Behavior Article Reviews Samples For Students

This study discusses risky sexual behaviors among adults. Further, the study tries to establish other factors, both personal and non-personal, and their link to risky sexual behavior. The purpose of the study was to investigate the changes that occur over time within individual variations in irregularity of condom use and sexual encounters under the influence of alcohol. This has been necessitated because of the numerous and lasting consequences of risky sexual behaviors such as unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Previous research on this topic has involved the use of cross-sectional studies, which has limited the examination of changes ...

In his paper “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It,” Watson (1913) points out what he believes to be the main issues of psychology as a growing science. Watson explains that psychology is concerned with the analysis of complex mental states and processes and reducing them to simple elements. An alternative approach includes taking several simple elements and constructing complex mental states from those elements. In both cases, the significance of external stimuli is often dismissed in studies, which also means no significance is attributed to behavioral data. That is why Watson argues that existing subject-matter in psychology should ...

Luke Rendell and Hall Whitehead are the authors of this article. Rendell is a Ph.D. student at the Dalhouise Univesity. His focus is in cetacean behavior and acoustic communications. Whitehead is a professor of biology at the same university and has written several papers mostly on the behavior, ecology and conservation of whales. He is also the coordinator of field studies of dolphins and whales.
I, therefore, offer a summary of the article, give my opinion and connect the article to the question “is culture unique to humans?’

Article Summary

Rendell and Whitehead describe recent research findings on the evidence of cultural transmission ...

A. Theoretical Article Summary of Vijayalakshmi, V.; Bhattacharyya, S. (2012). Emotional Contagion and its Relevance to Individual Behavior and Organizational Processes: A Position Paper, Journal of Business & Psychology. 2012, 27 (3): 363-374. 12p.
1. Theory and Main Concepts
a) Theory
Emotional contagion and individual emotions are thought to correlate in a positive manner. Both of these aspects affect an individual’s functioning and behavior. In the article, the author collects various theories and data from past literature and tries to consolidate all the views about emotional contagion.
b) Diagram of Theory
For easy understanding, the author ...

Summary

Laveta Richardson, a mother, never thought that she would experience like those mothers seen on TV who grieve for their children’s loss to Chicago’s gun violence. On Thursday, Laveta Richardson was comforted by her relatives about the death of Venzel Richardson, age 14, the youngest among the siblings. Venzel was shot in West Woodlawn. According to the mother, her son Venzel was gone because there are people who do not have remorse and feelings. She cried hysterically said that her home would not be as before. Chicago police reported that Venzel, a freshman student at Dunbar High School had a ...

It is important to study about language and verbal behavior because it helps understand other people in a better way. Language or verbal behavior is defined as an operant behavior, which is strengthened by other people’s mediation (Skinner, 1957). This can be well explained as a practical relationship existing between the behavior of a person speaking, as well as the conditions in their environment. However, in this relationship, an important question, on how reinforcement between the speaker and the other people occurs arises.
According to research, it is clear that children acquire a number of language skills mainly without any instructions. ...

Is evolution Phycology really value free?

While most people may be familiar with the evolution of species, few individuals may not know the new branch of physiology, which is known as evolutionary physiology (EP). Evolutionary biology deals with adaptation of physical parts such as limbs, tail, and organs. On one hand, evolutionary physiology deals with the evolution of human thought, behavior, and language. The subject has been faced by severe critics where people against EP believe that it has no value but entirely relies on social and cultural behaviors of human. The author of this paper champions that, EP, unlike to the biological evolution; rely ...

Business

The consumer behavior and the placement of goods at the stores are the key elements which increase the sales and the revenue of any business. The current article explains different tactics to develop or enhance the attitude of the buyers or consumers towards purchasing of goods. Customers or the consumers react in different ways at the shopping malls or stores. Most of the consumers are the price sensitive consumers. Similarly, there are a large number of customers who prefer the quality of the product. Therefore, according to the article, it is very important to understand the trend of the customers ...

The two dangerous assumptions that are held in the research in gender different include the following. The assumption that, if we find a sex differences in some ability or kind of behavior, that means that all males do a particular thing and all females do some quite different thing ( for example, all men are aggressive, and all females are passive and peace-loving). Test scores of males and females overlap and thus, finding a sex difference does not mean that all women are one way and all men are one way. Therefore, knowing ones sex cannot possibly be used to predict the behavior ...

A journal article by Newman and Fisher entitled “Strategic Impact Merit Pay” was published in Compensation & Benefits Review in 1992. The authors devised an alternative approach to the pay for performance system called Strategic Impact Merit Pay (SIMP) in which employee behavior is considered in the calculation of compensation. The abstract is brief and concise, adequately presenting the argument of the paper.
The objective of the article was not clearly stated although it criticizes traditional merit pay systems to provide rationale for the creation of SIMP. A number of advantages of a SIMP plan were listed such as requisition ...

“Carers’ experiences of being exposed to challenging behaviour in services for autism spectrum disorders”: An Article Review

Challenging behavior is a common activity that can be encountered in our daily lifestyle. Its definition takes account of behaviors that are abnormal in reference with cultural or traditional practices; and its potency can put other people to harm. Behavior under this category leads a person to be restricted from communal facilities.
This paper would review the article entitled Carers’ experiences of being exposed to challenging behavior in services for autism spectrum disorders. In order to give final thoughts about the article, this review will include the definition of the article’s problem, purpose and research question. It would also ...

Psychology

Anxiety disorders are occurrences in our human life today. They can affect everyone in the society, and its effects are extensive in the society as well. There are several factors that play a significant role in the existent and development of anxiety disorders among human beings (WITTCHEN, STEIN, & KESSLER, 2009, p. 13). One of the elemental factors that relate to anxiety disorders is biological preparedness. The anxiety disorder presented includes fears and phobias towards different aspects in the environment.
Graham explains the uneven distribution of the fears through various evolutionary and mechanistic explanations. Psychological or behavioral mechanisms explain the ...

Braga, A. A. (2001). The effects of hot spots policing on crime. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 578(1), 104-125.
The major concept involved in the study is directed patrolling for crime reduction. Directed patrolling is operationalized by increasing police patrolling in areas where crime rate is higher, otherwise known as hot spots or high crime zones. Thus, it analyzes the effects of hot spots policing on crime rate and crime displacement. That makes crime rate and crime displacement as the two dependent variables in the study for two questions while hot ...

Educators ought to have good behavior management skills when developing a behavior management plan for learners. Lack of this skill can spark negativity from the learners and this will bring more problems between the educators and learners as well as between learners themselves. According to Pamela A. Bechtel, Lisa A. Stevens and Christine E. W. Brett, in their work Tips for Dealing with Behavior Management Issues, in physical education bad behavior management skills on the part of the teacher can lead to either positive or negative situations (Betchel, Stevens & Brett).Teachers should factor in diversity when they are going about ...

Communication in the simplest and most basic sense and aspect refers to the art where one person passes and shares information to the recipient for the purposes of relaying information. It is imperative to note that communication does not necessarily refer to the conversation. Since there are several non-verbal cues and non-verbal messages that one could use in order to pass information (Alberts, Nakayama & Martin, 2007). In the dating and relationship aspect, communication is uniquely dependent on the personality and behavior of an individual rather than follow a holistic and universal pattern. The above are the reasons as to why ...

Summary and Synthesis of the Article, “A Model of Scrolling of Touch Sensitive Displays”

(Student’s Full Name)
Summary and Synthesis of the Article, “A Model of Scrolling of Touch Sensitive Displays”

Summary

The article, “A Model of Scrolling of Touch Sensitive Displays” essentially discusses the significance of conducting research on users’ behaviors while scrolling on touch sensitive displays. Zhao et. al. argue that although panning and flicking of touch sensitive displays are similar to traditional scrolling methods used on devices which do not possess touch sensitive displays, they, in essence, require a multi-step method that is not as simple as using indirect input techniques such as “rolling the mouse wheel or dragging the ...

IMPULSIVE PURCHASING BEHAVIOR

1. What is the purpose of the article? Why did the author(s) conduct the research and/or write the article?
Impulsive purchasing is unplanned purchasing that depends on a rapid decision-making. There are many variables influencing the impulsive purchasing behavior such as demographic factors, income, cultural orientation, price promotions, and many other varying variables. The previous studies on the impulsive purchasing analyze the influence of these factors on the purchasing behavior. However, the previous studies miss an important point in analyzing the influential factors on the impulsive purchasing behavior: the influence of the social environment and the social relations ...

Questions

Institutions
Question 1
According to Joan Scott, gender is defined as “a constitutive element of social relationships based on perceived differences between the sexes and a primary way of signifying relationships of power.” On the other hand, Goffman claims that, “If gender be defined as the culturally established correlates of sex (whether in consequence of biology or learning), then gender display refers to conventionalized portrayals of these correlates. “In Scott context, biology is excluded the explanation of gender and the perception of individuals put into consideration. One is perceived a woman when she tends to behave and speak in an ...

SUMMARY OF AN ARTICLE ON EDUCATION

THE SCOPE OF THE PAPER
Homework is a widely used tool by the educators for varying reasons. The paper collects the results of many scientific articles on the homework strategies and influence of the homework implementations on the success. The paper aims to gather all the information from the other papers as much as possible and present the findings in an order.
In traditional education setting, the homework application has an important place. However, it does not mean that the homework application is fully perfect. The paper analyzes many dimensions of the homework application.

IMPORTANT FINDINGS

Many education scientist have ...

Article Summaries

According to Scarr and Richard, the influence of intelligence is due to genetics and environmental variables that are difficult to segregate. Psychologists often argue about the nature and the nurture of genetic variation fixes in the human behavior (Scarr and Richard 262). Some offer that genetic differences are negating to change in behavior. This belief has limitation since it fails to distinguish the environmental and the genetic sources of individual differences in behavior. In this case, one is not in a position to assess the impact of heredity in behavioral domains since all people have a gene complement expressed over development.
...

Shopping is a social and cultural aspect that has various effects. Notably, shopping entails various aspects, which affect the manner in which people carry out shopping. Class is a fundamental aspect of shopping that determines the choice that people will make with regard to shopping. Essentially, different people lead different lifestyles and this translates to the processes that they undertake in their shopping. Class is inscribed in shopping in a distinct way. Essentially, the kinds of lifestyle that people leader determine their shopping behavior (Shaw, 2010, p. 115). Class has categories as understood with the society. Essentially, there is the high class, ...

The inside preoptic place (mPOA) of the hypothalamus gland is involved in the control of two essential and normally fulfilling behaviors: sex-related and expectant mothers’ actions. Medication of abuse apply their results by taking advantage of organic neurobiological compensate systems, especially the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) program. However, the mesolimbic program does not function in solitude, and feedback from other reward-relevant components is factors in cocaine's fulfilling results. Appropriate behaviors reactions to organic compensate are necessary for success and reproduction success. To this end, neurobiological compensate systems have progressed to strengthen actions such as sex-related communications and parent care. However, ...

Article Summary and Review

Article Summary and Review

Summary of the Article

The article entitled “Observing differences in verbal communication: Filipino and British manager-subordinate interactions” written by Callaghan, Wilson, & Wright (1996) proffered pertinent issues relative to comparing verbal leader behavior as exhibited by British and Filipino managers. The authors initially discussed unique cultural differences using a review of related literature. As disclosed, there are a number of Filipino values which were deemed contributory as influential to smooth interpersonal relationships centering on high concern for the family, patience, authority, as well as economic self-sufficiency. Likewise, these values and identified attitudes were noted to have potential positive or negative consequences to ...

Article Review: “Has Psychology Failed?” by Jastrow

Article Review: “Has Psychology Failed?” by Jastrow
The article “Has Psychology Failed?” by Jastrow (1935) addresses the issues facing applied psychology and the limitations imposed by different schools of psychology, such as behaviorism and the psychoanalytic school. Even though he commends Watson’s desire to move psychology from theoretical science to applied science and Freud’s appreciation of the importance of emotions and subconscious mental processes in structuring the human mind, Jastrow believes a naturalist perspective would benefit psychology as a unified science with practical implications. However, most of the article is dedicated to lamenting the current state of psychology ...

Dialectical Behavior Therapy, or DBT, is a type of group therapy that has the potential to assist those suffering from the adverse effects of disordered thinking, including eating disorders. This paper discusses a study conducted to examine whether DBT can possibly be used to treat Binge Eating Disorder in women. The study found that by the end of the treatment, 89% of the experimental group were abstinent in binge-eating behavior at the end of the treatment, while 57% were still abstinent at the 6-month follow-up. This indicates that, although the sample size was small, more research should be done on the ...

[Author’s name]
Review of the article “Developmental Patterns in Small and Large Groups” by Susan Wheelan and Robert McKeage (1993)
The group behavior is has been always attracting attention of the scholars. Comparison of the groups of different sizes play an important role, as the results have wide real-world implication helping managers organize the groups in the most efficient way. As Wheelan and McKeage demonstrate in the literature review section, small and large groups had been compared by many criteria, from cohesion to productivity, with results often being contradictory. However, the previous studies had mostly concentrated ...

Reducing Drug Induced Deaths

During the year 2005, approximately 22m Americans were experiencing alcohol or drug related problem. Around 99% of people who abused substances or drugs were not aware of the problem they were experiencing. 273, 000 people out of those who identified their problem unsuccessfully sought treatment of their identified problems. The problems suffered included domestic violence, homicide, suicide and motor vehicle accidents/ crashes. These incidences emphasize the importance of enhancing measures to prevent and treat substance/ drug abuse and their related disorders. Such measures will improve the safety, health and life quality of the victims. This paper explores the 2020 ...

Frederick W. Taylor, Principles of Scientific Management, 1912

Thesis: According to Fredrick, the principles of scientific management when applied and given sufficient time can be very effective and produce far larger and better results for both employer and employees. The management of “initiatives and incentive” in which those on the management’s side deliberately provide a huge motivation to workmen who work for them and as return the group of workmen responds by putting efforts to their very best ability all the times in the interest of their employers.
“The first advantage which scientific management has over initiatives and incentive management initiative of workmen is obtained practically ...

The current writing analyzes three articles that share a common subject: leadership, but while two of them focus on the relation between the traits and behaviors as relevant predictors to leadership, the other describes the situational leadership theory and extends the notions available in this research area. This paper will examine the following articles: “Situational Leadership: A Review of the Research” (Johansen, 1990) , “Trait and behavioral theories of leadership: an integration and meta-analytic test of their relative validity” (Derue, Nahrgan, Wellman & Humphrey, 2011) and “Personality and Transformational and Transactional Leadership Meta-Analysis” (Bono & Judge, 2004).
Thesis Statement: These three articles ...

Behavior is termed as the way and means of getting something or rather avoid something. It is important to note that the behavior is earned and is an action that is both observable and measurable. It is observable in the aspect of what is seen or heard. For instance, if a subject is speaking, yelling, writing or even dancing. The behavior is more about how a certain feeling is expressed for instance by making faces, yelling, or even portraying various body postures. Behaviors can also be measured in that it can be defined and described. For instance, in this case a teacher ...

Psychology

Literature Review
Family is the basic unit of the society, as most people know, this is where social values are developed, which contributes in shaping the younger generation to become better citizens and individuals. However, the prevalence of gang groups involving youth encompasses a notion that family values insinuated by parents into their children is slowly diminishing. Given that parents have done their best to raise their children appropriately, occurrences of youth being exposed and associated themselves to gang groups still emerge. The question of whether the parents are still in control over their children, it is an issue ...

Institutions

Borderline Personality Disorder and Related Traits in Forensic Psychiatry: Article Review
As Reid (2009) rightly points out, character traits affecting persons with personality disorders such as regulation of emotions, impaired judgment, impulse control, chaotic internal and external lives, inaccurate perceptions and inappropriate rationalization affect the outcome of criminal, civil and institutional cases. When such circumstances occur, questions arise about whether the allegation/evidence persons with personality disorders provide is admissible in courts of law. In order to resolve some of these cases, forensic examination is necessary. The premise behind the use of forensic examination is that it is the ...

- Introduction
The title of this research paper is “To determine the effects of a prenatal breastfeeding workshop on maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding duration”. The setting of this research is in the city of Ontario in Canada. The intended population in this research is a woman in Canada (Noel-Weiss et al., 2006, p.128). The size of the sample used in this research is a hundred and ten. The characteristics of this representative sample include women who are expecting to deliver a single child. The child has to be healthy and fully developed and cognitive. The purpose of the research is to ...

The contemporary cultural milieu exudes a permissive attitude to sexuality and this pattern is also reflected in the popular culture and media portraitures of sexual behavior. It has also been noted that college students have erroneous notions regarding sexual norms which get influenced by the perception and influence of media. Hookups are reflections of the human social behavior and provide room for studying evolved mating psychology and cultural context. Cultural shifts in dating have shown transformations with time and it was propagated that sexual behavior is not bound by the context of marital union. The contemporary culture also encourages sexual ...

The study involved an examination of the influences of several personality and situational variables on assisting behavior in an emergency situation as the one depicted by the parable of the Good Samaritan. The authors of the article note “helping those in distress is one of the characteristics of an ethical act”. An ethical act refers to proceedings governed by principled norms and precepts taught to young ones in church, school and home environments. The different personality theories result to differences in internalization of the said standards that would result to differences between individuals in the event in which they ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was associated with various behaviors, including violence, impaired emotional regulation, and aggression, which are associated with criminal behavior. It is estimated that TBI affects 8.5 percent of the population, but the highest prevalence of TBI, which can be up to 60 percent, is recorded among prisoners (Williams, 2012). Because TBI is associated with elevating risk factors for offending behaviors, and because it mainly occurs during early stages of life, it is important to investigate clinical implications of treating TBI to reduce criminal behaviors that may be associated with previous brain injuries.

Literature Review

TBI is a form of ...

Stress is a common reaction of the body to situations that make us feel helpless or depressed and lose our mental strength is some or the other way. In the article “Health and wellbeing part 2: how to manage stress”, the author Sue Nash notifies that a person can be stressed when faced with problems, and stress can only increase is a person isolates from others and does not attempt to be with friends and talk. The clinical team is required to work together and support each other, and maintain a healthy relationship with the colleagues to avoid being stressed on job.
...

Parents are usually the most influential people in a child’s life. The involvement of a parent affects a child’s social and emotional development. Parents control the appropriate and inappropriate social behaviors that their children learn, such as self-control, empathy, cooperation, and respect for others. These being the case, a missing parent can negatively affects a child’s emotional and social development since there is only one parent doing the work of what many other children have two people engaging in completing. A disproportionate number of ethnic minority children of low socio-economic status live in single-parent households in the United States. According to ...

The article by Heyes (2012) makes significant discoveries on the cognitive abilities of humans as well as those of animals. In addition, the article provides an explanation of the similarities between the cognitive abilities of the animal as well as those of human beings. As a result, the article provides an explanation that assist understanding the minds of animals and their relation to that of human beings. Heyes uses a case study of the chimpanzees where she tries to explain the relationship between complex behavior and simple mindedness in the perspectives of associative blindness. The article provides an associative explanation, which ...

Introduction

Organizational behavior is actually a field of study, which investigates the impact that the individuals, the groups, and the structures have on the behavior within an organization for purpose of applying this type of knowledge towards improving the effectiveness of an organization. The concept of Leadership has essentially been a hot discussion topic for many millenniums. It is a current event that is directly related to the organizational behavior. The term leadership is defined in various ways. A definition that is widely accepted states that it is a characteristic which enables an individual to inspire a certain group to realize their common interest or ...

Nursing

1.) Title
The title of the article “Evaluation of Hand Washing Program for 2nd graders” describes the type of the study, the major variable and the population to which it applies. It can be inferred from the title that the purpose is to assess and evaluate the hand washing program for the second graders. However, the variable can be inferred from the behavior change and early interventions among children so that they will develop the hand washing as a well-practiced habit (Tousman, Arnold, Helland, Roth, Heshelman, Castaneda, Fischer, O'Neil, & Bileto, 2007).
2.) Research/Aim
A. The purpose of ...

Jim Madison exemplifies situational leadership style. In situational leadership, the leaders’ depend on various situation aspects. When making decision, the leader does not just use a single style. Factors affecting situational decisions comprise of followers motivation and capabilities. In turn, this is affected by factors within a certain situation. Another factor affecting the behavior of a leader is the relationship between followers and the leader. The perception of the leader towards a certain follower affects what they do rather than the situation truth. The perception of the leader on themselves together with other factors as well modifies the behavior of the leader.
...

According to the John Locke, education is an important aspect to our life. This is because having an educated society leads to a developed nation. There has been development in education currently as we can gain knowledge from different centuries and studies abroad. Every individual is therefore entitled to education since every citizen has a duty to improve and support his/her country. Therefore, John Lock, in his article, “Some thought concerning education” expresses his desires concerning education to parents. He gives his thought concerning education and it’s important in child-rearing to parents. This paper therefore explains what we should do ...

Research Methods in Human Development:

“Child Care and the Development of Behavior Problems among Economically Disadvantaged Children in Middle Childhood”
Child Care and the Development of Behavior Problems among Economically Disadvantaged Children in Middle Childhood: A Review
The peer-reviewed article is the work of Votruba-Drzal et al. (2010). The focus of the study is to determine whether the level of childcare quality is interrelated to the development of behavioral problems among economically disadvantaged children in middle childhood (Votruba-Drzal et al., 2010). According to the thesis statement in the article, when a child transitions into formal schooling, indications of lower behavioral problem and better ...

Few of the founding fathers generate such polarizing attitudes as John Adams. Viewpoints on him vary widely, as we will see in this paper. We will review two different articles dealing with perspectives on John Adams, mainly during his diplomatic period in Europe during the Revolutionary War. As we will see, some see his moves during this period as a sign of weakness, indeed possibly of serious illness; others see his bold and perhaps precarious actions as a necessary brinksmanship that shaped the course of the American Revolution and world events.
In “John Adams’ Health Reconsidered” by Ferling and Braverman ( ...

In the article Can Jury Trial Survive Google?, the author Caren Myers Morrison (2011) describes a budding problem in the American jury system and provides recommendations to address these problems.
According to Morrison (2011), the jurors’ misuse of technology is negatively affecting their impartiality, which is supposed to ensure the fairness of trials. Because of the accessibility of information via the Internet and because of the ease of communication that technology affords, more and more jurors are engaging in behaviors that compromise their impartiality towards the cases that they’re hearing.
In particular, Morrison (2011) identifies four ways ...

In chapter 7 Cooper explores the relationship between ethics and organizational structures and norms. The chapter carries on from the explanations provided in chapter six by the author over the need to create a balance between internal and external control mechanisms. Cooper explores how organizational norms and structures can significantly contribute to the ineffectiveness of established controls, especially external controls. In fact, in a way, Cooper argues that some of these occurrences usually denote the conflict between internal and external controls; with norms and organizational structure forming a significant part of controls that help towards ensuring that administrators engage in ethical conduct ( ...

Institutional

Key Points from Cooper reading
The chapter 7 in cooper’s book examines the problem associated with upholding responsible behavior in the context of a manager. Firstly, Cooper broadens the chapter by widening the irresponsible behavior to comprise the traditional immoral conduct and the intentional poor work performance. Secondly, the chapter also focuses on the conflict that occurs between the internal and external controls as the major causes of the irresponsible behavior. Finally, the chapter also discusses on the major elements of the ethical conduct, and Cooper identifies four major elements that constitute ethical conduct.
The first element ...

Conduct of employees in an organization is of great importance for the success of that organization. Organizations should therefore make sure that employees are aware of how they should conduct themselves in the working environment. This avoids conflicts in the organization and employees are able to work together to achieve set objectives. According to the article ‘Three Home-Run Ethics Training Strategies You’re Neglecting,’ organizations should provide a guide on the conduct of employees in employment environment. This should be through training that should be conducted after employment. This is important in that if this is not done, employees are ...

Article review: Micro-moments, choice and responsibility in sustainable organizational change and transformation: The Janus dialectic.

The authors are forthright in stating the purpose of the paper as to examine and elaborate the crucial role in organizations of micro-moments in organizational transformation process. This objective of the paper is clearly reviewed across the paper as the author seeks to justify the implications to the sustainability of an organization during the change process. It is pertinent to note that the title of the article fails to acknowledge the center of the implications of the change process which the author claims to be the behavior exhibited across an organization. Both authors have a broad research scope with each ...

The article entitled “Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior” written by Amy Chua and published online in The Wall Street Journal proffered pertinent issues relative to the alleged superiority of Chinese mothers in raising their children. Chua contended that Chinese parents apply a significantly anti-thetical parenting style, as compared to Western parents, that focuses on three perspectives: (1) not being overly anxious on the children’s self-esteem; (2) believing that children owe parents everything; and (3) parents know what is best for their children and therefore decide for them, especially to the extent that children’s preferences and desires are overridden. ...

The use of game theory in international politics is not a new thing. It has been used for a long time and hence very popular (Duncan, 26). The reappearance of the theory is due to its use in the economies of international politics as well as its function in the analysis of the strategies used by military in dealing with political issues. However the game theory does not give weight to the economic status of the military during analysis .Instead, it focuses on how states understand their own politics (Duncan, 31).This one weakness the theory has. One cannot understand the ...

Pickard (2011) looks at what personality (PD) disorder is. In doing so, she first looks at the definition, where the condition is defined as a pattern of behavior which significantly varies with the expectations of an individual’s culture. It can be manifested through a combination of two or more factors manifestations which include affectivity or the insensibility, range, liability and appropriateness of emotional response. There is also the cognitive aspect which includes the manner in which people interprets himself, other people and events. The third aspect involves the interpersonal functioning which is the relationship between an individual and other people. ...

Surveillance can be an effective tool for social control, no matter what the environment. The reason for that is we all behave differently when we believe we are or are not being watched. For example, we might feel free to play “air guitar,” wildly rocking to the beat of a song on the radio when we are alone, but if we know someone is looking at us, we feel self-conscious, and all we might do is hum the tune or do nothing at all.
This behavior holds true, too, with regard to crime. On the simplest level, a burglar won’ ...

Analysis of Consumer Research

This paper is devoted to the critical review of the three articles related the theory of consumer compliance. The studies offered three different approaches to the issues raised. Empirical data was obtained with the help of in-depth interviews and secondary data analysis. Such a combination of the research methods helps saving time and cost while obtaining the information required for the analysis. Samples used in each research vary significantly as well as the goals of each research. However, they allow making conclusions regarding the goals set.
The following articles were proposed for analysis: “Gaining Compliance and Losing Weight: the ...

Article review

Sexual harassment is one of unethical practices that have been ignored for a long time. Management has however realized that this behavior is affecting the performance of activities in the work place in various ways. The article ‘organizational justice, sexual harassment’ by N. Cole has analyzed the ethical issue in detail. According to the article, workplace romance is an issue that has existed for a long period in history (Cole, 2009). However, this activity has always been done secretively. Recent studies have shown that work place romances are no longer secretive. They are done in public working environment going to an ...

Summary of Belk Case

The article illustrates that thoughtful recognition of variables for a given situation facilitates the process of understanding different behaviors shown by customers. The article addresses the importance of situation in buying decisions and it describes how same individual behave in entirely different ways towards same object under different conditions. The individual personality and the conditional variables modulate the choice and pattern of buying behavior. This article demonstrates that the concept of variable influence on buying patterns has never been addressed before and therefore the wide variation has been identified in the customers’ preferences. Specific time and space constitute a situation and ...

It is difficult to explain a complex phenomenon such as human behavior. However, if human behavior can be observed carefully from an objective position and understood for what it is, it can be possible to adopt a more sensible explanation. Various theorists have attempted to explain human behavior through scientific approaches, and B. F Skinner is one such theorist. For Skinner, all human behavior, both internal and external, can be explained by the environmental impacts produced. In any given situation, a behavior is followed by a consequence. The behavior is most likely to be repeated in future similar situations if the consequences are ...

Communications

Dyer and Harvey (1995) have written about reaching an atmosphere of constructive controversy to replace pretend agreement. Teams are a waste of time when team members only pretend to agree. Decisions made under false pretenses are not good decisions. The Abilene Paradox is an example of how four family members, while trying to please each other, agreed to an activity even though none of them really wanted to participate. In an organization the self-defeating results of a pretended agreement are the opposite of the goals desired. “The inability to manage agreement is a major source of dysfunction” which affects not only the ...

Ethics in leadership

The article in review is written by Professor Karen J. Thompson, Elizabeth C. Thach, and Melissa Morelli, both from the School of Business and Economics, Senoma State University. The article is an exploratory study designed with the aim of finding out which of the standard recommended standards for ethical leadership are actually being implemented by leaders as well as their organizations. From the interview conducted on one hundred and twenty eight leaders, the results revealed that majority of organizations do not work at implementing the recommended practices for promoting ethical employee behavior. In addition, significant percentage of leaders who ...