The anatomy and physiology of the periodontium in humans will be described in details as regards to the relationship which exist between the natural dentition, jaws and the oral environment. Science has helped to explore different aspects of the tissues that make up the periodontium which are the gingiva, cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. These structures all work together to make a strong supporting apparatus for the teeth that is either in function or in occlusion.
The main other function of the periodontium apart from supporting the teeth is to protect and provide nourishment to the teeth. The tissues ...
Alveolar College Essays Samples For Students
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Introduction
Biochemistry is the study of composition, structure and the chemical reactions taking place in living organisms. Dental biochemistry is the study of the composition, structure and chemical reactions taking place in teeth (Chary & Sharma 2004). The teeth form the sensitive part of the human being. The teeth enhance the looks of a human being and it is also for eating. When the dental formula of a human being is correct, the confidence to talk improves unlike when the dental formula is not proper. When care is not taken, the teeth will contact diseases. There are various causes of the diseases in ...
Background
Asthma is a chronic disease associated with inflammation of the lining of airway and obstruction of lung airflow. It usually involves an increase in the number of inflammatory cells, most commonly eosinophils and to some extent basophils, mast cells, macrophages. (Eds. Brunton, et al., 2009) Asthma, together with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), is considered as one ofthe most common obstructive lung diseases characterized by expiratory airflow obstruction. (eds. Longo, et al., 2012)
An asthmatic patient usually presents with recurrent events of shortness of bright (SOB), chest tightness, and wheezing, “a high-pitched whistling sound when breathing caused by movement of ...
Introduction:
Carbon dioxide is generated through cell metabolism that takes place in the mitochondria. Carbon dioxide amount that is produced is dependent on the metabolism rate as well as on the relative carbohydrate, protein and fat amount being metabolized. The amount of carbon dioxide produced at rest is usually about 200 ml per minute eating a mixed diet (Arthurs &Sudhakar 2005). Carbon dioxide is one of the main products that are released following metabolism and the level of it in the body is highly regulated. This paper aims at discussing the production and transport of carbon dioxide from the cells through ...
Coursename
Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a disorder which was first described in 1967. It is one of the most severe and dangerous respiratory system disorders, which is still despite advances of the modern medicine, is associated with high mortality. It may be caused by direct (pneumonia, aspiration, toxic substances inhalation) or indirect lung injury (severe hemorrhage, burns, sepsis, trauma, blood transfusions) (York and Kane 153-158).
Under the influence of the above-written factors in the pulmonary capillaries and interstitial lung tissue accumulates a large number of activated leukocytes and platelets that secrete many biologically active substances. These substances include ...
Chapter 1
- MacNeilage’s quotation can be associated with the physical adaptation source out of the four sources because MacNeilage speaks about the other mammalian activities and considers speech to be very similar to chewing, licking and sucking.
- The beginning of the language is based on the natural sounds. All the onomatopoeic words like (bow-wow, cuckoo, bang, splash, rattle, hiss, boom) to name a few echo naturally and the earlier words are the imitations of the natural sounds heard by the ancient people around them.
- When humans speak they make sounds either by inhaling or exhaling breath. ...
As incremental exercise progresses, the lower lobe of the lung exhibits an increase in alveolar PO2, a decrease in alveolar PCO2, and a marked increase in mixed venous PCO2. During exercise, the ventilation rates increase gradually from resting values of around 5-6 liters per minute to over 100 liters per minute. On average, the rate of oxygen consumption is 250ml per minute but as during high intensity exercise, this can go up to 5000ml per minute. Increased pulmonary ventilation triggers a subsequent rise in the tidal volume of the lungs and respiratory rate hence more oxygen is taken into the alveoli. The ...