The patient was a 24-year-old black male who was brought to the emergency room via an ambulance on June 21 at 03:50 pm. The report indicated that it was a pedestrian versus vehicle accident. The state of the patient reported included acute lung injury, pulmonary contusion, deep road rash extending over right side of axillary region to the abdomen, deep avulsion to the right hip area and exposed muscles. Trauma alert team and the respiratory therapist were called to the bedside. The patient developed respiratory failure and immediately was intubated by the respiratory therapist with an endotracheal tube size 7.5 mm. ...
Acidosis Case Studies Samples For Students
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- Sodium imbalance
The normal range for serum sodium levels in adults and older children is 137 to 145 millimoles per litre. A person with more than 145 millimoles of sodium per litre is said to have hypernatremia. A person with less than 137 millimoles per liter is said to have hyponatremia.
George’s sodium imbalance could be as a result of lung carcinoma which he suffers from. Lung carcinoma is known to cause syndrome of inappropriate anti diuretic hormone. This syndrome results in the abnormal secretion of anti-diuretic hormone. The increase in the levels of anti-diuretic hormone ...
Abstract
The rate of diabetes ketoacidosis complication is on the rise in line with the rate of population increase as well as urbanization all around the globe. Learning how to handle this complication and maintaining the blood glucose within the suitable levels is becoming a big challenge for those with diabetes, outlining the need of educating the patients as a modality for self-empowerment, treatment which is necessary for betterment of the quality of the lives of the patients. This paper seeks to analyze a patient’s condition and describe various factors that led to associated symptoms and the effects of those symptoms. The ...
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Cause of Ms. S’s Diabetic Ketosis Acidosis (DKA)
Ms. S’s Diabetic Ketosis Acidosis (DKA state is one of the most extremes of diabetic decompensation since it is associated with high mortality rate. The incidence of Ms. S’s DKA, usually, occurs at 4.6-8.0 per 1000 persons-year among the patients with diabetes. The pathogenesis of the condition occurs as a result of the abnormalities associated from the combination of relative or absolute insulin deficiency (Health & Medicine Week, 2014). When the level of insulin is deficient, the increased levels of glucagon cortisol and catecholamins will automatically stimulate hepatic glucose production through enhanced gloconeogenesis and increased glycogenolysis. The combined level ...
Written Case Study – Pathophysiology II
(Location of the University)
1. Describe the underlying pathology of COPD. What impacts do these pathological changes have on normal physiology? In particular, describe alveolar ventilation in a normal individual and discuss how this might be different in Mr Wenham. (20 marks)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or COPD is touted to be the third leading cause of death in the United States of America. In 2010, it has claimed the lives of 134,676 individuals (CDC 2013). By definition, COPD presents persistent blockage of airflow in the lungs — thus interfering normal breathing. Those afflicted with such condition generally ...
Describe the underlying pathology of COPD and the common pathological characteristics of the condition. Discuss the impact these pathological changes have on normal function, including how alveolar ventilation might be different in Mr Wenham compared to a normal individual.
The hallmark pathological attributes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are one, poorly reversible airflow obstruction and two, a progressive atypical inflammatory response within the lungs. The abnormal inflammatory response denotes the responses of the innate and adaptive immune systems to long-standing exposure to noxious gases and particles especially cigarette smoke. Notably, all cigarette smokers have some degree of inflammation ...
This paper addresses a pharmacological management plan for Mr. NX, including consideration of possible contraindications for CAMs, prescriptive and non-prescriptive recommendations for management of acute pain and other ongoing disease processes, followed by evaluation strategies.
Pharmacological Management Plan
CAMs Contraindicated with Current Prescriptions
The order of Mr. NX include drugs such Glyburide 3 mg daily with breakfast, Lisinopril 20 mg daily and Coumadin 5 mg daily. Glyburide is an oral anti-diabetic drug (mainly for diabetes type 2). Glyburide causes lactic acidosis and. Therefore, anything that may increase the risk of this side effect is contraindicated like in this case the use of ...
Based on the clinical vignette, it seems like PJ was trying to commit suicide either by benzodiazepine overdose or by consuming antifreeze. It looks like PJ tried to drink antifreeze based on the sweet smell on his breath in the emergency room. The active ingredient in antifreeze is ethylene glycol, which is a sweet-smelling alcohol. If PJ consumed the antifreeze, then that will explain that clinical finding. When ethylene glycol is oxidized by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), its metabolites become toxic and cause an anion gap acidosis and profound CNS depression (Fraser 242). Furthermore, these ethylene glycol metabolites can cause ...
Asthma is a chronic airway disease that is difficult to manage because of numerous risk factors and complicated by poor self-management. This is a case study of acute severe asthma triggered by viral respiratory infection and exercise in an Aboriginal female with chronic asthma. The discussion will include the diagnostic tests, patient assessment, care and interventions, medications, and nursing care performed or should have been performed. The expected outcomes will also be described.
An arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis was performed showing respiratory acidosis and mild hypoxaemia. Above normal PaCO2 and below normal pH meant the lungs could not eliminate carbon ...
J.K has acute kidney failure with Rhabdomyolysis. Acute kidney failure happens when the kidneys are suddenly not able to sift waste products from the blood. This results to accumulation of waste and affects the chemical balance of the blood. Rhabdomylosis is caused by skeletal muscles injury (Grau, Poch, &Bosch, 2009). The injury of the skeletal muscles results to the production of different intracellular muscle ingredients. In this case, J.K had an acute renal failure with Rhabdomyolysis because of cocaine and heroin use. Cocaine and heroin cause damage to myocyte. Damage to the myocyte leads to an entry of sodium ...
