Introduction
In every country, literature is a sort of mirror that reflects all changes in society. The Shanghai Express by Zhang Henshui is a good example of Chinese literature and helps us to understand the nature of Chinese modernization. This social and psychological portrait of modern China pays special attention to the issues of gender, class, and modernization.
Modern and traditional China
Each country that has a period of modernization, experiences the same problem of the conflict between traditions and modern patterns. China's response to European model of modernization produced turmoil and chaos. China demonstrated the specificity of its national spirit and responded with feebleness. The author ...