A schema describes a pattern of thought that is organized or behavior that categorizes information and relationships between them. All cognitive processes can be divided into two categories, that is, automatic and controlled processes. An automatic process is normally unintentional and involuntary in nature while controlled processes are intentional, effortful and can be constrained by resources available at the moment.
The two processes have several benefits. Schema allows people to relate the present occurrences to the past due to the fact that schema helps to categorize information. Schema also helps people to make sense out of some unfamiliar stimuli ...