Describe the underlying pathology of COPD and the common pathological characteristics of the condition. Discuss the impact these pathological changes have on normal function, including how alveolar ventilation might be different in Mr Wenham compared to a normal individual.
The hallmark pathological attributes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are one, poorly reversible airflow obstruction and two, a progressive atypical inflammatory response within the lungs. The abnormal inflammatory response denotes the responses of the innate and adaptive immune systems to long-standing exposure to noxious gases and particles especially cigarette smoke. Notably, all cigarette smokers have some degree of inflammation ...
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Essay Assignment
Essay Assignment
Abstract
In this paper, the aspect of disease development is focused in five sections. A critical review of various health conditions attempts to demystify some contingencies that are attributable to the disease process. This approach becomes integral in establishing causal explanations for various health derangements. It covers the aspects of bio scientific research used to create strategies that help in mitigating disease occurrence. The outcomes of this paper are relevant in the subject of managing diseases in human populations across the world.
Q1.
Dementia is a mental disorder that begets memory impairment and personality changes (Flicker, 1999). Alzheimer’ ...
Nutrition is an indispensable component of care. It is from food intake that the body obtains the micro and macro nutrients needed to maintain and improve health. Diet is also an area of regulation for the management of chronic diseases such as diabetes. Care plans focused on nutrition necessarily must be individualized to take into account unique needs arising from specific medical conditions, the client’s developmental stage, and cultural preferences. Developing a care plan entails evaluating for nutritional risk, defining the goals of nutrition therapy, identifying interventions and expected outcomes, implementing the interventions, providing education, and promoting safety.
Evaluation of Nutritional Risk
The ...
- Sodium imbalance
The normal range for serum sodium levels in adults and older children is 137 to 145 millimoles per litre. A person with more than 145 millimoles of sodium per litre is said to have hypernatremia. A person with less than 137 millimoles per liter is said to have hyponatremia.
George’s sodium imbalance could be as a result of lung carcinoma which he suffers from. Lung carcinoma is known to cause syndrome of inappropriate anti diuretic hormone. This syndrome results in the abnormal secretion of anti-diuretic hormone. The increase in the levels of anti-diuretic hormone ...
1.Diaphoresis is a medical condition of the body that an individual often sweats because of a drug side effect or symptom of a disease. Motor dysfunction has associations with the nerve and muscle center responsible for movement; this term defines the improper functioning of the muscle. Cyanosis is a condition related to the low supply of oxygen in the blood where the skin color of an individual as well as mucous membranes appears to have purple or blue coloration. The peripheral nerve connects the central nervous system and the brain to the entire body neurons; any damage or pressure ...
What are three major causes of chronic bronchitis?
The three major causes of chronic bronchitis are cigarette smoking, long time exposure to air pollutants (such as industrial or chemical fumes), and inhalation of toxic gasses (Madell, 2016).
What are the major pathologic airway changes are associated with chronic bronchitis?
Chronic bronchitis is the condition affecting human beings that cause a continuous irritation and inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tube. Bronchial tubes are airways that carry air to and from the lungs. Exposure to cigarette smoke, air pollutants, or toxic chemicals causes a persistent cough that leads to the formation of excessive amounts of sticky mucus in the airways that result in inflammation and fibrosis. The mucus blocks ...
The university is in to contract with Tenex Company where the company supplies the University with stock tab paper. When they entered into the contract, the company was to supply stock tab paper on a fixed price basis. Now that the prices for the stock tab paper have gone up, Tenex approaches the University's purchasing department so that they can go to a guaranteed margin approach as opposed to what they had agreed earlier, fixed price. The university's purchasing department responds to the Company (supplier) reminding them that the case would have been different had the prices gone down. ...
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[Date Appears here]
QUESTION 1:
PART A:
Based on the information provided by the client about her medications are complete with few exceptions. The client mentioned that she is taking furosemide 40mg twice a day and then mentioned that she is taking lasix 60mg once a day in the morning. It is noteworthy that lasix and furosemide are one and the same thing and lasix is only the generic name for furosemide which is a loop diuretic. Therefore, patient is at risk of developing volume depletion ...
“Issue #20: Is Now the Time for Reparations for African Americans?”
Introduction
The question of reparations to African Americans owing to slavery, lost opportunities, and state-enforced segregation has been long unresolved. The issue keeps emerging into the realms of national debate. The American psyche would not be healed till the time the question of reparations to African Americans is laid to rest, one way or the other.
Arguments for Reparations
Robert Allen, Adjunct Professor for African American Studies at the University of Berkeley, lends his voice in favor of reparations for African Americans. Allen is the editor of the Black Scholar journal and has written eight books covering the odyssey of the ...
Alberto, age 55, was brought to the emergency department of a regional medical center by his brother-in-law. Alberto is pacing, demanding, agitated, and speaking vociferously. “I did not wish to come here! My brother-in-law is simply jealous and he is trying to make me appear like I am suffering from some sort of insanity!” Alberto’s treatment is financially subsidized by his brother in law. Alberto will undergo a maximum of 8 sessions at 2 hours each session. The session will start on June 25, 2014.
Presenting Problem
Alberto is a 55-year-old man who was brought to the emergency department of a regional medical center ...
- PESTEL Strength and Weaknesses
In the fast growing business environment the role of MNC’s has become more important and the target markets are considered to be the developing economies, which bring a great opportunity and motives for international corporations to expand and aggressively grow the market size in a short period of time. Although the incentives and growing needs of population implement the huge needs and more prospects in emerging markets, it is however, becoming more complicated for Multinationals or any other businesses to target the right sized market and make a segmentation of right population. These and more ...
1. Summary of the Case Study
Rich Ferlauto, Director of Corporate Governance and Pension Investment, states that their main objective is identifying new ways of corporate governance that involves the imbalance of power between the board members and the shareholders, and gets that imbalance accepted by other investors. Once the company is identified, they make sure that they get an appropriate response. Rich Ferlauto sought a proposal in the spring of 2007 to give a yearly advisory vote on the compensation of executives. As a director of the monetary funds in the American State, he was responsible for keeping the pension ...
Question 1.
- Location of pain, intensity and duration of pain can be misleading. Various causes of acute abdomen include appendicitis cholecystitis, hernia and other gynecological causes may be difficult to distinguish and diagnose.
- Uncertainty of diagnosis and difficulty to identify abdominal pathology owing to the many organs within the abdominal viscera. An examiner will occasionally miss a diagnosis by mistaking the affected organ with an adjacent organ.
- Pregnancy – pregnant women are usually difficult to examine per abdomen owing to the physical and physiological changes e.g. enlarged uterus.
- Small children might be difficult to examine – they ...
A decade ago, the idea that medical procedures might move offshore was unthinkable. Today it is a reality. What trends have facilitated this process?
The idea of medical procedures moving offshore is a reality because the United States is experiencing shortages of their radiologists and their doctors, whose responsibilities entail reading and interpreting dissimilar medical images including the X-rays, CT scans as well as the ultra sounds. This is so because the sector is experiencing high demands of radiologists compared to the rate at which the radiologists are graduating from the medical schools. Therefore, the existing imbalance has enabled the ...