Animals Article Reviews Samples For Students

Luke Rendell and Hall Whitehead are the authors of this article. Rendell is a Ph.D. student at the Dalhouise Univesity. His focus is in cetacean behavior and acoustic communications. Whitehead is a professor of biology at the same university and has written several papers mostly on the behavior, ecology and conservation of whales. He is also the coordinator of field studies of dolphins and whales.
I, therefore, offer a summary of the article, give my opinion and connect the article to the question “is culture unique to humans?’

Article Summary

Rendell and Whitehead describe recent research findings on the evidence of cultural transmission ...

Scientists have found metallopolymers. Metallopolymers are used to make strains vulnerable to antibiotics. Previously, bacteria were resistant to these antibiotics. Tang and his colleagues noted that a significant fraction of infection is caused by bacteria such as MRSA. MRSA is spread through contaminated hands. The presence of MRSA in the body causes pneumonia and deters treatment by traditional antibiotic such as penicillin when they produce enzymes. Although much effort has been made to inactivate this enzyme, a successful resolution has not been reached. In the process of coming up with a better alternative, Tang’s team tested a recently discovered class against a number ...

Brian Solomon’s essay entitled “Vegetarianism Is the Right Moral Choice For Many Reasons” is at its core, an emotional plea to convince readers to drastically change their eating habits by becoming vegetarians. Solomon blames humans for taking an immoral and unethical decision and participating in the deaths of millions of animals in order to secure the continuation of the human race. In this critique, I will analyze how the author makes his appeals to the audience and whether his claims are substantiated.
In the beginning of the essay, the author unabashedly states his position on animal rights ...

Harold A. Herzog

Assignment

Research Question or Problem

Is the use of animals in biomedical and behavioral research unethical?
Introduction
The ‘introduction section’ of this article gives a thorough and relevant review of literature. It gives the reader an idea about different philosophies concerning animal rights and experimentation. It also identifies the population using animals for research and leaves answered questions for the research and endeavor on this topic. A total of twelve references have been cited in the introduction and a few (such as Singer, 1975) appear at several places.
Ethical treatment of animals has been raised as an issue since the last quarter ...

Article Review

God’s covenant between Abraham and David are often speculated as conditional or unconditional. Given that there was a form of agreement between God and Abraham or David, the promise of land was considered conditional. God speculated that Abrahamic or Davidic lineage would be blessed through getting future land depending on the loyalty of the people to God. This paper will examine both Davidic and Abrahamic covenants made by God and the land grants that go hand in hand with these covenants.
The covenant between God and Abraham is outlined in Genesis 15 and 17 in that the term ‘ ...

Affiliated School;

The article is; A MODEL FOR DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION OF COMPLEX MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURES. Published in 1991, the authors are;
- ATCHLEY, W. R – He was the head of Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7614
- HALL, B. K.- He was in the Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4J1
The purpose of the article is to show the complex morphological structure of a mammal, how it develops and changes with time due to evolution and the factor of adaptation for better survival. The model is based on the premise ...

The article by Heyes (2012) makes significant discoveries on the cognitive abilities of humans as well as those of animals. In addition, the article provides an explanation of the similarities between the cognitive abilities of the animal as well as those of human beings. As a result, the article provides an explanation that assist understanding the minds of animals and their relation to that of human beings. Heyes uses a case study of the chimpanzees where she tries to explain the relationship between complex behavior and simple mindedness in the perspectives of associative blindness. The article provides an associative explanation, which ...

Beyond the myth is a film about a certain breed of dogs commonly reared in the United States. The dogs from this particular breed of dogs are referred to as “pit bulls”. The dogs are believed to be a threat to the safety of people living in any given neighborhood. This is based on an instance where a 12-year old boy was bitten to death by his family’s two pit bulls as Fredman reports (Beyond the Myth). The concerned agency, in this case the agency concerned with animal breeding, passes a law in four states in America (Miami, Denver, San Francisco and Cincinnati) ...

Safety: Another pressing issue is that of the presence of animals in the lifeboat at the beginning of Pi’s journey. It emphasizes on the need to reach a certain level of security so that Pi would reach land unharmed.
Love/Belonging: The scene where Santosh (Pi’s father) taught his sons fear of animalsby showing them a grotesque scene where the tiger Mahisha eats a goat. It can be seen as a form of tough love where the father is simply showing his concern and worry for his children.
Esteem: As the book is written in the protagonist’s voice, one ...

Annotated Bibliography

The above journal article as done by Kay Peggs explores the pertinent issues regarding animal testing paying attention to the European community. Peggs reviews the moral issues, economic implications and scientific importance of nonhuman animal testing vis-à-vis a directive by the European Community endorsed in the year 2008. Peggs first appreciates that nonhuman animal testing has been the main methodology that scientists around the world use in performing scientific research. Further, the author argues that the European Community has had divergent rules and legislation with regard to animal testing. However, nearly all member states have a deep concern for animal ...

Background

Each year, millions of mammals cross the Seregenti. The migration of the wildebeest is one of the greatest natural wonders of the world. But there is something not so wonderful in the Serengeti—an endemic disease called anthrax that strikes and kills without discrimination. It kills humans, livestock, and wildlife.

This study is about the ecopathology of Bacillus anthracis (Cohn), the pathogen that causes anthrax. Anthrax is not a big problem in most countries, but anthrax is still common in Africa because sanitation is poor, and there is no access to vaccines.
The ecology of anthrax is not well ...

In his article, “The Meat Eaters,” Jeff McMahan discusses the concept of animals suffering at the hands of other animals, and whether or not this should be tolerated. He explores the reasons why animals should not be made to suffer any more than humans, and possible ways in which to eradicate their suffering. Overall, he believes that by allowing all carnivorous animals to become extinct and then introducing new herbivorous species, suffering could be eliminated.
McMahan contends that as humans tend to avoid allowing any other human being to suffer, perhaps we should be extending this responsibility to ...

Article Review: Baldness Treatments May Mimic Animals' Winter Coats

Article Review: Baldness Treatments May mimic Animals Winter Coats
Just imagine scientists have devoted so much research towards baldness in both men and women to make the startling discovery that treatment dermatologists’ use in their attempt to regenerate the function of hair follicles found within the skin, can be adapted towards understanding animal winter coating during the change of seasons (MyHealthDailyNews, 2011)
Precisely, in making the connection with animals, Dr Cheng-Ming Chuong, University of Southern California, advanced the assumption that hair growth in animals is stimulated by hormones ...

Schizophrenia can be described as a neurodevelopment disorder. Genetics and surroundings play an important role in development of this disorder. Patients suffering from the decease faced problems in performing the tasks involved memory and mental exercise.
1. Various findings revels that schizophrenia is a disconnection problem. Some findings are as follow;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - a study carried out on structural MRI shown uneven distribution of grey material in different regions of brain. The grey material found around 5 to 10 percent less in frontotemporal and basal ganglia-thalamocortical network. A decrease in volume in hippocampus considered as consistent and ...

Summary review of Article: McTighe, S., M., Cowell, R. A., Winters, B. D., Bussey, T. J., & Saksida, L. M. (2010). Paradoxical false memory for objects after brain damage. Science, 330, 1408-1410.

This article captures previous research related to brain damage and previous experiments, that have been done in as far as memory and brain damage relationship are concerned (1). Vann and Albasser (2) while citing the works of McTighe et al. (1) define the neural process as the mechanism that allows humans and animals to have episodic memories. These memories are set in such a way that people experience ...

Abstract

In 1972, the United States government banned the use of DDT after the awful discovery of the effects of this insecticide on the environment. The United States government raised concerns over the toxicity of this insecticide stating that the concentration of the drug in animal tissues, thus end up harming the animals in the process. A report carried out on the issue indicates that this insecticide had contributed to the extinction of birds and the thinning of eggs. However, the WHO released a statement on the issue stating that DDT is a useful drug especially for the control of malaria. According ...

Summary Article for PSY 140 2011

Summary review of Article: McTighe, S., M., Cowell, R. A., Winters, B. D., Bussey, T. J., & Saksida, L. M. (2010). Paradoxical false memory for objects after brain damage. Science, 330, 1408-1410.
This article captures previous research work relating to brain damage and the previous experiments that have been done in as far as memory and brain damage relationship are concerned (McTighe et al., 2010). Vann and Albasser (2011) while citing the works of McTighe et al. (2010) defines the neural process as the mechanism that allows humans and animals to have episodic memories which are set in such a ...

Examining the mammoths

Mammoths are close relative of modern day elephants. Mammoths are extinct species and were characterized by long curved tusks and a covering of long hair. Like their present day relatives, mammoths were quite large and in today’s modern English, the word mammoth is used as an adjective meaning huge or large. The largest mammoth species are known to have reached a height of about five meters at the shoulder and would probably weigh about six to eight tones. However, majority of mammoth species were only about the size of the modern Asian elephant. Fossils belonging to species of dwarf mammoths ...

Animal cognition is the mental capacity of animals as well as the study of animals’ mental capacity. The study of mental capacities of animals has stemmed from comparative psychology, which includes studying the conditioning of animals and their learning. Working memory is a major executive function that makes up the cognitive system and deals with information by providing transient holding, processing as well as manipulation. The study of working memory in animals has mainly focused on spatial memory with most of the studies trying to provide a clarification for spatial memory psychological basis together with the hippocampus role.
Balda & ...

Consuming beef is without a doubt a pleasant practice among many individuals. In fact, not many people pose to think about the kind of treatment the animals were compelled to endure before their slaughter. In the article, This Is What Humane Slaughter Looks Like. Is It Good Enough? McClelland seeks to provide a rationale over the ethical principles about beef consumption. Precisely, are animals subjected to a conducive slaughter environment before their death? Is their demise made humane as many people think? He mentions that the United States enforced the Humane Slaughter Act in 1958. However, over the decades, ...

Petrol direct is a site that talks about low cost, innovative fuels including petrol, biofuels, diesel, and specialist fuels. It is a site that informs people about how they can now access fuel on line, without having to go to the gas stations, and paying higher prices for fuel. (Petroldirect.com) claims that one is now able to access cheaper fuel via the internet, in the United Kingdom. It goes ahead to explain that their fuels are cheaper, because they are sourced from other countries in the European Union that have lower tax rates than the United Kingdom.
The site Petrol ...

1. Anderson, L.V. (2016, May 19). Ethics compliance training is a waste of time. Slate Magazine.
This article, despite the cynical title, provides good research concerning the process by which companies implement ethics compliance training programs, including what incentive they have and how the external legal environment influences them to do this. The article begins by stating that the predominant form of ethics compliance training that all onboarded employees typically take in corporate organizations in the United States are in the form of eLearning courses. The article describes the typical mandatory basic ethics, harassment and discrimination training that are ...

Not all proteins are equally good to the human’s body. Animal proteins have all the required amino acids because they are the most similar to the ones we have in our body. Such sources of animal proteins as red meat and egg yolks are rich with heme iron and zinc which are better absorbed by the body than the same elements from plant proteins. Moreover, meat contains B12 which cannot be found in plant proteins, and this vitamin has a big influence on healthy functioning of our nervous system. Milk and dairy products supply the organism with nine ...

Chimpanzees are genetically very close to human beings. As a result, these animals are very useful when conducting human biomedical and behavioral research (National Academies of Science). Plenty of research have been done using these animals leading to great developments in public health. Although these primates have helped researchers to make plenty of contribution to public health, some people feel that other alternatives should be considered.
It is true that chimpanzees have played a vital role in medical research. However, their use as animal models is no longer appealing as technology provides alternatives. Complete discontinuation of chimpanzees in laboratories ...

Gene Editing Techniques

1. Gene Editing – General Background
Gene editing entails inserting, deleting and replace the DNA in a genome of an organism utilizing engineered nucleases. Sections of the natural gene are replaced and completed using a synthetic DNA chain. Also, the natural repair process gets rid of the mismatches and gaps in the DNA. On the other hand, gene disruption is a technique by which the DNA fragment is utilized to replace a genome sequence with a chosen marker gene like the kanavanine resistance. DNA –binding proteins are proteins that consist of DNA-binding domains and hence have affinity for single and ...

Introduction 3

History of Aquaculture 3
Aquaculture and biotechnology 4
Public response to Aqua-biotechnology 4
Ethical Implications of aqua-biotechnology 5
Sustainability of the environment 6
Preserving the existing species 7
Conclusion 8

References 9

Introduction
Plausibly, one of the biggest problems facing the 21st century humanity is food insecurity. This has been occasioned by a rather unpredicted population increase across the world which is mounting too much pressure on the natural resources for food. Aquatic food has been one of the greatest sources of food for humankind. According to statistical predictions, the demand for products is set ...

Evolution – The Reality of Existence

This paper deals with two articles and two conversational scripts, each of which tries to emphasize the predominant role and the process of evolutionary development that dates back to our ancestors, and which cascades down to our own lives and plays a role in determining our current behavior and lifestyle.
The first article titled Potential Evolutionary Role for Same-Sex Attraction (Association for Psychological Science, 2010), published in the Science Daily on Feb 4, 2010, tries to highlight the role of human evolution in promoting homosexuality amongst men. The article -- based on the research findings of two evolutionary psychologists, ...

Chapter 7 Reading Response

Chapter 7 Reading Response
Art is an important part of the human life. It is often believed that the art has developed from the cave images of animal. Also, it is said that people painted or carved animals because they were amazed by their appearance. The Ingold argues that the conventional views on this issue are false. This chapter was written in order to show the origins of animal depictions based on the difference between animism and totemism. The chapter is important because it reveals the truth about the art.
In this chapter the author provided an insight into ...

Sustainable Agriculture

Introduction

Agriculture is considered as a science and art of animal and plant keeping, therefore in land utilization there are basically two methods by which crops are produced for food and income generation (Pimentel, 2005). They include: conventional and organic systems of farming. Conventional land farming entails the usage of artificial fertilisers that are chemically made so as to increase yields of plants, pest protection, and higher animal output using hormones and antibiotics (Acs et al., 2009). Alternatively, organic land usage is the reliance of techniques such as plant waste, rotation of crops, animal waste, and natural-pest controls to improve ...

Pink Pork

Most top chefs and some scientists breathed a sigh of relief when the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced that pink pork is safe for human consumption. For years, they have been urging the USDA body to declare that pink pork is safe in vain (Cevallos, 2011).
Previously people have viewed the pink color of pork with skepticism for they associated it with undercooking. With the recent announcement, the lovers of this rare meat do not have to worry about the pink color anymore. The color issues came about when USDA lowered the safe temperatures of cooking pork. Initially ...

Firstly, it is important to admit that scientists have presented varying opinions and perspectives concerning the physical appearance and other biological characteristics about certain extinct animals. There are myriad paleontological researches that have been performed to explicate evolutionary issues affecting the earth. The recent discovery made about vocalization in dinosaurs is quite surprising. It is relatively difficult to imagine that extremely large animals like dinosaurs did not roar as depicted in many fiction movies but hooted through a closed-mouth vocalization process. Many science fiction movies have instilled the idea that dinosaurs were large and scary animals that could roar ...

In his paper “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It,” Watson (1913) points out what he believes to be the main issues of psychology as a growing science. Watson explains that psychology is concerned with the analysis of complex mental states and processes and reducing them to simple elements. An alternative approach includes taking several simple elements and constructing complex mental states from those elements. In both cases, the significance of external stimuli is often dismissed in studies, which also means no significance is attributed to behavioral data. That is why Watson argues that existing subject-matter in psychology should ...

A Critical Analysis

In the article “Mammoths: Resurrecting Extinct Megafauna,” from the website ActionBioscience.org, author Larry Agenbroad (20005) discusses the moral, legal and practical problems connectedfwith cloning a mammoth fromthe DNA of a frozen mammothMammoths are extinct species and there is some evidence that human beings were responsible for their extinction. Agenboard considers four areas of this controversial topic in detail.
He starts off by establishing that it is feasible to clone a mammoth from unfrozen DNA. It has not been attempted yet, only because the samples have too small or damaged by the freezing process. Many scientists seem to think that there are ...

Todd Seabrook’s opinion article; Slippery Ethics: The Tilikum Trap is a newspaper opinion that was intended for the general mass public. In the article, Todd argues that PETA lacked the moral pedestal in their demand for the release of the Orca called Tilikum. For Todd, it is immoral for people to demand the release of an animal that has killed while they would demand otherwise for a human person. He also blames PETA for their holistic generalizations on all animals as well as criticizing their theory of acting as per the perceptions of what is right or wrong uncritically.
...

The article at hand discussed the effectiveness and benefits of usage of MR Imaging in the case of Alzheimer Disease. The study took place in a mouse model, however it claims for being equally effective in the treatment of people who suffer from this disease. The main purpose of the study was to determine whether MR targeted to the hippocampus is helpful in identifying and monitoring Alzheimer Disease. It is also aimed at seeking ways to achieve improvement in pathologic brain abnormalities and behavior that can possibly prevent prompt development of disease.
The choice of the method that was ...

Introduction

Trillions of microbes constitute the “Metagenome” of the human gut. This is the organ called microbiome, which is highly essential, and offers the host benefits such as metabolic abilities, pathogen protection, immune system enhancement, and GI tract developmental modulations (De Fillipo, et al.).
In their study, three questions regarding the evolution of the human microbiota have been raised. They are: (1) how does the partitioning of bacterial diversity between and within two populations studied? (2) Does there exist a correlation between the diet and bacterial diversity?; and (3) considering the varied geography and hygienic conditions, what is the bacterial ...

Morality is essential to the stability of a nation or an organization. In fact, lack thereof leads to the development of uncertainty among individuals and this situation compromises peace. With this in mind, it is worth acknowledging the fact that David Foster raises his ethical concerns about the consumption of lobsters. Precisely, he does not present his argument in a way that castigates this action. Rather, he poses a question that challenges one’s emotional and logical appeal. He mentions, “Is it all right to boil a sentient creature alive just for our gustatory pleasure?” This statement forms the ...

Human beings, that were once referred to ‘’Tool using animals’’ have a long history that dates back to 2 Million years ago. However, the major source of economic development was initiated after the process of agriculture came into existence. Post the arrival of Agricultural era, Paleolithic Human largely survived on hunting animals using the tools that were directly derived from nature or were marginally modified using wooden hafts or handles by these groups. It is because of their high reliance solely on hunting, seventeenth-century philosopher Thomas Robbes, described the Paleolithic life as ‘’Nasty, Brutish and Short’’
However, the very ...

Article Review: Human Population, Carrying Capacity, and Resource Use

It is easy to forget that human beings are animals and that they must follow the same ecological and biological rules as the rest of the animal kingdom. Humanity has the biggest ecological footprint-- the amount of land that it would take to provide all the resources for a population and take care of its waste-- of any animal in the animal kingdom. Calculating the carrying capacity of the world for humanity is difficult, but research suggests that the ecological footprint of humanity is growing to the point where the earth may not be able to support the type of ...

It is difficult to explain a complex phenomenon such as human behavior. However, if human behavior can be observed carefully from an objective position and understood for what it is, it can be possible to adopt a more sensible explanation. Various theorists have attempted to explain human behavior through scientific approaches, and B. F Skinner is one such theorist. For Skinner, all human behavior, both internal and external, can be explained by the environmental impacts produced. In any given situation, a behavior is followed by a consequence. The behavior is most likely to be repeated in future similar situations if the consequences are ...

The article "Must an Educated Being Be a human being?" by Robert Heslep proposes that for any being to become educated, no need exists that it must be essentially a human. As a result, there has been a contention whether or not humans are the only objects subject to being educated. The article commences by presenting the idea of being a human being and the consensual idea associated with education. It progresses to give the procedure regarding heuristic education while at the same time clarifying the latter concept. Notably, the work has presented a formidable case for the nonhuman ...

The article is about comparing the pollution caused by cars in the 1970’s to the pollution that existed in the United States prior to the automobile. The focus of the article is the pollution caused by the waste of horses. Horses were the cause of a number of pollution related issues in the past. The gases that they released along with the fecal matter they left behind not only resulted in foul odors, but were harmful to the environment and people’s health. There was also the issue of noise, which subsequently increased to horrifying levels in cities ...

Introduction

Advances in research have brought a substantial progress in the field of nutritional therapy provisions. The current advancement has seen researchers combine Arginine and Proline dietary that have been fed to diabetic rats to accelerate wound healing in these mammals. A combination of the two nutrients has several important functions, which include; enhancement in wound healing and angiogenesis as well as improved repair of damaged tissues, help keep both cartilage and collagen production at optimal levels. It is also important in protein synthesis by working as a primary substrate, triggers cell proliferation when it breaks down to Polyamines and ...

Humans are the most evolved species as evolutionist biologist Theodosiusn Dobzhansky once stated, though the notion has been contested recently after further extensive primal researches being conducted. Findings from the intensive studies on primates such as baboons, chimpanzees and bonobos have proved that they also possess quite a fair share of the intelligent quotient as humans, through being in the capacity to communicate and forge handmade stone tools to make their work easier. Primates are omnivores hence plenty of food is available to feed on and face very little danger from predators, thus they spend minimal time trying to ...

Lydon and Garcia in “The Next American City and the Rise of Tactical Urbanism” provide captivating information about the phenomenon of Tactical Urbanism and its features in America (63-86). It has to be noticed that, though the trends described within the book by the authors are rather familiar for me, the term “tactical urbanism” has been rather new for me. The authors smartly define four primary trends influencing on city life: returning of people to the city, Internet’s rise, the Great Recession, and increase of disconnection between citizens and government; all these tendencies indeed take place in modern ...

The Skull, an episode of Radiolab, tells the story of Taung Child. The hosts Robert Krulwich and Jad Abumrad interview two very knowledgeable guests to find out about the discovery of Taung Child, its similarities and differences to modern humans, the way it influenced our understanding of human ancestors, and the theories behind the cause of its death.
Taung Child is the skull fossil that was discovered in 1920s in Taung, an area on the southern edge of Kalahari dessert in South Africa (Radiolab). Back in the 1920s, this patch of land was a very popular destination for European ...

Nobody likes losing things, but the outcome of any loss can always be measured on a basis of what is remaining. The loss of species from the Earth is important humanity, but the impact can only be realized if a view in proportional terms and from perspectives of what is remaining is considered. To estimate the importance of the current extinction rates, it is important to appraise the number of species that occupy the earth’s surface.
Among the most surprising things about science is the little information we have. It is amusing that one can assume that biologists ...

(Student’s Full Name)

The common argument in both Pollan’s and Steingraber’s essays is that the food sources consumed by humans are contaminated by pollutants or chemicals in an industrialized society. Steingraber mentions the fact that human breast milk contains a significant amount of “persistent organic pollutants (POPs)” (932). In fact, the high levels of contamination found in breast milk has allowed it to gain the reputation as being the “most contaminated of all human foods” (Steingraber 932). Steingraber mentioned the fact that researchers have identified “200 different chemical contaminants in the milk of U.S. mothers,” for instance, ...

Introduction

Nature has always been the subject of many debates since the discovery of its existence. Human beings have always made it their duty to preserve the integrity of the environment of which nature is a part of. However, human beings are the dominating and the intelligent species have played a major role in the destruction of the ecological system around them. This is due to a rapid increase in population and development. The wilderness is the part of the environment that has not been affected by human activities either positively or negatively. The range of biological diversity found in the wilderness is ...

Interaction between species and their environment plays a great role in their normal behaviors and existence. Altering the normal habitat of a species has massive effects on its distribution as well as the normal ecological functioning. Human activities have over the years caused significant change in regard to the normal habitats of both animals and plant species. Human activities such as continued agricultural activities and the rapidly growing urban centers have led to encroachment of forests. The uncontrolled encroachment has led to development of isolated forest patches. These isolated patches are a clear indication of fragmentation caused by modification of habitats by ...

‘Quebec physicians tentatively propose legal euthanasia’ is an article by the online the online newspaper, The Globe and Mail. The article by Rhéal Séguin describes how Quebec physicians have joined the debate on Euthanasia with the proposal that it be included as a valid intervention measure in medicine. They propose that medically aided euthanasia be allowed as part of the normal medical interventions available when needed.
The Quebec College of Physicians argues that after several years of deliberations and research, they deemed that the public has come of age to accept euthanasia. They therefore proposed that the ...

This essay analyzes the published article: “Overuse of Antibiotics Spurs Vicious Cycle” (Jun 2010). The article is published by Dr Joseph Mercola on his website: “Mercola. Com: Take control of Your Health” and seeks to educate and persuade readers that current overuse of antibiotics in treating people is likely to cause patients to develop resistance to the drugs, which can have a residual effect for as much as a year after the medication is ended.
Summarizing Mercola’s article, he uses logos in suggesting that the more these antibiotics are prescribed routinely to treat mild illness such as coughs and ...

Article Review

New additional clues have been discovered that reignites the proposed relationship between human beings and their closest relatives, the apes (Popular Archaeology 2013). Researchers, Frans de Waal, PhD and Zanna Clay, PhD both from the Living Links Center at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center Emory University have postulated the theory supporting the linkage. From their recent study of the bonobo primates in the Democratic Republic of Congo in a sanctuary near Kinshasa, striking similarities between the emotional development of the bonobos and children were observed. From the results of the study, it became evident that the great apes had a ...

The article by Lihoreau et al. describes a comprehensive study about the important but not fully understood ability of some insects to define optimized foraging routes for feeding purposes. Even though some aspects of the routing strategies have been studied, a major knowledge gap are the underlying mechanisms of insects for tracing routes at large scales (Lihoreau et al., 2013). The authors propose that building the routes requires a gradual acquisition of information about the spatial location of the sites of interest as well as the travelling linkages between them. Important challenges of large scale studies are to efficiently capture all insect ...

Article Documentation:

Stephen C. Biological nitrogen fixation. 2011. Retrieved from; http://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/biological-nitrogen-fixation-23570419

Briefly, State the Main Idea of this Article.

Biological nitrogen fixation is an article written by Stephen C. Wagner showing a relation between living and non ling organisms. Generally, the article demonstrates how plants, animals and non living organisms interact with one another facilitating a better ecosystem. In the article, legumes are the plants being referred to while non living things being addressed in the article is nitrogen. Prokaryotes such as Azotobacter are involved in the conversion of nitrogen into the required form.

What evidence does the author give to ...

Swift’s A Modest Proposal is a successful piece of writing which addresses the problem of poverty in Ireland at the time. The use of satire is entirely appropriate and effective, and the piece is still popular centuries after it was written. Swift’s use of rhetoric successfully evokes in the reader a sense of outrage at the speaker and a sympathy towards the Irish.
On reading A Modest Proposal, the reader realises it isn’t a straight forward essay by the second paragraph in which he speaks of making small children useful members of society (Swift, 1729). However, it is only ...

. Journal 1 Findings:
According to Ozores-Hampton et al (2002), greenhouse pot trials conducted using immature and mature Municipal Solid Waste-biosolids (MSW) composts as a mulch decreased the percentage emergence and increased MDE (Mean Days to Emergence) of the seeds of several weed species. The greater the depth of composts, the more pronounced were the beneficial effects. Also, it was found that the immature composts, having higher percentages of acetic acid, required less depth of mulch to have the same effect. However, it was noted that the immature compost use would be most suitable where: a) the vegetable crop and the ...

Monkeys from HIV-Like Infection

Microbiology: Journal Review

“Experimental Vaccine Partially Protects Monkeys from HIV-Like Infection”
www.ScienceDaily.com

Many websites are available for serious researchers to access and share information. Unfortunately the mass media for the most part does not offer journalists with expertise in science. People are interested in the health of their families and need to know about medical research. The www.ScienceDaily.com is a website that offers the most recent research and scientific news in non-scientific language. This paper reviews an article from the ScienceDaily.com website. Three scientific research websites are evaluated.

Too many people are being infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( ...

Evolution has been defined by many a scientist, but the most notable one was Charles Darwin who formulated the famous evolutionary theory, and therefore referred to as the father of evolution. However, it is worth noting that even before Darwin, there were other theorists and scientists who had dwelt on the idea and whose thoughts could be integrated with those of Darwin to better understand the evolution. Some of these are discussed below.

Robert Hooke (1635-1703) started on the scientific note. He came up with a microscope with which he could observe some of the smallest creatures, and was the first ...

1.0 Introduction
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was first synthesized in 1874 and its insecticidal properties were discovered around 1939. It belongs to a group of chemicals referred to as organochlorine or chlorinated hydrocarbon. The chemical has since been used as an insecticide for a long time. It is crystalline, colorless, has a weak odor and, like other organochlorines, it’s hydrophobic with good solubility in most organic solvents, fats, and oils (lipophilic). The bio-magnification of DDT is attributed to its lipophilic property. It was widely used successfully used in the control typhus and malaria during the second half of the Second World War. ...