The Second War for American Independence
The title of this essay is the name attributed by some historians and others to the conflict between the United States and Britain and their (Canadian) Indian allies. The background to this almost three-year war (1812-1815), had been various actions by Britain or British interests that had caused growing provocation and annoyance in America, culminating in the fourth American President, James Madison, declaring war on Britain on June 18th 1812. According to Kelly (n.d.) in his article “American History Timeline - War of 1812”, these were some of the events leading up to that declaration of war:
1803-1812: The British forced circa 10,000 Americans to work aboard British vessels;
1806: British ...