Bladder College Essays Samples For Students

1.0 Introduction
Many sports played across the world that involves throwing, hitting and kicking are done so using a ball. However, many parameters such as humidity, materials of manufacture of the ball, size of the ball, etc. control the movement of the ball in air. Research on golf balls and tennis balls reveal their aerodynamic properties and the various parameters affecting their flight. The effect of seams on a baseball on the flight has been evaluated along with the relationship between rotation and lateral forces (Watts & Sawyer 1987). Similar studies have also been conducted on cricket balls, rugby balls, volleyballs ...

Learner's Full Name

Assignment Title
Effects of Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Rates
Smoking is injurious to health and causes numerous deaths every year. In the United States along lung cancer mortality rates have been estimated to be around 100 men per 100000 aged between 50 and 54 (.Numerous research articles, funded studies and an extensive body of epidemiological data links cigarette smoking to a wide variety of cancers. Long time smokers have been found to suffer from cancers of the lung, head and neck, urinary tract, pancreas and the bladder. Other studies on smoking related cancers have also found that smoking can ...

Introduction

Urinary incontinence (UI) is the involuntary loss of urine from the bladder (Keilman, 2010). The International Continence Society (ICS) defines the condition as a complaint of involuntary leakage of urine (Abrams, 2002). The involuntary leakage may range from just a few drops to total emptying of the bladder. It can severely, adversely affect a person’s quality of life (QoL) (McCarthy, 2009).

Prevalence and Impact of UI

UI is a debilitating condition and can be quite distressful. The condition becomes more prevalent as the population ages; therefore, extremely common among the elderly (Abrams, 2002). UI is also twice more common in women than in men and has a prevalence ...

1. Motor pathways: Briefly describe important differences between the lateral and the medial (motor) systems

ANSWER:

The motor system is the corticospinal tract. The lateral part of the corticospinal tract decussates while the medial part does not. The lateral corticospinal tract controls limb muscles while the medial corticospinal tract controls the axial and trunk muscles. The lateral corticospinal tract carries contralateral fibers from the cerebral cortex to supply the limb muscles while the medial corticospinal tract carries ipsilateral fibers from the cerebral cortex to supply the axial and trunk muscles.

2. What is the main function of the basal ganglia?

ANSWER:

...

Introduction

The urinary system is the filter mechanism used for flushing out toxic wastes and excess water out of the human body. Consisting of the two kidneys, the bladder, ureters and the urethra, the urinary system helps not only in discharging wastes from the body but also helps in regulating blood pressure and blood volume. The kidneys are two bean shaped organs positioned near the middle of the back on both sides of the spinal column. The kidneys produce urine by processing around 200 quarts of blood every day, and the amount of urine varies among individuals depending on the ...

Obstetrics and Gynecology

The Genitourinary system consists of the urinary tract and reproductive organs. Diseases that affect this system are a variety of conditions that can affect people of all ages. Urologic diseases affect specific organs in males and in females – the urinary tract in females and urinary tract or reproductive organs in males (O'Connell, 2016).
Some of the most common diseases include Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Urinary Incontinence and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). UTI basically occurs when bacteria invades the urinary system and infects any part of the system although the bladder and urethra are the most commonly affected parts. Women ...

Reducing CAUTI through the Houdini Protocol

A. Identification of the Clinical Issue
Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is defined as “a urinary tract infection in a patient who had an indwelling urinary catheter in place at the time of or within 48 hours prior to infection onset” (Amalaradjov & Venkitanarayanan, 2013, p. 357). CAUTI is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) second only to surgical site infections. The most important risk factor to CAUTI is prolonged catheterization. CAUTI is a clinical issue that applies to nursing in the medical-surgical unit as many patients in this setting are catheterized for indications such as surgery, urinary retention, ...

Prognostic Cancer Biomarkers

The genetic diversity associated with cancer cells are shocking huge; and identifying a suitable prognostic marker is a real challenge. Prognostic cancer markers aims to evaluate objectively a patient’s overall outcome, response to treatment and chances of cancer recurrence. Prognostic markers can also help to select patients for a particular treatments and help predict the beneficial effect of the therapy. DNA, RNA, epigenetic patterns, signaling pathways, proteins, and metabolic biomolecules have been used as prognostic cancer markers. (Mehta et al., 2010)

Given below are few prognostic biomarkers commonly used in cancer medicine:

1. Beta tubulin: Beta tubulin regulates microtubule assembly in the cell. Class III tubulin are expressed by tumor of both neuronal ...

This is the discussion of the results of the anatomy of the urinary system. The report analyses the structure and functions of various organs and cells that are involved in the excretion of toxic material from the body.

Simple cuboidal epithelium of the kidney the

The epithelial cells: are uni-layered, they are square in shape. The nucleus is placed at the centre of theses tissues. They have Squamous cells that are plate like. They appear very thin.
Surface epithelium: have different surface proteins. Facilitate absorption and transportation of filtered materials in the kidney tubes.

Transitional Epithelium of the Bladder

ct = connective tissuelu = lumenrbc = red blood cell (stained bright pink in ...

Urinary Tract Infections

Introduction
Microbes such as bacteria, fungi and viruses are known to be the leading causes of infection. An infection of the urinary tract is associated with the urine formation system. The tract is colonized by several health bacteria. Infective ones are quickly eliminated from the system when available. The parts of the system that can be infected are the bladder a disease called cystitis. Urethritis affects the urethra, and the kidney is pyelonephritis which is caused by the diffuse spread of infectious organisms into the kidneys (Rechtsteiner & Schappert, 2006). The bacteria E. Coli is the primary cause of UTIs. ...

The case study presented here demonstrates a clear diagnosis of Benign Prostratic Hypertrophy or BPH.

Pathophysiology: The disease condition known as benign hypertrophy of the prostate usually develops initially in the transition zone of the periurethral region of prostate. This zone usually consists of separate lobules of tissues lying external to the sphincter. Majority of ducts of the transitional zone of urethra lie on the lateral part of urethral wall. It is important to note that it is the point of urethral angulation near verumontanum. Near the origin of this transition zone, there are glands of periurethral region. These are usually confined in the preprostatic opening. According to a renowned researcher, majority of the ...

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Urinary System

Kidneys are the main organs of the urinary system that filter around 200 liters of blood and purify it through excreting excessive water, toxins, electrolytes and metabolic wastes that assist in maintaining body’s fluid equilibrium. The other components of the urinary system are ureters, urethra and urinary bladder (Marieb & Hoehn, 2003).
The urinary system can be differentiated into main four parts, kidney, bladder, ureters, and urethra. Kidneys are secured by the tri-layered arrangement that includes an outer renal fascia composed of fibrous connective tissues, a middle ...

The fish family includes sharks, whales, hagfish, and lungfish among others. Fish are water vertebrates and can exist in both fresh water and salt water depending on their adaptability. All fish are aquatic, and they survive by breathing oxygen that is dissolved in water. The two primary groups of fish include bony fish and cartilaginous fish. The aquatic habitat and environment are what determine the ecological structure of the fish. The entire system in which the fish lives is what is referred to as the fish ecology. Fish thrive well on sea nutrients, which are found at the bottom ...

A folay catheter can be described as a thin, sterile, and partially flexible tube that is inserted in the urinary tract to assist in the collection of urine from the bladder (Vlock, 2014). This function is considered vital in body operations as the lack of removal of urine from the body has potentially devastating effects, such as kidney failure, that occurs as a result of the urine retracting back to the kidney hence making it highly susceptible to causing damage.
As a result, the use of catheter is considered significant, especially for patients who have undergone surgery around prostate ...

Digestion is the mechanical and chemical break down of large food particles to smaller molecules that can be taken up into the blood (Winfred, 2005). The breakdown of large food starts in the mouth, through chewing, and goes all the way to the anus. The presence of saliva in the mouth that contains saliva amylase helps mechanical breakdown of food into bolus. The bolus then enters the stomach through the esophagus by a wavelike movement called peristalsis to the stomach. The churning of food and mixing of food begins in the stomach where both hydrochloric acid and gastric juice are ...

Urinary diversions are ways of releasing urine from a patient’s body when they cannot urinate following a malfunction in the urinary system. The two general forms of diversions include incontinent and continent urinary diversions. The following is a further explanation as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure.
Incontinent Urinary Diversion is an old form of tract reconstruction. Blake et al. (2010) present it as the quickest and simplest form of urinary diversions due to its familiarity across many urologists and other physicians. In this procedure, urologists harvest a section of the small intestine, attach a ...

Urinary tract infection (UTI) due to catheter usage is a common nosocomial infection that results to discomfort to the patient, activity restriction, and delay in hospital discharges. Added to these, it is an added medical expense to the patient’s own pocket because Medicare and other Medicaid Services have decided to stop reimbursing hospitals for the additional expense of caring for inpatients with catheter-associated urinary tract infection(CAUTI) (Sanjay et al, 2009).
Thus, I am proposing Michigan Health and Hospital Association (MHA) Keystone Center’s “ABCDE” approach on preventing CAUTI(Sanjay, et al, 2009):

A- adherence to strategies that help prevent infections such as proper education, hand washing and use of aseptic techniques

bladder ultrasound could be ...

[Institution Title]
The following bulleted points were drawn from the Genitourinary Clinical Case which involved the 60 year old male patient complaining of decrease urinary flow.
- Patient has been experiencing the physical symptoms for two years but waited until the severity of the condition became intolerable.
- This particular health behavior requires NIC 4360 Behavior Modification. Delaying medical attention can only further aggravates the condition which can become fatal if neglected.
- Patient also complains about noctria or increased urination. To address this issue, patient is recommended to 0570 Urinary Bladder Training so patient ...

A time has come whereby, I as the video reporter will embark on an exciting voyage piloting a mini sub in the process of miniaturization. In this journey, I and my sub are 8 microns long. This man hungrily sips the beer swallowing me and my associates. In this trip, I am tasked to describe the process of digestion of the consumed carbohydrates, proteins and fats. When we reach the distal ileum, we will enter the blood stream via the mucosal membrane through the superior Mesenteric vein. After getting into the blood stream, we will proceed with our journey to ...

Spina bifida is a birth defect involving the incomplete development of the spinal cord or its coverings. Normally, it occurs towards the end of the first pregnancy a time when both sides of the embryo’s spine do not succeed to join together thereby resulting in an open area. There are also cases when the other membranes or the spinal cord may push through this opening in the back. This condition however is detectable before the baby is born and it can be treated right away. It is the most common of a group of defects known as neural tube defects which ...

Introduction

Nurses are responsible for the delivery of safe, effective, efficient, timely and patient centered health care services. The first step in delivering health care services is identifying the actual health problems a patient has and potential health care complication the patient will likely have based on the patients health history and the current conditions. In this report, nursing problems are stated for the case of a geriatric patient recovering from a TURP operation. Possible interventions to arrest the identified problems and evaluation of their effectiveness in keeping with the clinical reasoning model are evaluated.
TURP is commonly used to benign prostatic ...

A Journey through the Digestive, Circulatory and Urinary Systems

My Fantastic Voyage: A Journey through the Digestive, Circulatory and Urinary Systems
My journey begins with the ingestion of a cheeseburger, fries, and root beer by a 55 year old man. I begin my trip in the gastrointestinal tract. While in the mouth, the food is masticated by the teeth and combined with saliva to moisten the bolus and begin digestion. Salivary amylase begins the breakdown of starches into smaller sugars and salivary lipase begins breaking down the fats (“Saliva,” 2013). We are then swallowed and peristalsis moves us down the esophagus towards the stomach (University of Leicester, 2001).
...

Patient initials: MK Age: 60 Sex: M

Care Plan
Subjective
MK, the patient presents with a chief complaint of decreased urinary flow but has also had troublesome nocturia for the last two weeks as well as significant terminal dysuria.
History of present illness: Patients states that in the past day he has had significant difficulties especially in starting his urine flow and this has affected his ability to enrage in normal daily activities. Patient denies radiating pain.
Patient history: Patient has had a history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, costochondritis, as well as suspected angina characterized by chest wall syndrome which was however treated.

Significant family history: There is also a probable positive family history for cardiovascular or heart diseases

Objective:
Patient is a ...

Care Plan

Subjective
The patient presents at the clinic complaining of nocturia, decreased urinary flow, decreased flow as well as terminal dysuria. TG states that the symptoms have been persistent for the last two years but the last two weeks have seen a significant increase in intensity of the symptoms. TG denies any case or instance of radiated pain within the period of two weeks,

Objective:

60 year old, Hispanic male

Vital signs: BP at 140/92;

Pulse rate: 80;
Temperature: 99.0
Weight = 200 pounds; height = 71”, BMI = 27.9

Patient Hx for hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, costochondritis, suspected angina, possible family history of heart disease in the family

Patient denies any use of alcohol, tobacco, or drug abuse
Current medication list: Cardizem 240mg QD and Zocor 20mg ...

Abstract

Long-term care is rendered to people with varying levels of functional deficit. Depending on the type of the disability and the status of the wellbeing of the long-term care user, the needs vary. Some long-term care users need minimal assistance while others need maximum assistance. Long-term care is meant to help people with functional deficits to live a comfortable life as much as possible. There are various levels of long-term care options that people should select according to their needs. They include among others; nursing home, home care, home health care, assisted living facility, and community-based care settings. Each ...

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CHOLELITHIASIS:

PATIENT FACTOR; GENDER:
Cholelithiasis is a gall bladder disease in which there is the presence of gall stones. Generally, females, as a gender, are particularly more vulnerable to acquire this disease especially in their fertile years. According to Völzke et al. (2005), female gender is one of the most authentically established risk factor for gall stones. It is a non-modifiable risk factor in females of reproductive age. According to Heuman (2015), the reason for this disease to commonly occur in females is thought to be due ...

Question 1

Introduction
A routine assessment of a client is a process through which a trained nurse conducts a health assessment on a patient through interviews, general observation, physical exam, vital signs and assessment of all the body systems (Robert, Morrow, Maben, Griffiths, & Callard, 2011). I conducted a health assessment on Mr. M who came to the hospital with complains of sudden onset of shaking chills, shortness of breath, night sweats, chest pain and cough. The patient was admitted to the medical ward with a diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia.
I conducted the health assessment on Mr. M while in his ward bed during my routine ...

Abstract

Urinary tract infections, abbreviated as UTIs, are bacterial infections that are very common in people who reside in the nursing home of South Florida. Recurrence of UTIs in the nursing homes is very common, and 50% of women or men experience recurrence of the infection within six weeks therapy time. It becomes challenging to diagnose the UTIs in nursing homes because residents do not present genitourinary symptoms. The administration of antibiotics enhances occurrence re-infection with the organisms that are resistant and adverse effect of drugs. More research is significant on diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infection among the ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

Midlife, or the age between 35 and 55, can be a complicated time for a woman. As a female enters these years, sometimes it can be difficult to navigate the waters because the things that once made her happy are no longer available, or as satisfying. This can be confusing. Other things that she never enjoyed before may be cast in a new light, and be even more enjoyable than the female ever thought possible. There may be complicated feelings about life satisfaction, which can lead to new discoveries or depression. The female may attempt sexual exploration as her body continues to mature, ...

Acrylamide is a substance that has the molecular formula of C3H5NO. The chemical acrylamide also is designated as prop- 2- amide. Acrylamide is a crystalline odorless white substrate that is soluble in chloroform, ether, ethanol and water. Acrylamide becomes decomposed in the presence of iron salts, iron, oxidizing agents, bases and acids. Acrylamide deconstructs into ammonia, carbon monoxide and nitrous oxides (European Food Safety Authority 1; Gilbert & Maurissen 32; Grob et al. 187; Lawley et al. 340; Mattram et al. 449; National Cancer Institute 1; Skog & Viklund 365; Zhang & Chen 7).

BACKGROUND

Acrylamide is a chemical substance that is applied in specific manufacturing ...

[Institution Title]
The 60 year old male patient was the subject of this Genitourinary Clinical Case. The patient sought medical attention after experiencing severe discomfort from experiencing noctoria and slow urinary stream. Patient also becomes concern when his symptoms became worst from almost two years of enduring similar yet less severe symptoms.
- As verbalized, patient reports that he had been experiencing the similar physical symptoms for past two years. However, the symptoms were less severe as this attack.
- Patient had to wait until the symptoms becomes too unbearable before he sought medical attention.
...

People know the story of Typhoid Mary. According to newspapers and books written on Mary Mallon, the woman caused a typhoid outbreak in the United States. The outbreak happened in the 1900s and three people, out of the fifty-four Mary infected, died (Brooks 916). Mary Mallon was a cook in many the homes of some of the rich people in those days. In fact, her work at a rich man’s house led to the discovery that she is a carrier of Salmonella Typhi, the bacterium that causes typhoid (Brooks 916). The discovery happened because one of the children in the house tested ...

The opening line of Elizabeth Bishop's "The Fish" is a startling one, "I caught a tremendous fish" as the poet beams with pride at its size and her accomplishment. She clearly has the intent of keeping her catch alive as she continues, "and held him beside the boat/Half out of water, with my hook/fast in a corner of his mouth." She conveys the main parts of the scenery very well -- boat, fish, water, and hook.
Her description of the setting is visual. Her diction relates a sense of ease as she continues: "He didn't fight./He hadn't fought at all." She depicts ...

Introduction

There are thousands of things in the world that keep people awake at night whether it is a 4th of July firework jubilee or alley cats who will not shut up or arguing neighbors upstairs, these are only some of the things that keep people awake at night. Another thing that have been known to keep people awake at night is sleeping disorders, and it can turn the most studious person into a drowsy pool of lifeless jelly. College students are a fine example of this, most stay up all night studying and getting sleep is usually the last thing on their ...

Question 1: Echinoderms

Phylum Echinodemata gets the name from the Greek which means spiny skin. Therefore, members of this phylum have spiny skin although others do not have the spiny skin. Echinoderms have radial symmetry meaning they have appendages mostly occurring in a group of five with few in exception. One rare characteristic that occurs in the echinoderms is the water vascular system. This refers to a hydraulic system, usually with sea urchins and the sea stars and used for locomotion, waste transportation, food and respiration. This system comprises of canals that connect tube feet. The movement can be caused by the contraction of ...

Theory questions and answers

Answer to the theory questions.
The phylum without organs includes the phylum porifera and the body symmetry is irregular.
The phylum without cephalization is that of phylum porifera and phylum echinodermata
Not all the organisms on the table have three germs layers. Those without 3 germ layers are phylum cnidarians and phylum porifera
Phylum arthropoda has more species compared to other phyla and few examples include; various subphylum’s such as trilobitomorpha, chelicerata, myriapoda, crustacea, hexapoda. Subphyla chelicerata include those; arachnida, xiphosura, pycnogonida and eurypteridia.
In terms of differences in fishes anatomical structure fishes ...

Background information on Giardia

Giardia is luminal intestinal flagellated protozoan parasite. Giardia lamblia( also known as G. intestinalis or G. duodenalis) is the most common species that usually exhibits a typical fecal-oral lifecycle. Giardia lamblia) colonizes the upper portions of the small intestine and is the most common protozoan isolated from human stools. The prevalence is estimated at 200 million clinical cases per year [ CITATION Annd3 \l 1033 ].
Giardia lamblia exists in two forms, an active form called a trophozoite, and an inactive form called a cyst. The active trophozoite attaches to the lining of the small intestine with a "sucker" and is responsible for causing ...