sadly, consumers ...

The Definition of Genetically Modified Food (GMF)

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are organisms that through the introduction of foreign genes genetic code given new properties.
GMOs are divided into the following types:
- Genetically modified organisms;
- Genetically modified animals;
- Genetically modified plants.
Each animal and plant has thousands of different characters. For each feature meets certain gene, which is a small segment of the molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). If you remove the gene responsible for the appearance of any sign, the sign itself and disappear, and if we introduce a new gene, the animal or plant there a new quality.
...

Industrial Food makes many Diseases

As the world seeks to achieve food security, food production has been enhanced and technological methods are now used to develop methods of production, or serve as factors of production. This has led to several terms that are in common use today about food production. There has been regular debate on the viability and safety of naturally adjusted foods and organisms. This has further led to search of the food production processes and entirely the industrial processes that are involved in production of food; right from the raw sources to the finished product meant for consumption (Deiner, 2012). This ...

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) are defined as organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been transformed by use genetic engineering production methods. The organisms whose genetic material has been altered can be either plants or animals. It is from the Genetically Modified Organisms that genetically modified (GM) foods are made from through genetic modification of crops. Today, genetic modification has gained lot of development in almost every food production. Genetically modified foods whether as raw crops or manufactured products are perceived to increase food security in underdeveloped countries. However, the question that is eminent is whether genetically modified foods are a ...

According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, in 2010-2012, from the total of about seven billion people living on Earth, there are approximately 870 million people that suffer from hunger (FAO). That means that one in eight people are undernourished, which is a worrying and sad fact at the same time. One in three children in developing countries, suffer from poor nutrition, representing about 33 percent of the overall population of developing countries (de Onis et.al).
The vast majority of those undernourished live in developing countries; in other words, a fourth of the population in developing countries is ...

Introduction

When a child is unable to express himself, his emotions, what he thinks, feels or wants and reacts differently from other children, perhaps he is suffering from a neurodevelopment disorder that is commonly known as autism. This paper intends to discuss autism, its causes, symptoms, and about its treatment along with discussing several other related aspects of the subject.

Background

Autism is a bunch of complex brain disorders that are jointly known as Autism Spectrum Disorder. This Spectrum refers to broad range of issues associated with ASD including difficulties related to communication, normal brain functioning, social mutilation, restricted, dull and stereotyped conduct of a ...

Introduction

Genetically Modified Organisms is referred for plants that are manufactured through linking and altering genes. DNA of separate species are altered and amalgamated into laboratory in order to create new organisms through Biotechnological procedures. Eating such products is safe or not is a widely debated issue across the world. a number of people consider these products are not safe and they should be avoided because they are not only a threat to the human health but also are dangerous for animals, soil and environment. This paper intends to discuss genetically modified organisms and further delves deep into to find out whether these ...

Op-Ed

Testing minor children for breast cancer risk needs to be a public policy for all children who have risk characteristics. We need to take advantage of all opportunities to help a child lead the healthiest life possible. It is our duty as members of society. It does take a village to raise a child after all. A village includes families and the medical community. Public policy can be developed and initiated to make sure children from age 16 to 25 have an opportunity to test for BRCA1/BRCA2.
All cancers begin due to genetic mutations. Mutations are changes in DNA cells. Some changes ...

Introduction

Arguably, the best option for feeding the burgeoning global population remains genetically modified (GM) food because of their pest resistant, disease resistant, and cold tolerant plant characteristics providing a proactive means for feeding the six billion and growing numbers of people worldwide. Pragmatically, taking this view on the argument according to Bharathan, Chandrashekaran, May, and Bryant (2002) who explain, "Projections for population growth and food production suggest that food production has to increase at an average of 1.5% per year to postpone a major food crisis until after 2030" add to the critical issue of assuaging world hunger. Developing countries thus, ...

Food containing genetically modified organisms or GMOs should be banned in the US. The reason for this is because GMOs pose a great risk to people consuming such products. GMOs are products of biotechnology which makes use of bacteria or viruses to penetrate the cells of plants and introduce genes that would make the plant more resistant to environmental conditions such as drought and insects. The injected toxins are said to be potent only to insects and pests but are safe for human. However, there is a growing doubt about the safety of GMOs. Examples of genetically modified products are seeds ...

Genetically engineered food is produced from plants, animals and/ or microbes that have had their genetic code modified by the selective introduction of specific DNA segment through the use of gene spicing. Through this process, the organism acquires desirable traits such as pest protection, improved nutrition and herbicide resistance. The genetically modified organisms, plants in particular, are modified to increase yield therefore allowing farmers to produce more with fewer chemicals (Atreya, p. 94). As a result, this leads to a cleaner environment and cheaper food stuff for the people. However, the main debatable question on this topic is, how safe are ...

The history of Performance Enhancing Drugs (PED) dates back to time immemorial. As most things evolve over time, so does PEDs, which tends to become more effective and relatively dangerous in equal measures. Performance enhancing drugs can be termed to being any type of substance that is taken to enable an individual to perform better athletically. The major reason why performance enhancing drugs have gained popularity over time is because the world of professional sports has become very competitive thus compelling some sportspersons to indulge in some activities that would make them have an unfair advantage over their competitors. ...

Genetically engineered organisms especially genetically modified plants and products derived from them have received debate of acceptance or rejection all over the world. The overall reaction is miscellaneous everywhere for the research, growth, production and use of GMOs. The problem lies in the fact that Genetically Modified plants are less understood. (Goyal & Gurtoo). Following is a discussion of why Genetically Modified Plants are beneficial to mankind.
The plant species that undergo genetic engineering have genes from other related or even unrelated species, sometimes with and sometimes without the omission of original genes, through methods of genetic engineering methods. This ...

This central question emanated during a case that involved Association of Molecular Pathology versus Myriad Genetics. These lawsuits, organized by American Civil Liberties Union representing several other professional organizations were opposed to human gene patents (ACLU, 2013). Patent law sounds arcane but in this case, it affects huge investments in terms of billions of dollars channelled to research. The plaintiffs wanted to invalidate human gene patents based on a number of reasons. They believed that these patents impeded valuable research.
The Association for Molecular Biology argued that approximately 20 per cent of human genome is patented and due to this ...

The debate of nature versus nurture is concerned with the relative importance of the innate qualities (nativism) that are possessed by an individual against personal experience (behaviorism) in the determination of differences that are witnesses in a person both in physical as well as in behavioral traits (Cherry). The use of the phrase "Nature versus nurture" was started by Francis Galton in the discussion how hereditary and environment influence social advancement. However, the debate is dated back in the days of Plato who lived between 428 and 348 B.C.E and who had a belief that intelligence capability and morality traits are ...

Being a parent is one of the main, most important and the most complex responsibility of an adult. We live in the 21st century, in the world of technological and informational progress, the level of medicine industry has been growing steadily with the development of computer and nanotechnologies. The most important goals of parenting are to grow up a healthy and independent child, benefiting oneself and society and realize their potential to satisfy its physical needs and create the best possible conditions for the spiritual and social development of the child. With the modern science, it is possible to find out a ...

Genetic technologies have ushered in brave new world where mankind is finally in control of development and the creation of life. The application of genetic engineering is ubiquitous in today’s world. From plants being made more resistant and more nutritious to genetic screening of disease, the field has established itself as a significant shift in the human paradigm. Applying genetic technologies to fetuses and the unborn promises to bring us to an age where humanity has vanquished debilitating illness, and future generations would be free of afflictions that take a terrific toll. Indeed prominent ethicists have even argued that there ...

There has been debate in the United States of America as to whether to label Genetically Modified (GM) foods or not. The proponents of the debate argue that the genetically produced food has negative impact on the human health making it a gradual killer of human beings. The opponents of labeling of the GM foods like the biotechnology, industry says that the GM foods decrease crop diseases increasing food production hence global food security. The proponents of labeling GM foods further point out on the importance to have consumers exercise their right of choice. The opponents of the labeling further ...

Scientists in the world are quickly deciphering the genetic coding of life, making mysteries on the biological evolution of human beings dating to millions of years being unlocked. The immense advances in the biotech industry has made Global life science companies ready to exploit the economic benefits that will be enjoyed in this century which is presumed to be a Biotech century. Arguably, the new commercial genetics industry will have the biggest impact in this century than any other field of study. In fact, in less than 10 years, global life science companies will be holding patents on the more ...

Introduction

Advances in medical technology mean that pregnant women can choose to have tests during pregnancy to predict whether the fetus has characteristics that suggest abnormalities. Although birth defects are rare, the most common of those that do occur are the chromosome disorders Trimosies 13, 18, and 21, commonly known as Patau Syndrome, Edward Syndrome and Down Syndrome respectively (SOFT – Support Organization for Trisomy 18, 13 and related disorders) (n.d.). Statistically, the occurrence of any of those syndromes is as follows:
- Patau Syndrome (Trimosy 13): 1 in 10,000 live births; (SOFT – Support Organization for Trisomy 18, ...

The use of genetically modified foods has been a controversial topic for many years. There are several potential benefits to their utilization, but some negative aspects as well. The negative aspects have been discussed earlier in this paper. There are potential human health and environmental costs to utilizing genetically modified (GM) crops. Benefits, however, may outweigh the risks. The use of genetically modified crops has provided food security, especially to developing nations. GM crops have also made food production more cost effective by reducing the amount of crop loss due to pests and weeds.

Cost Effectiveness

The use of GM crops has ...

When Genetically Modified (GM) foods were first introduced they gave the public the impression that the world was about to be saved from famine. Those genetically altered crops were trumpeted by vested interest groups as not only producing much higher yields but also to eradicate poverty and hunger in many parts of the world. Numerous exaggerated claims were made by multinational corporations regarding properties of the GM crops, such as their resistance to pests, disease and drought conditions, and their ability to adapt to harsh climatic conditions in countries across the planet.
The science of genetically modifying technology ...

People continually make decisions and judgments in everything they do. The only way they can make the right decision and judgment is only if they know the truth and possess the right knowledge. Any business that sells goods or services to any individual must provide adequate and truthful information about their products. Manufacturers and marketers of products with GMO (genetically modified organism) are not exempted from providing such information. On the contrary, they should be required to do because GMOs is a fairly new science and technology that could affect the health and well-being of consumers. As companies involved in ...

I have never thought in my life having a cloned animal. In this case, walking in the city streets with a cloned pet, yet the natural pet is at home. Technology is taking the world at a tremendous pace, whereby people are left wondering what exactly is going on. Cloning is one form of genetic engineering, whereby an organism of an exact copy of the other is created. The issue of animal cloning has led to unending debates. For example, when dolly the sheep was created in the year 1997, and died in 2003, led to tremendous questions on the ethical and ...

The natural reproductive process involves the fusion of genetic materials from one female and one male parent through sexual contact. The offspring produced bears the combined genetic materials of his/her parents, which is unique on its own. Now, with the advent of technology, an individual may now be produced from a single parent without the need for sexual contact. Cloning is the process or technique used to create an organism that is 100% genetically identical to its parent. The pioneering era of cloning was started in 1952 by biologists Robert Briggs and Thomas King, wherein they attempted to “clone” a frog ...

Genetically Modified Food: Good or Bad

Introduction

Recent technological advancements have led to many changes not only to people’s lifestyles but also to commodities. Of major concern in the field of agriculture is the development of Genetically Modified (GM) products/organisms. Biotechnologists remove a desired gene from an organism and transfer it to a different organism. This involves the extraction of a section of DNA from an organism and splicing it into the pre-existing DNA of the recipient organism (Rich, 2004, p. 891). Historians argue that the first commercial production of GM products occurred in the late 1990s in the United States. Research has shown that genetically modified ...

Dear Pat,

I wanted to talk to you some more about how important biodiversity is in our lives. For example, with more genetic and population interactions we have more stable ecosystems. When we have monocultures like in farming districts the ecosystems are not stable and they are more susceptible to diseases. Biodiversity ensures a cleaner natural environment and natural barriers to floods and droughts. Animals and plant species need to interact to survive like the honey bee needs pollen from flowers to make honey. Biodiversity also protects the planet from absorbing too much heat from the sun like in tropical ...

The use of genetically modified organism is not a current innovation but rather an older phenomenon that dates back to 1800 BC when yeast was applied to make bread and ferment bread. Therefore there should be no cause of alarm as to the effect of GM. At that time that is about 1860s, people bred plant using cross pollination. In nutshell the term genetically modification can be defined as the use of recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) technology to the genetic alteration of any microorganisms be it plants or animals.
The use of GMO will help in solving world wide ...

The proverb says, “The first wealth is health”, which means that there is nothing more important than health. Everyone wants to be healthy, because it means feeling well, having energy to do work, to perform our everyday tasks, to participate in our favourite free-time activities, and being in good physical shape to enjoy the world around us. If our body suffers from any disorder our mind suffers with body, too. We can’t be good either at work or at studies. Aches and pains lead to irritation, nervous breakdown and serious depression. But what does our health depend on? ...

Abstract

There is a growing trend of genetically modified foods, which has seen their entry in the market. Consumers are faced with the task of deciding whether to buy these foods or not. Taking into account their effects, some informed consumers use these foods while others decide to do away with them. On the other hand, uninformed consumers end up consuming these foods without knowledge on their effects. There are two opposing views regarding genetically modified food. Those in favor argue that they should be allowed in the market and the decisions to consume or not to be left with consumers. ...

Genetically modified plants have always been a debatable topic surrounded by many controversies. Different research workers have put forward different hypotheses regarding them. Some stand for them, while many are against. The genetically modified crops might have proved to be a boon for many, but at the same time they have brought about much worse effects to the environment.
The genetically modified crops are known to harm the natural flora and bring about adverse effects on agriculture too. The changes that are brought about at the genetic level of the plants bring in some changes in their natural character ...

Crops are genetically modified for certain desired outcomes such as high yield, pest resistance, drought tolerance, herbicide resistance, for a better nutritional quality, etc. The genes that impart the desired characteristics do not naturally occur in the crop, and are not expressed by natural recombination (World Health Organization [WHO]). They are engineered in the laboratory, and may be obtained from unrelated species too. Genetically modified (GM) crops are thus subjected to much speculation despite the fact that they have several benefits.
1. Pros of GM Crops
Bioengineered crops with pest tolerance, reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, and crops engineered ...

Introduction

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are arguably beneficial socioeconomically. However, there are rising concerns over the harm GMOs pose to the humans and their environment. The process of genetic modification entails altering the genetic composition of organisms to award them properties that are more desirable. According to Rifkin (17), the world is in transition toward a biotech age as illustrated by the advancement of GMOs. In the current society, the adoption of genetically engineered crops, such as soybeans, cotton, and corn, is widespread in the United States following two decades of concerns over consumer reception, and environmental and economic impact ( ...

Eugenics is a teaching that calls people to struggle with the phenomena of degeneration of the gene pool of humanity with the help of selection with regard to people. The very first concepts about eugenics were introduced to the public in 1865's article "Heredity Talent and Character" by Francis Galton, an English psychologist, where he suggested investigating the phenomena that could improve mental abilities, physical health and talent of subsequent generations. The very term eugenics was introduced later in 1883, and Galton himself described it as a science that analyzed the factors that could improve the inherent qualities of ...

Define dilemma. Why is it a dilemma?

Genetically modified foods are the foods, genetic material of which has been artificially manipulated under the laboratory conditions through the process of genetic engineering (Rabesandratana, 2014). There is a growing evidence that connects genetically modified foods with environmental damage, health issues and violation of farmers’ rights and consumers’ rights. Countries like Japan, Australia and European Union have banned the production and selling of GM foods (Ho and Sirinathsinghji, 2013).

Two Extreme Viewpoints

The two extreme points about this dilemma reveal that on one hand genetically modified foods offer greater resistance to pests and viruses, have longer shelf life and possess better nutritional ...

Modifications in the plants at their genetic levels have brought about a new array of discoveries in the world of biotechnology. With its initial inception, it had been a topic of interest for the entire science fraternity across the world. The beginning of the era of Modified plants began with an uproar in its positive points. The world went crazy over the benefits of these plants. But with time, and with improvisation of our knowledge in the field of science and technology, the science fraternity has discovered certain facts about modified plants which indicate that these plants are not ...

Introduction

In our case of Mrs. Brown, she is inclined to get an abortion despite her physician’s assurances and official diagnosis of possible mild defect in her fetus. Would her physician agree that she should abort? If I am that physician, I would recommend that she keep her child.
My recommendation for Mrs. Brown to carry the child to birth rests on an appreciation that, based on the facts of the fetus’ medical condition, an abortion is unnecessary because the fear associated with the mild birth defect is unfounded.
First, I will describe the current arguments of ...

Once Albert Einstein said, “It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity” (Moffett et al. 175). Nowadays, his statement is more challenging than ever. We live in the age of technological progress that works both ways. On the one hand, it significantly eases our life and improves its level. On the other hand, almost uncontrolled development of technology makes people dependent and results in loosing humanity. Comparing with previous days, we have become less attentive and more indifferent to everything around us. The aim of this paper is to discuss the impact technology has on ...

For many years, different tests have been performed on humans or using humans as test subjects. Human testing provides better results as compared to carrying out tests with animals. Humans and animals are by no means exactly identical: There is also the argument that a drug’s reaction in a human’s body is to a certain extent different from the reaction in an animal. The main criticism at this point is that certain people believe that animal testing is not reliable. Following on that criticism is the idea that when conducting tests, since animals are in a strange surroundings, the animals will ...

On the fifth of July 1996 the first cloned sheep was born, they called her ‘Dolly’ and she sparked off one of the hottest debates of the twentieth century, the debate over the nature of and consequences of cloning a human being, thus starting the idea of bio-ethics.
Science furthering the lifespan of the human race has been at the core of scientific research since the dawn of time, organ donor-ship, organ transplants, advances in medical technology, like in vitro fertilisation, what seemed like science fiction to people of the past are now commonplace, everyday affair for those living ...

Introduction

Human cloning is the creation of identical human being in the laboratory. It is an artificial process and is conducted with stem cell research and biotechnology. Reproductive cloning would give rise to human clones. Animal cloning is practiced from past few years and with the birth of Dolly, the sheep cloning has become the prime research area of many scientists. The reproductive cloning is dealing with many controversial issues and is banned in several countries including United States. The discussion on should human cloning be legalized or banned is a discussion issue among the bio-research communities and there are many ...

It is very true of today that when one walks amongst a huge crowd of people of all the different age and sizes, it will strike immediately that the thinner, slimmer person is better looking, perhaps more active and even beautiful, whereas the fatter, heavier-looking person is slow, dull and unattractive to the eyes. This viewpoint is associated with years and years of psychological conditioning about the views on fat and thin people and how one’s weight is associated with their personal attributes and abilities. This is the viewpoint propagated by the writer Mary Worley in her article ...

Nurture and nature have been two most controversial aspects in self-identification and family. Nature refers to the innate qualities that are inherent in individuals whereas nurture is the external environment aspects that shape the identity of an individual. Nurture is derived from ones environment, and includes attributes or aspects that have no relationship with the genetic characteristics of the person. Which of the two is superior to the other in the way they shape the identity of the person? Although both play and interacting role in development and eventually identification, nurture tends to have an upper hand in shaping ...

Introduction

Mental illness is classified as a medical condition whereby an individual’s feelings, thinking, moods, daily functioning and ability to interact with others are disrupted. The larger society classifies such patients as crazy since they seem to be detached from others. Like any other disease, mental illness is a medical condition whereby one cannot cope with the ordinary demands of life (Thompson, 11). The concept mental illness entails brain disorders like dementia and schizophrenia, personality disorders and other disorders like anxiety and depression to mention a few. It affects people across socio-economic, religious or educational backgrounds. For many decades, mental illness has ...

Introduction: Prior to the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Flemming millions of people worldwide succumbed to common infections. The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 killed nearly 30 million people, which was higher than the population that succumbed to the First World War. Following the discovery of penicillin in 1928, a number of other antimicrobial agents were discovered from natural sources or synthesized in laboratories that led to treatment of many infectious diseases worldwide. It was believed at one point that these magic bullets could be used to target and kill any and all kinds of pathogenic microorganisms. However, soon after the ...

The dream of every expectant mother is to give birth to a healthy baby when the nine months elapse. However, the culture of uncertainty among expectant mothers has engulfed their thoughts of the possibility of giving birth to children with disabilities. As a result, they have turned to clinics for prenatal screening with a hope of getting a clean bill of health from medical practitioners about their current situation. All these efforts are not in vain in their minds as long as they are assured their babies will not have Down’s syndrome. These frantic efforts paintan image of ...

Introduction

The Yurok language is a language spoken in North California. Many debates have come up during the recent years concerning the Yurok language. Yurok is much related to the Wiyot as compared to the Ritwan languages. It is important to note that Yurok is a relative although not a close one to the Algonquian languages. Additionally, the Yurok language comprises of complex verbs, and their word order is free (Native-Languages, 2015). The name ‘Yurok’ means downriver as the tribe used to reside along River Klamath in California. The number of Yurok speakers has been decreasing over the years, as there were thousands ...

English

There is a serious debate about what makes a healthy food. Many people argue that vegetarians eat healthy food and people who eat meat also argue that they eat healthy foods. The fact of the matter is that a healthy food needs good nutrition. In today’s society, people are very conscious about their bodies and their health in general. There are thousands of recipes and nutritional diets that are out there to help in keeping people healthy and being fit. What makes a healthy food is a balanced nutrition. Many people do not have the right nutritional balance in their foods, and this ...

Introduction

Coffee has been a favorite morning companion for many adults throughout the years. This beverage is believed to be the motivating power people need whenever they feel they need to wake up and stay alert. However, despite the fact that coffee is an appealing trend and everyday habit for many millions across the globe, how health is it to drink coffee? Opinions definitely vary. Coffee has been both denounced as health destroying and medicinal over time. Coffee break was the outcome of an ad back in 1952 that was quickly promoted to a “daily ritual in workplaces, homes and churches” (American ...

When one talks about teenage pregnancy, there is a possibility that abortion would enter the discussion. With many teenagers slowly getting pregnant in a young age, many young couples opt to undertake abortion to get away from the responsibilities attached in being a young parent. Arguments have already dominated various discussion forums and mediums in allowing young couples to abort their babies legally. Many groups have vehemently argued against the legalization of Abortion as this is against the moral teachings of the Church, and it would also affect the young mother in the long run. Others believe legalization would reduce the number ...

Psychological disorder is a disorganization of the central nervous system work. A personality disorder is sustained template of standing and conduct that differs from templates that are regarded as normal by a human’s culture. Symptoms of any personality disorder stay the same in various situations and become apparent by early matureness. These symptoms induce anguish or make it hard for a person to act normally in public. (Claridge, 60) The aim of this paper is to research the paranoid personality disorder, its symptoms, environmental and biological causes and possible treatment methods, and finds out the prognosis and prospects ...

The majority of the successful people in business has embraced entrepreneurship. An entrepreneur is a person who can organize, develop while at the same time managing a business (Daley, 2013). He or she manages and mitigates the risks that come about with the type of business he or she is venturing into. An entrepreneur must be able to analyze the risks that come about with the business and make accurate decisions on what to do (Daley, 2013). Entrepreneurs help the economy to grow in that their profits contribute to the growth of the economy through the payment of taxes ( ...

The legalization of marijuana was only brought to effect after the drug had been tested to prove it had positive effects on a user’s health. There has been much debate about the drug’s effects on the brain, psychological health of a person and the benefits of marijuana in treating illnesses. Many people use marijuana mainly for recreational purposes. However at times, they are in pain or are suffering from an illness because of which they take the drug in order to alleviate some pain. But if the drug helps them then it is beneficial for their health, ...

strains?”
Researches on viruses have been carried out since time immemorial. Several vaccines, therapeutics, and targeted drug delivery systems have been developed only through extensive research on virulent strains. However, genetic engineering and molecular biology techniques have enabled scientists to manipulate, and develop new recombinant strains that may not occur in nature spontaneously. Proper containment of these engineered strains is essential as they might have properties that are entirely different from their parent strains. In September 2011 a researcher from Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam revealed how he had engineered avian influenza strain H5N1, and made it “more receptive to ...

Introduction

Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman were brutally murdered between 10:15 p.m. and 10:35 p.m. on Sunday June 12, 1994 in the front of Nicole Brown Simpson’s Brentwood condominium located in Los Angeles, California. O.J. Simpson committed these murders. The witness testimony and the evidence at the crime scene of the murders of Brown Simpson and Goldman clearly indicate that O.J. Simpson committed the crimes. However, the incompetence of the Los Angeles Police Department during the investigation of the murders allowed the defense to create reasonable doubt in the minds of the jurors so that a non-guilty verdict ...

Over the last few decades the question about gay rights and gay marriage has been widely discussed not only in the USA, but in most Western European countries. It has affected many people, who opted either for or against the question, if gays should have rights. It was not only discussed about the rights as a single person, but also about the rights of being a same sex-couple. People that are in these types of relationships started all forms of protests and initiatives to gain their rights to be married. There is a strict line of division between the groups of people ...

(First Paragraph) Your Name, Your complete departmental and institutional affiliation
(Second Paragraph) Changes in your affiliation, if any
(Third Paragraph) Please enlist your acknowledgments, funding sources, special circumstances, etc.
(Fourth Paragraph) Your mailing address, e-mail, and other pertinent contact information

The Rise of Obesity in America

Over the past decades, obesity has become one of the most alarming issues in the United States of America. As a matter of fact, the number of adults becoming extremely overweight has significantly increased in just a matter of forty years. From 15 percent in 1980, adult obesity has doubled to 30 percent today according to a study made ...

Dawkins Richard compares religion to a virus, which spreads and infects the weak-minded people, making them produce aberrant behavior. Like a virus, religion begins as a by- product, and use human beings to propagate its spread. Religions are costly to those infected in them, just as the idea of viruses. Religions demand large amounts of time and money impose health risks and make people believe in things that are contradicting. Religions and viruses succeed by using threats and promises, which People accept and want to pass. This is evident in Michael Blume’s speech, “The reproductive advantage of religion.” In his graph, ...

The typical definition of biodiversity, also referred to as biological diversity, is the variability as well as a variety among living organisms, and the ecological complexes in which they take place (Coulston & Riitters, 2005). It may be considered in a hierarchical structure where degrees include species, genes, communities, populations, landscapes, and ecosystems. With no detailed information on actual diversity, there is a suggestion that protection of a community of plants may be a substitute for protection of the diversity of constituents linked to that community. Put differently, protecting a community of plants also offers protection to the species, genes, as well as populations inside that ...