Acetylcholine College Essays Samples For Students

Myasthenia gravis

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antibodies, which are directed against nicotinic acetylcholine postsynaptic receptors located at the neuromuscular junction. This leads to a gradual decrease in the number of acetylcholine receptors at the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction. There are two different variants of myasthenia gravis, which include the ocular myasthenia gravis and the generalized form of myasthenia gravis. The result of the reduction in the number of acetylcholine receptors lead to a concomitant reduction in the muscle strength (Paul, 2000). However, there is recovery of the muscle strength resting it for some time (Kulkantrakon & Jarungkiatkul, 2010), ( ...

What is nicotine?

Tobacco that basically comes from the plant known as nicotiana tabacum has been utilized for many years. It can be chewed, sniffed, or smoked. The initial depiction of tobacco addiction is contained in a New World report in which Spanish armed forces said that they were unable to quit smoking. Initially, nicotine was being used as an insecticide with its analogs still being used as insecticides currently (Yamamoto & Casida, 1999).
When isolation of nicotine from tobacco leaves was performed in the year 1828, scientists started researching its impacts on the body as well as brain. This research ultimately demonstrated ...

2. Neurodegenerative disease resulting in mental and intellectual decline (alz.org).
3. Most common cause of dementia and progressively worsens leading to patient’s death.
4. Symptoms
a. Memory loss (alz.org).
b. Inability to solve daily tasks and problems
c.Confusion about place and time
d. Depression and social withdrawal
- Causes of AD
- i. Presence of Amyloid peptide oligomers and neurofibrillary tangles that result in damage and death of neurons.(Gravitz, 2011)
ii. Inherent Genetic predisposition. (APOE) allele 4, GSK3 and TREM2 are part of gene clusters associated with AD ( ...

- Some individuals are born with a hole between the two sides of their heart this means that blood can mix between the left and right sides of the heart. Explain why this is a problem and types of symptoms this person might exhibit?
The problem with hole between the two sides is the mixing of the blood, which then raises the pressure in the lungs. The result is that there is reduced oxygen in the blood that goes into the body. Symptoms may include difficulty in breathing, short breath and respiratory infections in children.
- Cholesterol can build ...

Introduction: Smoking is a learned habit that has existed in the society for long. This allows us to understand how the habit affects health and wellbeing both in the short term and in the long term. This injurious habit of smoking has taken a commonplace in our culture. Tobacco, the key ingredient in cigarettes, is the leading cause of avoidable illness in the world. A person who smokes 2 packs of cigarette per day, spends ~ 3-4 hours per day on smoking and inhales 1000mg of tar each day. The health care cost is several times higher for smokers when ...

Question 1

The cerebellum is an essential part of the neuromuscular system in that it plays major roles in the timing of muscular activities and the smooth progression of one muscular movement to the next. The summary of how this is done is that it sequences all the muscular activities necessary for a particular movement, and then makes corrective adjustments as necessary when the movement is being executed so that they conform to the motor impulses being generated by the cerebral cortex and other significant parts of the central nervous system (Ganong, 2005).
For instance, for an individual holding a cup and ...

Quit Smoking

Many smokers find it hard to quit smoking because many parts of the brain function in a way that reinforces smoking (Noonan, 2011). In particular, nicotine, which is the cigarette’s main active component, “acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain” (Noonan, 2011) where the absence of nicotine would cause increased appetite, lack of attention, difficulty in sleeping, irritability, and a craving for cigarettes.

These nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are present in the neurons that are responsible for releasing the neurotransmitter dopamine from the VTA (ventral tegnantal area) into the NAc (nucleus accunbens) where the pathway that the dopamine passes through ...

Background

Asthma is a chronic disease associated with inflammation of the lining of airway and obstruction of lung airflow. It usually involves an increase in the number of inflammatory cells, most commonly eosinophils and to some extent basophils, mast cells, macrophages. (Eds. Brunton, et al., 2009) Asthma, together with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), is considered as one ofthe most common obstructive lung diseases characterized by expiratory airflow obstruction. (eds. Longo, et al., 2012)
An asthmatic patient usually presents with recurrent events of shortness of bright (SOB), chest tightness, and wheezing, “a high-pitched whistling sound when breathing caused by movement of ...

Alzheimer's disease

Undeniably, a number of people at one stage in their lives experience mental health problems. Often, mental illnesses are purported to be forms of intellectual disabilities while, in the real sense, they are illnesses just like any other, such as tuberculosis. Health problems, affecting a person’s behaviour, feelings, and mutual interaction with others are what constitute a mental illness. Alzheimer’s disease is one of the common forms of mental illnesses, which affects the brain and causes thinking, memory and behavioural problems (George, 2006). The disease is usually diagnosed amongst the elderly i.e. Persons aged above sixty-five years, although it does ...