Efficacy College Essays Samples For Students

Psychology

Project Topic: Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory
Albert Bandura, born in 1925, is one of the leading psychologists of the twentieth century. His contribution to the field of psychology rests on his viewpoint that behavior is learned and formed in a social learning context. He stresses that virtually all forms of behavior can be learned without experiencing any reinforcement. In Bandura’s approach, the self is not some psychic agent that determines or causes behavior. Rather, the self is a set of cognitive processes and structures concerned with though and perception. Self-efficacy is an important aspect of the self (Schultz & ...

Management

Albert Bandura proposed the theory of self-efficacy. According to his theory, abilities, attitude and cognitive skills of persons comprise the self-system. This self-system has an important role in how we behave in different scenarios. According to Bandura, self-efficacy has a major contribution how on approaches to the task or challenge and how to achieve his goal. Albert Bandura defined self-efficacy as the belief of an individual in their abilities in a given situation in order to succeed. Self-efficacy plays a critical role in the individual life. Generally, every individual can identify his achievements, accomplishments and changes. However, the majority of people also ...

Part 1

Self efficacy is the degree of a person’s belief in his ability to reach established goals and complete assigned tasks. This concept has been studied widely by psychologists through the many perspectives and developmental paths. Self efficacy can be seen in the resolve of an individual to stick to a diet or a workout regimen. High self efficacy or low self efficacy is one of the determining factors of as to whether or not a person will start a challenging task or will deem it impossible. Self efficacy transcends all aspects of human endeavor. By studying self efficacy, psychologists can determine the beliefs ...

(Author, Department, University,

Corresponding Address and email)

Research Outline
Introduction of ADHD
Diagnostic criteria for ADHD
Causes of the development of ADHD
Changes in brain structure in ADHD
Therapeutic strategies used in ADHD
Stimulant medications for the treatment of ADHD
Non-stimulant medications for the treatment of ADHD
Side effects of the medications
Efficacy and safety of medications in the treatment of ADHD
Stopping the medications
Long-term efficacy and safety of Medications in the treatment of ADHD
Concluding Remarks
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood psychiatric problem that is characterized by behavioural and learning disorders (Riva & Njiokiktjien, 2010). It has a strong ...

Group Work Analysis

Analysis of group experiences is very important for developing some personal qualities and reaching higher levels of group performance. I think that the most effective stage of analysis is identifying strengths and especially weaknesses, as the latter can be turned to strengths in future. The purpose of this work is analysis of the recent event that happened in a team at two levels – individual and group. Work in the group that I analyzed turned out to be effective with certain drawbacks in the sphere of members’ participation and responsibility delegation.
The event that I am going to analyze in ...

In the history of political thought and democracy building, there is an inconsistency between citizen’s voting for a candidate or party and his/hers final satisfaction with a progress of the chosen candidate or party. In practice, this inconsistency corresponds to a continuous criticism of ruling government and desire to change it for the former one or an entirely different. In political theory, this phenomenon gained its implementation in a concept of political efficacy. The essence of the term “political efficacy” refers to citizens’ perception of their influence on government and how much trust in authorities and policies they have. In the context ...

Instructional leader

Abstract
This essay will discuss tools, which will assist the educational leader in promoting the learning outcome and assessment of students by guiding, encouraging, motivating and supporting the school culture and offering instructional programs in the area of mathematics, which are conducive to student learning and the professional growth of staff members. Mathematical tools are measured and structured to assist teachers who can examine distinct or various approaches to improve the mathematics performance of students in middle school. Students that are in elementary grades 3 through 9 accept the challenge and the desire to succeed. According to research, ...

Albert Bandura’s, social cognitive, theory defines self efficacy as the belief in one’s capabilities in goal achievement. The theory implies that self efficacy influences efforts put into a task, choices made, feelings, thought patterns, and emotional and psychological behavior. It controls behavior before and after a task is completed, and an individual’s belief on how long they can persevere faced with a challenging task.
Feedback is among the most powerful tools that influence self efficacy, learning and achievement. Feedback provides a positive or negative impact on a learner’s self efficacy. Positive feedback raises the self efficacy of learners while ...

Albert Bandura was a prominent researcher who advanced a key behavioral theory that he later referred to as social cognitive theory, or SCT. The cornerstone of SCT is that people learn via observation (Denler et al., 2014, p. 1). Moreover, Bandura states that people’s personalities are not only molded or shaped by their environment, but people also affect their environment (Denler et al., 2014, p. 1). Thus, Bandura takes classical conditioning and operant conditioning one step further by asserting that there is a multi-faceted interaction between a person, their environment, and subsequent behaviors (Denler et al., 2014, p. ...

Clinical problem

The common concept surrounding palliative care is that it is afforded to patients within inpatient care units and hospice care by specialty palliative care nurses. This has meant that palliative care is only confined to those patients within these settings and thus limiting the accessibility of these services for outpatients populations with chronic or caner illnesses. Patients in need of palliative care usually have physical and psychological problems that require early and constant monitoring and intervention which can only be afforded through palliative care (Zimmermann et al., 2014). While these patients do not seek to cure their illnesses, their ...

Introduction: An Overview

Cognition is a mental process used in acquiring knowledge, and how this knowledge is used. This encompasses features like judging, memory, sensation, and thinking. Hence, it shows how human beings get information, apply it in their daily living, and transform their lives accordingly. Cognition and the mind are closely interrelated since the mind processes information and how such information is used. Cognition can be classified into two types: conscious or unconscious; and natural or artificial (Lovett, 2013). Since time immemorial, it has been considered an abstract characteristic of living organisms and over the years been studied as a property of the ...

Introduction

Throughout the nation, the use of teacher evaluations has become increasingly popular. Since educators are partially responsible for the development of younger generations, teacher evaluations were created in order to measure a teacher’s performance. After the creation of teacher evaluations, there has been members of the educational realm that have disagreed with it. While some believe that formative feedback is the best way to analyze a teacher’s performance, others believe that it is unfair to give a teacher evaluation based on their student’s performance. This is due to the fact that teachers do not have control ...

<Course>

The video entitled “Self Efficacy: Its Role and Sources” is very helpful in understanding the important role of self-efficacy in people’s lives. Because it is delivered using an animated character, it becomes more fun to watch. In addition, it is concise and direct to the point, making sure that the audience clearly understands what the concept of self-efficacy is all about. Personally, this relates to the reason why I gained weight, an issue that affects my current health status. By being heavier than my normal weight, I begin to feel tired more easily and my self-esteem ...

Abstract

An undergraduate degree remains one of the most important factors in securing a job after college. Completing college or getting a high school diploma is not enough. Students need to obtain a degree, which is the real measure of success in college. This may be achieved through three main approaches as indicated in this paper: improving academic self-efficacy; supporting the needs of students; and through assessment and feedback.

Introduction

There is a constantly increasing importance for obtaining an undergraduate degree. This comes against a backdrop of the problems of student retention, which continue to be costly to individual students, families and universities. Research ...

Introduction

A recent report of the International Longevity Center-UK (ILC-UK) indicated that dementia can no longer be viewed as an isolated disorder due to a high prevalence of medical comorbidities, often undiagnosed, associated with it (Scrutton & Brancati, 2016). Patients with dementia also had received a less coordinated comorbidity treatments, resulting to the faster decline of their daily functioning, a reduction in their quality of life (QOL), and earlier mortality events than patients with these comorbidities, but in the absence of dementia.
The report also noted other important findings, which exacerbated the need for better therapeutic options in dealing with dementia, ...

Nelson, K. M., McFarland, L., & Reiber, G.

Research Article Critique

The ability to locate and critique relevant research evidence is an essential evidence-based practice (EBP) skill (Titler, 2008). This paper will critique a research article on a pertinent health issue that is diabetes care amongst veterans by Nelson, McFarland, & Reiber (2007). The article is entitled “Factors influencing disease self-management among veterans with diabetes and poor glycemic control”. The critique will focus on the various sections of the article with a bias towards the methodology section.

Overview of the Article

The problem noted by the authors is the relative lack of research on diabetes self-management amongst veterans. The author cites ...

Transitions and their effects

A transition is the passage from one stable state to another stable state and is triggered by a change. Transitions may involve dynamic changes, turning points, milestones and challenges.
The nursing practice is deeply interwoven with different types of transitions. Depending on the background, transitions may be classified into several types. A situational transition is the one triggered by a change in the situation and involves the transformation in the educational and professional roles. For example, transition of an RPN to an RN is situational transition.
A nurse may face several challenges during the transition from an RPN to ...

Current Status and Future Directions of School Based Interventions

Frank Gresham (School Psychology Review, 2004)A study guide
(1 Pt. ea unless noted otherwise).
1. How do school administrators typically view the cause of students’ behavior problems and what impact does this have on interventions used in the schools?School administrators often view students' behavioral problems as stemming from factors outside the school and therefore do not view schools as proactive agents in the process of prevention and/or behavior change, as a result, schools often utilize interventions that are either patently ineffective or, in some cases, harmful. (Gresham 2004, Current Status and Future Directions of School-Based Behavioral Interventions).
2. ...

Abstract

This study explores various measures to use in order to determine effective leadership skill and the way to use strengths and weakness to demonstrate quality leadership. This work herein confirms that good leadership self- efficacy is necessary, though, must depend on other factors to outlay good sustaining leadership. This work will lean much on self-efficacy theory in order to demonstrate the findings. Moreover,
Keywords: leadership, self- efficacy, measures, sustaining
Self-efficacy exhibits the innate abilities to determine good leadership skills in every realm or position. Leadership development and self-efficacy plan helps to generate and keep confidence, strengths, and confidence and ...

The Health Promotion Model of Nola Pender is a theory that proposes that health promotion activities of healthy lifestyle and health choices help with the prevention of illness and disease. This model assists nurses in understanding of the detrimental impact associated with irresponsible health choices. The article covered the topic of physical activity as it applies to Pender’s Health Promotion Model developing the parallel between sedentary lifestyle and irresponsible physical activities behaviors correlating the negative health outcomes Pender’s theory discussed (Robbins et al., 2001).
The study “Health-Promoting Behaviors in Men age 45 and above” researched and explains ...

Introduction

The self is the way in which one perceives oneself. The self is influenced by self-concept, self-esteem, self-efficacy and the social self. Self-concept is the idea of the self and is derived from various factors such as personality traits, how one looks or thinks about their looks, their personal values, life ambitions and their role or place in life (Fournier, 2010). The self begins at an early age where children begin to understand themselves in the context of the social world. This developmental process is affected largely by how they relate to friends/ mentors and parents. As the child ...

Venous Thromboembolism: Literature Review

Venous Thromboembolism: Literature Review

Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a health condition characterized by blood clot forming within the veins. VTE is the third most common cardiovascular condition and is fatal for up to 35% of patients who develop the condition (Deitelzweig, Johnson & Schulman, 2011). This high mortality rate is as a result of poor understanding of VTE unlike arterial thrombosis which is well understood. Although many risk factors have been identified to cause VTE, thrombophilia is one of the underlying cause that characterizes many cases of VTE. Thrombophilia is an abnormality in the ability of blood to clot. The problem which ...

Background of the Case Study

The case concerns James, a student who used to get Bs on his weekly quizzes. Nevertheless, James failed his succeeding quizzes after being confused and consequently failing in one of his former quizzes. James lost his motivation after this but after encouragement from his teacher Ms. Khan, he looked for ways to overcome this challenge. Considering the scenario, the objective of this discussion is to integrate psychological theories in education or learning to the case of James in order to further understand the circumstances surrounding his situation. In the succeeding discussion, James’ situation will be explored and analysed using theories ...

A Discussion

Self Concept in Psychology: A Discussion
Just as a person has opinion about those around them, they also have perceptions about their own self. This opinion about one’s self is generally known as self-concept. Self-concept is not a predefined view and, as with most perceptions, develops overtime as a result of external influences. It includes an organized, dynamic and complex network of acquired beliefs, opinions and attitudes towards an individual personal existence. Cosden, Brown and Elliot describe self-concept as ‘domain specific self-perceptions’, while self-esteem is differentiated as ‘one’s overall sense of self-worth’ . Self-concept is often also identified as self-identity, ...

IMPACT OF DISASTERS ON HEALTH CARE SYSTEM OR APPROACH

It is true that natural as well as man made disasters impinge on human existence without warning regardless of how diligent meteorological stations are, internationally. Also, Central Intelligence Agencies are always predicting impending situations, but this can be merely speculations even when scientific evidence supports them. Predictions, do not always accurately determine time and place of attacks and it can entail ongoing tedious investigation processes. In the presence of such uncertainties social service structures concerned with disaster awareness and intervention should always be alert to such eventualities that plague the universe manifesting as earthquakes, tornadoes, flooding, hurricanes, fires, bombings, ...

Introduction

Arguably, when people in an organization interact, many factors come up. Individuals have to study group and individual dynamics, as well as organizational nature. Study of organizational behavior is gaining fame, because people from diverse cultures need to work together efficiently and effectively. In organizational behavior, there are numerous psychological terms that are mostly used interchangeably, this include self-concept and self esteem as well as self-efficiency and self-fulfilling; hence it is crucial to elaborate on its similarities and differences in meaning.

Compare and contrast for Self-concept and self-esteem

Self-concept is having knowledge about oneself. In most cases, people tend to know how other people think, their ...

LEADERSHIP

A new concept that I have learned in this course is that on efficacy and optimism. Efficacy is the ability of a leader to make people within a group or working individually to believe that they can achieve difficult tasks (Yukl, 2009, p. 483). On its part, optimism is positive mindedness which the leader is supposed to cultivate in the followers. From this course I have come to learn that the two principles help a leader achieve the team’s objectives with much ease.

People like to work on what they believe in and in such a situation they will show a lot of ...

Essay

Needs Assessment and Rationale
Falls are a serious public health issue in the United States because it is the main cause of trauma-related incidents and injury-related emergency cases, and the leading cause of unexpected deaths among the elderly. People aged 65 and above comprise the majority of casualties from falls (Al-Faisal, 2006). The prevalence of falls rises continuously with age irrespective of gender and racial/ethnic affiliation. As reported by Stevens and colleagues (2010), “each year, about one-third of all older adults fall. In 2007, an estimated 1.9 million fall injuries among persons aged 65 years and older were treated ...

Abstract

There are limited or no effective interventions for recurrence of coronary heart diseases among the patients who smoke. Smoking cessation interventions has been suggested to have little benefit; however, there is little evidence on its cost- effectiveness and efficacy of such programs for cardiac inpatients. This study describes the efficacy and cost- effectiveness of intensive smoking cessation methods for cardiac patients admitted in the hospital cardiac unit. The experimental design assesses the efficacy and cost- effectiveness of the intervention that includes face- to- face counselling in combination with the nicotine replacement therapy using 8 cardiac wards of hospitals in ...

The behavioral approach to psychology holds that human development is chiefly behavior learned through observation and the interaction with the environment around a person. The theories associated with behaviorism state that human development does not necessarily occur in stages; instead, it is a continuous process. In this regard, two main theories linked to the behavioral approach exist - B. F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Theory and Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory. These two theories establish the perspective of the behavioral approach in explaining human development. Accordingly, the various concepts and terms of the two theories apply in explaining my choice ...

Application of Transtheoretical Model vs. Health Belief Model

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Introduction

Recently many research strategies have developed to identify the most efficient methods to achieve healthier outcomes. An accurate combination of personal behavior and health improvement has proffered the novel approaches to behavioral and medical experts. The outcomes of such intervention studies have provided potent insights in various chronic and infectious diseases and many theories that gained high appreciation are designed to define the scope of nursing practices. Currently, many conceptual models are applied in health promotion and education (Glanz, Rimer & Viswanath, 2008). The essay aims to ...

VTE Nursing Research

Venous Thromboembolism
Introduction
Venus thromboembolism (VTE) is a condition that includes both pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). DVT commonly occurs when blood clots in deep veins normally in the pelvic veins or in the legs. However, VTE is common any vein in the human body. Patients who develop VTE have a 35% to 65% chance of dying from it. It is important to research on Venus thromboembolism (VTE) because as the third most common cardiovascular disease, it is a leading cause of mortality and mobility worldwide. VTE results from slowing of the blood flow (stasis), damage of ...

Government, on behalf of society, has long grappled with discovering ways to protect communities from sexual offenders while, at the same time, determine effective ways to treat the offenders. Sexual offenses span a wide range of behaviors from public indecency to fondling to buying or selling children for the purposes of prostitution.
One difficulty in creating services for sex offenders is that as a group they are as heterogeneous as the general population. No distinct group of causal factors has been identified, and there are numerous types of offenders. Sexual offenders come from every segment of our society, may be any ...

The most effecting theory to apply in a bid to motivate employees is the self-efficacy theory. It is a strategy that usually focuses on the effectiveness of employees while performing specific duties. This motivation theory postulate that employees that believe that they are extremely efficient feel, think, and perform in a different way from those who do not consider themselves to be efficient. Therefore, the self-efficacy theory of motivation looks at the functioning aspect as the key to motivating employees. The most distinctive feature of this theory is self-reflection hence employees are encouraged to evaluate themselves as an antecedent for changing their ...

Pick two articles from peer-reviewed journals that deal with the education of individuals with autism. Articles should be published in peer-reviewed journals. Prepare a summary of both articles.

The review considers the research available regarding the effectiveness of professionals using intensive behavior therapy for those with autism or those with autistic spectrum disorder in an inclusive schooling environment. The thesis of the article is that whilst research agrees that applied behavioral behavior therapy is commonly believed to be the most effective treatment in this environment the basis of this research is unreliable. The review asserts that research undertaken in this ...

Sepsis in the Newborn

Definition of Sepsis in a Neonate

Neonatal sepsis is “a clinical syndrome of bacteremia with systemic signs and symptoms of infection and a positive culture from central body fluid” (Guha et al., 2005). It is the most common cause of neonatal mortality (Guha et al., 2005) and comes in two forms, namely early- onset sepsis and late-onset sepsis. Early-onset sepsis usually occurs within 72 hours of birth and can be attributed to perinatal risk factors, which usually come with respiratory problems and pneumonia. Late-onset sepsis, on the other hand, occurs after 72 hours upon birth and can be caused by infections that ...

In a time when Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs) have become a global concern, there is a universal consensus on the importance of hand washing in both clinical and non-clinical settings. However, research in this field are yet to reach an agreement on whether hand sanitizers work more effectively than soap and water for healthcare workers during patient care. In this light, the current paper summarizes two articles exploring the subject of hand washing and hand sanitizers. More specifically, this paper will rate and evaluate the strength of evidence found in both articles. The principle aim of this paper is to ...

My informal learning experience is connected with the death of close relatives form cancer. Given the rise of cancer and the deteriorating environment, the use of carcinogens in the food industry, fear of cancer cannot be considered unreasonable. In my case it went beyond common sense and became a phobia. My cancerophobia is very closely linked with the fear of death. Everyone knows that according to the statistics, cancer takes the third place among the causes of death (after injuries and cardiovascular diseases). So my informal learning experience is a manifestation of psychogenic reaction to the death of loved ...

What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

Quite often, people experience anxiety when faced with a difficult situation, and the anxiety ends once the situation is resolved. Occasional anxiety is a common phenomenon that people face especially before undertaking tasks for which they have little confidence in accomplishing. Besides, whenever confronted with the need to make important decisions, people tend to experience anxiety over the possible consequences of such decisions. In general, anxiety occurs when one is facing a difficult situation, has to make a difficult decision, or is about to carry out a task that one has no confidence in accomplishing successfully. In all these ...

Abstract

The emerging power security issues appear to be severe for the United Kingdom. The public body of the United Kingdom apparently is engaged in leaving the gasoline provisions fulfilled through interferences of the marketplace in terms of the green rule and renewable assistances. The stated situation is solely meeting a trivial proportion of issues. The public authorities of the United Kingdom showed a potential aspiring thinking about the forthcoming periods of protected power. The government of the United Kingdom proposed growth of renewables, power effective infrastructure, and potential policy currents with an anticipation that they will definitely pacify the ...

______ University

Business and Hotel Management School

Module Coordinator: ______________________
BS 3180 Hospitality Management in Practice
Matriculation Number:
Executive Summary
Managing a business’s resources is an important part of every company’s management process. Every company manag’s its resources in a unique way, but it is key to have a process for managing a variety of resources including human resources, capital resources, inventory and more. This paper focuses on and evaluates the way in which resources are managed at the Gourm India Restaurant located in Lucerne Switzerland. This paper was written in order to evaluate and understand to which type corporate culture ...

Iron deficiency anemia: Pregnancy outcomes with or without iron supplementation:

Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of iron supplements by analyzing the data set of Hungarian Congenital Abnormality Registry from 1980 to 1996. The basis of the efficacy of iron supplements would be provided by the birth complications or congenital abnormalities of the offspring of the mothers. The result of the study showed 3,242 cases with congenital abnormalities and 6,358 controls without congenital abnormalities had mothers with iron deficiency anemia. The study presented three primary findings, and three secondary findings that need further investigation.

Introduction

In this study, the authors aimed to validate the efficacy ...

Introduction

Businesses always have a single mantra in their minds which is to increase the productivity with effective services and courses of action (Michaels, 2012). Businesses are on the mercy of decision making stance, and such decisions can be extremely worthwhile for their long term benefits and effectiveness. Apart from the financial prosperity, there are certain courses of actions that specifically associated with the enhancement of strategic values of the entity. Employees and the management are two important types of organization, and no organization can get effectiveness without managing them in an effective manner. It is extremely important for the organizations ...

Social learning theory came about during the late 1800s. William James’ and Dollard and Miller research in 1941 formed the foundation for the 1963 development of the theory and concepts by Bandura. Researchers note that Bandura was the first theorist to apply the social learning theory to education. However, in 1983, Bandura renamed the theory as Social Cognitive Theory. Additionally, Bandura detached his theory from the behaviorists’ theory because he did not believe that the environment had any influence on the theory. Over the years, Bandura conducted numerous studies, but the most popular of these studies included young children ...

DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATORY INTERACTIONS.An overview of drug interactions and activities in drugdevelopment. A drug is any component in the body other than food that is intended to affect the properfunctioning of human bodies or the animals. Drugs can be used in various ways including diagnosis, treatment, cure and prevention of diseases in humans and animals. Drug development refers to the continuum stages that are involved at each stage of development. The authorities have to be involved in the drug development process with a view of ensuring the safety of human. The drug must be taken through stages in its ...

Should we rape the rapist? Should we torture the criminals? Is Vengeance the right approach? Should criminals be reformed or executed? These questions crop up often especially when an inmate is executed. Death Penalty or capital punishment is a contested concept mainly on the basis of ethics and fundamental rights. There are arguments and equally strong counterarguments depicting the irrelevance of this practice.
Those who are against the death penalty argue that human life is valuable and even the worst offenders shouldn't be deprived of their lives. In addition, everybody has the 'right to life' and death penalty deprives a person ...

A large number of the high school graduates in the United States have been reported to drop out of college and fail to exhibit the required academic and practical life skills and hence something has to be done to equip students with best skills to fit the 21st century.
There should be professional training and development of teachers especially on using the education technology. Teachers should be trained on the latest teaching technologies, provided with the level of current professional development and adaptive learning tools. This will enable teachers to respond quickly to student needs.
A new ...

Despite the evolution of gender equality issues, there are still great differences between the educational goals and occupations held by both genders. Governmental programs in various countries have been designed to lure more women into fields that have been dominated by men, such as scientific and technological-based careers (Watt & Eccles, 2012). Some of these programs include the Workplace Gender Equality Act of 2012 in Australia, the Government Action Plan for Gender Equality in Finland, and even a program aimed at promoting gender equality in the workforce within developing countries. Yet, despite these programs, there still remains a large disparity between the ...

- Discuss the relationship between crime and demography (i.e. gender, age, race, social class, education, employment). In answering the question, pay careful consideration to the measurement of demography and crime. Be sure to highlight and discuss reciprocal relationships between crime and demography (i.e. race increases the risk of victimization and crime increases the risk of White Flight). Draw on Criminological theory and empirical research in outlining your response. Draw on required reading and class presentations. 917
On a national average, the Blacks are nearly four times as likely to be arrested for possession of marijuana as compared to the ...

Psychotherapeutic agents are the pillars to disease treatment and symptoms alleviations. The major factors considered when choosing a suitable psychotherapeutic agency are safety, efficacy, and tolerability. This paper evaluates psychotherapeutic agents in view of the case of MM, a 60 year old African American female who presented at a clinic with three months lack of sleep. She works in a high stress environment as a chemical engineer. Tests and readings conducted revel the patients BP is 156/80, T = 98.8, SpO2 = 99%, TSH = 3.4, cholesterol = 200 mg/dl, LDL = 128 and HDL = 40mg/dl. She commonly experiences gastroesophageal reflux (manifested as heartburn) and indigestion after eating food. ...

Background

Recent behavioral studies have shown the clinical relevance of meditation in the treatment of stress-related physiological and psychological illnesses. Kabat-Zinn et al. (1998) found that audio-induced mindfulness meditation reduced stress and increased the rate of healing of psoriatic lesions in patients with psoriasis. Krisanaprakornkit et al. (2006) reviewed a variety of meditation techniques on the effect of stress-related anxiety disorders and found that most meditation approaches can help patients self-regulate anxiety symptoms in a variety of anxiety conditions. In an extensive literature review comprising hundreds of studies conducted in the past 20 years, Jacobs (2001) also found that relaxation techniques and ...

The authors are investigating whether there is a relationship between college student and ethnic identities and self-esteem, efficacy and Grade Point Average in an Urban University.

1. There will be noticeable racial-ethnic differences in the sample. Also Asians will have the most positive college identities, followed by blacks and then by whites, especially on the dimensions of academics, confidence and meaningfulness (p. 3)
2. College student identity scores will be highest in immigrants, and lowest in the third generation students (p. 4).
3. Black students will have the most positive ethnic identities followed by Asians, and then by ...

Introduction

Migraine is a common type of headache disorder which is characterized by moderate to severe recurrent headache. Migraine headaches are generally severe and could last up to 3 days, wherein the pain affects half of the head but the pain is pulsating in nature. People with acute migraine headache may have suffer from sensitivity to light, vomiting, nausea, and sensitivity to smell and sound. In some cases, the pain may become severe and worsen after physical activity. In 1/3rd of patients with migraine, a short period of visual disturbance or aura occurs which is an indication that the pain ...

Homeopathic treatment for Insomnia (sleeplessness)

Homeopathy is considered as an alternative medicine practice compared to modern (allopathy) practice. The concept of homeopathy relates to pseudoscience wherein the treatment of an illness is not part of a scientific rationale but the normal recovery of the person. Homeopathy was first introduced by Samuel Hahnemann in 1796 and has been used since then as an alternative treatment for many acute and chronic illnesses. Some researchers suggest that homeopathic medications or agents act like placebo in terms of modern medicine, wherein the recovery or cure of the illness is not due to the medication itself but part of ...

Background

The present-day advancements in the field of technology present a major breakthrough or opportunity for the healthcare system at large. This is purposely due to the myriad of information management, analysis and sharing products that come with health information technology (HIT). This means that accurate health information can be quickly and safely transacted between the patient and the healthcare provider as well as between the healthcare providers. One of the areas that the contemporary advancements in technology could be feasibly harnessed is through the provision of post-discharge patient care. The post-discharge phase of care presents a unique care situation ...

Diabetes is a chronic illness characterized by absent or reduced pancreatic production of insulin and decreased cellular sensitivity to insulin. The result is a rise in blood sugar levels which does harm to body tissues. Obesity, or a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or greater, accounts for up to 85% of an individual’s risk of having type 2 diabetes (T2DM), which is the more common type (Eckel et al., 2011). Statistics show that obesity occurs more in older adults with more than a third of adults 65 years old and over considered obese (Eckel et al., 2011). ...

Introduction

There are about 33 countries that have implemented payment schemes to facilitate the conservation of biodiversity (Duchelle et al 13). For example, in Brazil, rubber tappers have engaged in an agreement with the government where there are provided with payments for their conservation efforts (Duchelle et al 14). Another example is in Guyana where the Conservation International has obtained a conservation concession from their government to promote the conservation of 20,000 acres of forest. The payment scheme as a strategy to facilitate biodiversity conservation is also currently applicable in the United States where farmers are paid for protecting ...

Introduction

Quality is the characteristic of a service or a good to be fit for use by the customer or the consumer. The pharmaceutical quality means the production of a product that is free of contamination that gives the therapeutic benefit that is labeled in the container to the customer. This quality is either evaluated in vitro or vivo by the tests performed. In quality design, the vitro product is ensured to have good performance and the same provide a similar quality in the vivo performance test. In this case, the product performance is related to the product performance.

Quality by Design (QbD)

This ...

Clinical problem

The common concept surrounding palliative care is that it is afforded to patients within inpatient care units and hospice care by specialty palliative care nurses. This has meant that palliative care is only confined to those patients within these settings and thus limiting the accessibility of these services for outpatients populations with chronic or caner illnesses. Patients in need of palliative care usually have physical and psychological problems that require early and constant monitoring and intervention which can only be afforded through palliative care (Zimmermann et al., 2014). While these patients do not seek to cure their illnesses, their ...

Introduction

Crime is one of the major social challenges experienced in the contemporary society. Sociologists have associated criminal activities with various social factors such as parenting, social networks, the efficacy of the criminal justice system and an individual’s economic status among others. Myriad researches have also been performed in order to determine the relationship between criminal acts and one’s psycho-social well-being. In as much as legal authorities, psychological support centers and other key stakeholders have implemented procedures meant to reduce crime, crime has continued to be a major challenge in various countries, for instance: In the United States, ...