Invention College Essays Samples For Students

Industrial revolution inventions and urbanization

Industrial revolution refers to the period of rapid transition to new manufacturing processes that mainly took place from about 1760 to between 1820 and 1840. It mainly involved a movement from hand manufacturing to machine and chemical manufacturing. The revolution saw a shift from water power supply to coal power.

During this period, several inventions were developed which had significant impacts on humanity and urbanization. Nicholas Louis Robert invented the Fourdrinier, a machine that could make continuous sheets of paper on a wire fabric loop. The machine could produce rolls of papers which became the basis of production of paper today. He ...

The predominant academic agreement is that gunpowder was invented in China, but no one scholar in the whole world could tell us the exact date of the creation of gunpowder. However, I researched different articles and found out that there are several major versions of the origin of gunpowder and each version assumes different time it was firstly received by people. According to some authors, for instance Joseph Needham, China used gunpowder in rockets and fireworks in the VII century B.C. (9), another theory tells that gunpowder came to Chine and Arabia in the 1st century from India and ...

The term “Patents” came into existence as a legal mechanism created for the protection of the ‘intellectual capital’. It aims to protect inventor’s ideas from getting into the hands of others without appropriate permission or compensation (Bell 2013). This idea of patenting came up as a result of the early recognition that many inventors do not have the means to produce, develop, or even implement their invention at the time it was conceived. There is, therefore, a need for some protection that would encourage the inventors to aggressively pursue their ideas without someone else stealing it and thereby sharing the glory. ...

(1) Identify eight to ten of these useful inventions or contributions.
The paper was identified to have been invented in 105 A.D.and revealed to have been credited to a certain Ts'ai-Lun, as the inventor. Although, historical documents alleged that the paper was discovered earlier, the attribute to Ts'ai-Lun was rationalized from his ability to show his invention to the Chinese emperor at the disclosed time frame .
The compass is another useful invention since it was attested to be crucial in navigating purposes in 1100 A.D. . It is useful, especially during the ancient times when no other instrument was ...

One evening when it was raining heavily, people gathered to hide from rain near a church in London. There were few gentlemen who were talking with each other. Among these people were the poor girl named Liza. Liza was a girl selling flowers and she was a good looking girl with dirty clothes and very odd accent. In the due time there came a man named Colonel Pickering, Liza went to him and asked him if he buys some flowers. Pickering refused buying, but he gave him some money. Along with Pickering was his friend Henry Higgins. He was a professor and knew many ...

Question 1

After every two years in America, a class of newly elected senators takes office at the capitol thus assuming the duties and responsibilities of the U.S Senator. The job of the senate is to serve the interests of their Congressional district citizens by introducing bills into the committee and serving on the committee. There are at least 26 committees in the House of Representatives and a number of subcommittees. On the other hand, there are there are 20 committees in the Senate and 68 subcommittees. The senate further has four joint committees in its docket to help it in the simple ...

The industrial revolution is a revolutionary change in the means of production and its organization, which led to the transition from pre-industrial to an industrial society. The classical and the earliest example of the industrial revolution is considered England of late 18th - early 19th centuries.
The term "industrial revolution” emphasizes fast and explosive nature of the changes that occurred at the turn of 18-19 centuries, first in England and then in other countries of Europe. For the first time this concept was used in 1830 by a French economist Adolphe Blanqui. Since 1840, it has become widely used by ...

I believe that kidney prosthesis will be the next great technological advancement. There are several reasons why a healthy kidney(s) are necessary, and there are several people who could benefit from prosthetic kidneys. Based on the widespread incidence of kidney failure -- due primarily to diabetes and high blood pressure -- this invention could improve the lives of millions of people who live with kidney failure, and must undergo kidney dialysis.
A normal kidney filters toxins from the blood, thereby creating urine. A sign of healthy kidneys is their ability to successfully create urine. However, many people who ...

A picture is worth a thousand words, definitely pictures can express human thoughts, emotions and dreams that can never be uttered by the lips. Back then, people can record physical appearance and historical events through paintings. On the other hand, a Frenchman named Joseph Niepce took the first permanent photograph in 1827 (Madgwick, 28). Photography made it easier for people to record history without resorting to paint the entire scenery that they see. Rich men and women, especially those who belong to the aristocracy choose photography for their personal portraits; adding a touch of modernism to their noble countenance. In short, the ...

Nikola Tesla was physicist, inventor and electrical engineer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was the inventor of the alternating current-rays and lights as well as the laser during his career of life. During this period, the Edison’s lamps were inefficient and weak when they were using direct current. The system of direct current had several limitations such as the system could be neither transported for long disturbances nor stepped up to high voltage for long distance transmission. In addition to that, the uses of direct current system need many sub-power stations which were costly. ...

INTRODUCTION

When we think of our fast-paced society with its short deadlines, fast food, and the need to be in two places at once, it is no wonder that Americans are constantly stressed. However, when we look at all of the technological and scientific innovations that have truly changed the American paradigm and facilitates this modern lifestyle that we covet; the automobile is one of the first on the list. Regardless of what you call it, vehicle, ride, wheels, or car, the automobile has played a huge role in the development of the society we live in today. From where we ...

Our world is changing every day. New gadgets are being invented; extraordinary ways to make our lives more comfortable are being developed. Some of them will be forgotten in a year, others will be used even in the centuries. But only a few of them will give rise to the new discoveries and even to the complete change and improvement of the global world system. It is hard to predict what will such inventions be, but we can look through the history of inventions and find the most important ones for our development. In my opinion, one of them is the ...

Human beings, that were once referred to ‘’Tool using animals’’ have a long history that dates back to 2 Million years ago. However, the major source of economic development was initiated after the process of agriculture came into existence. Post the arrival of Agricultural era, Paleolithic Human largely survived on hunting animals using the tools that were directly derived from nature or were marginally modified using wooden hafts or handles by these groups. It is because of their high reliance solely on hunting, seventeenth-century philosopher Thomas Robbes, described the Paleolithic life as ‘’Nasty, Brutish and Short’’
However, the very ...

The hypodermic syringe was developed independently by French veterinary surgeon Charles Gabriel Pravaz and Scottish doctor Alexander Wood in 1853 (Kravetz 2614; Olukoga, Bolodeoku and Davidson 571). They both modified the invention of Francis Rynd, a special instrument much like the modern hypodermic syringe but did not have a plunger (Olukoga et al. 571). Its invention revolutionized the field of medicine, allowing intravenous delivery of drugs, vaccines and other substances into the human body. It has also since been widely used for the extraction of fluids, such as blood, and tissue (Gill and Prausnitz 725).
The mechanism of the hypodermic ...

Patent is a form of Intellectual Property Right (IPR). The IPR refers to any work or product of human creativity. It can include inventions; works related to literature and arts; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce. Intellectual Property Rights like patents are given to promote creativity and help the creators earn recognition or financial benefit out of what they have created. This system of recognition and reward helps in encouraging further innovations.
A patent grants exclusive rights for an invention. That means, the inventor, who is the patent owner, can decide whether or not to allow ...

A patent may be defined as an exclusive right granted for a novel invention or a product that provides an entirely new way of doing things. This kind of arrangement creates a monopoly in the sense that when an inventor holds a patent, every other person is excluded from selling, using, making, offering for sale or otherwise benefitting from the invention during the term of the patent. To mitigate the impact of such monopoly, rival pharmaceutical companies make generic versions of drugs, which obviously come at a more affordable price. This is illegal in most countries, but prevails in nations like India which opted ...

Great ideas are coveted everywhere in the world, they are overly Bidded especially where they possess a significant commercial value. Incubators of such great ideas and who lack the means and resources to implement them have always taken cover under the well known patent rights.
A patent refers to exclusivity rights granted for an invention owned by an individual given to that individual in by a sovereign state in order to make the invention public.
Employers, have always taken opportunities to recruit those with great ideas which can give their organization a running gear in the ever competitive world. But ...

A monopoly is a market situation where there is only one seller but a number of buyers. The seller is the price maker. The monopolist enjoys absolute market power by virtue of which she can earn supernormal profit. The monopoly power depends, to a large extent, on the possible threats to competition. If the monopolist finds potential threat in terms of entry of competitive firms, the monopolist tries to take effective strategies to keep competitors at bay. The market power of the monopolist depends on how effective the entry barriers are. It is because of the entry barriers that he monopolist remains a ...

INTERNATIONAL 4- 8818: why are you talking to Liberty 5- 3000? You know doing that is wrong and it might cost you your life?
EQULITY 7- 2521: Not until you get this feeling that I have about her will you understand me. I have never felt like this before and I know she has awakened a certain desire in me that I have never imagined of before.
INTERNATIONAL 4-8818: but you know nothing is supposed to go on between her and you, at least according to the rules?
EQULITY 7- 2521: I am willing to pay the ...

Intellectual Property Advise for the Company.

First, let me take this opportunity to congratulate you for finding a way to make the lightweight rainwear jacket hood that does not cover the wearer's face. The move is likely to spur competitive advantage of the business in the regional, as well as international market (Grossman and Helpman 49). However, the move is just the first step; there is a long way to go to make sure that the business exclusively benefits from the solution we have just discovered. The legal way to do this is to identify the kind of intellectual property (IP) measure that will protect this idea. ...

Ian Donald was born on 27th December 1910 in Cornwall Scotland; he is celebrated for his invention of diagnostic ultrasound (Ian Donald History, 2014).
The use of ultrasound dates back to 1929 when the technology was applied in detecting the defects in metal constructions, but it was until 1956 that the ultrasound was introduced to diagnostic medicine by Ian Donald. Diagnostic ultrasound or diagnostic medical sonography is a medical imaging technique of examining the internal body structures and organs. Commonly examined structures, and organs include arteries, veins, pelvis, abdomen, and pregnant uterus and its gestation. Sonography uses high-frequency sound ...

Today the problem of plagiarism is very topical, as with the drastic increase in internet usage for different purposes, the number of pieces of intellectual property is also increasing. Internet and texts and pictures of different authors are used for studying, scientific research, which is why it is very important for people to be aware of what plagiarism means and how not to violate the copyright.
Plagiarism can be defined as an intentional attribution of authorship to someone else's product of literature, science, art, invention or rationalization invention (Blum 15). Such actions are subject to criminal and civil ...

The History and Development of Trains

Someone once said that necessity is the mother of invention. The invention of the Maglev train is a clear support of the statement as its invention was triggered by the ever growing population and expanding residential estates. It has created a need for a new generation of affordable, reliable and cheap mode of transport (Lee, Kim and Lee, 2006).The innovators responded by creating Maglev, a train which on top of being fast and reliable, had exemplary features such as low maintenance, eco-friendly, compact and light weight. Maglev dates back to 1934, when the German’s Herman Kemper obtained the patent for its ...

- What innovations or invention (technology) had the biggest impact on civilization throughout history, and why? The technology that you choose must be at least 100 years old or older. Consider how civilization has been affected by this technology over time.
We have often witnessed little new-born babies in the hospitals being cruelly injected with long needles. We hear the doctors saying, “It’s for their own good.” This is because those babies are being administered with vaccines to help them develop immunity against specific diseases that can ultimately prove fatal. Today, myriad vaccines exist that almost completely ...

There was a time when the knife in surgeons hand caused a panic death of the patients. It is very difficult to explain today, how much the medical science advanced or how much the surgical practice gained from the invention of medical anaesthesia that gave the patients the experience of painless operation.
Ether, a chemical substance was applied for the first time for medical anaesthesia on 16 October 1846 in surgery, by its inventor William Morton, at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston to operate the lump of a patient by surgeon John Warren. Invention of ether anaesthesia in surgical practice was a ...

Question 1

Technologically, a fundamental difference exists between innovation and invention. Invention refers to the act of generating a product or presenting a process, idea or tool for the very first time. In an invention, there are no previous authors who may have presented such an idea in the past. Innovation on the other hand refers to the process of continuously refining existing ideas or products in order to make substantial improvements to them. Technology is transferred from invention to innovation (Inzelt & Hilton, 1999). A good example of a technology invention is the Walkman which is a device that was able to play music and could ...

Medicine, Mayhem and Disease

Medicine, Mayhem and Disease
1. How and why did the status of physicians and surgeons change in the 18th and 19th centuries?
Before the eighteenth century, most of the physicians and surgeons employed practices that had been used for centuries, which have yielded little or no results. There was a high mortality rate. Before anesthesia was discovered, patients underwent painful operations . The surgeons employed brutal methods as they had no other option to save the life of the patient. Even after effective methods of medicine had been introduced in the later part of the century, the physicians and ...

Nikola Tesla is widely known for his great achievements in the field of physics. Once he turned upside down the people's ideas on the questions of commuted current and electricity, making a big step forward in the study of these phenomena. Much of his activity was beyond explanation, what as caused many myths around his personality, and I will try my best to convey the main objectives and achievements of his works in my paper.
Nikola Tesla was born on July 10, 1856, in the village of Smiljan (Croatia today) in the family of Serbian Greek Church priest (Childress, ...

According to John Kao , there are a few major connections between playing Jazz and doing innovation. First and foremost, it is the objectivity of Jazz and that it is the capability which is developed as a result of investment in self over a period of time. That way it becomes ingrained in self, and is something that is very hard to lose. Just as innovation, playing Jazz is not something along the lines of a mathematical formula, which you can learn in a short period of time. Like innovation, it is that deep capability that you build over time. Another of the similarity is ...

Introduction

History of Typography
Typography is the study of types the faces types and the evolution of printed letters. It can also be defined as the study of handwriting that offers a unique base for making type designs. It involves the art and methods of type designs, changing the type characters and their arrangement. Before the invention of movable types by one Johannes Gutenberg, books were mainly produced by scribes where lay copies were being used to serve the market. Several people who were involved in the invention of movable types include Garamond, Gutenberg, Divot, Arnold and Giambatista whose earlier ...

[Author Name]
[University/Institute]
Intellectual property (IP) is a concept which refers to the legal protection of sometimes tangible and mostly non-tangible elements which are creations of the mind. Legally speaking, Intellectual property laws give the owners or the creators exclusive rights of ownership for their works which can include inventions, literary works, works of art, designs, symbols, names and images specifically used for commercial purposes. Various types of IPs are protected by the law through the use of patents, trademarks, copyrights or trade secrets; in order to allow the creator or the owner to drive maximum benefit, financially ...

Patent it or keep it a secret?

Conventionally, the way to protect an invention is by patenting it. However, this seems to leave a window open for an individual in a less lawful country as it is less secure this way. Secrets are not secure, as hackers have become cunning, like China for instance has been reported to use thousands of hackers to steal foreign secrets. Unfortunately, it is hard to notice when these secrets have their way out, not until the Economic Espionage Act (EEA) made theft of commercial secrets a federal crime, several individuals were taking advantage of this loophole especially through insiders given the sensitive information ...

Patents are a way to grant monopoly to inventor in exchange for disclosure of inventors. Having publicly revealed an innovation, the producer gets the exclusive rights and hence more room for its successful monetization. The alternative for the inventor is to keep the invention as a secret, which is more attractive from the point of view of potential profits, but the inventor is exposed to the risks of information leaks.
Patents provide the incentive to innovate, with monopoly being the reward. Without patents, innovators would be challenged by the companies, which try to replicate the product not having spent on ...

Ancient Chinese Contributions

Introduction
China is a home for numerous inventors who created fascinating creations since the ancient time. Many Chinese people were able to invent such things that have been very useful even in the modern time. Those inventions were remarkably useful as many people around the world helped by these inventions to make their lives easier. In this writing, we argue that eight of these useful inventions or contributions proved some innovative change the way we live especially the four most genius creations as why we believe these are the most important inventions ever created. In addition, the study will ...

In the current digital era, multiple challenges arise as far as copyright is concerned. This is so especially because artistic and intellectual creations are often readily available on the internet, opening them to unauthorized reproduction or use unless they are properly protected (STM 2013). The Copyright Act of Canada outlines the works that are copyrighted, providing that a patent constitutes the right to produce or reproduce in part or whole any piece of artistic or intellectual creation in any form, including performance of music or publishing of unpublished works (Mincov 2013).

Who is Copyright Important To?

The foregoing factors underscore the need for strong copyright laws. ...

Though not grown in large scale due to its slow and difficult seed removal process from the cotton bolls, cotton was still a profitable crop before the introduction of the cotton gin. However, this situation changed drastically after the invention of cotton gin by Eli Whitney cotton in 1793. The cotton gin enabled easy removal of seeds, and this resulted into the explosion of cotton production in the southern states. However, Whitney’s invention changed society for the worst; slavery grew significantly after the introduction of the cotton gin. The use of cotton gin did not reduce the need for ...

Abanades, J., Rubin, E., & Anthony, E. (2004, March 26). Sorbent Cost and Performance in CO2 Capture Systems - Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research (ACS Publications) . I&EC Research. Retrieved October 1, 2013, from http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie049962v
Power plants are usually advised to apply Carbon dioxide capture in the final storage as an alleviation option to climate changes. Various carbon dioxide captures concepts apply sorption and desorption cycle as a method of separating Carbon dioxide from flue gas as well as oxygen from air. However, it is required that all carbon capturing processes must be in a position to handle the massive flow of carbon ...

Intellectual property or IP is a term used to refer different creations from the mind of individuals. These include things like inventions, names; images of things, literary works, and symbols are also part of intellectual properties and designs. Entrepreneurs or businesses use all these for different commercial purposes. They are called intellectual property because they’re creation of the mind and use one’s intellect for them to be created. They are mostly created by a person through their intellectual abilities, hence most are unique to each person.
Intellectual properties play a vital role in entrepreneurial firms. Some of the reasons ...

Proposition 1: A patent gives the patentee the exclusive rights, during its term, to exploit the invention and to authorise exploitation by another. Patents Act 1990 (Cth), s 13(1).

Exploit means:

- where the invention is a product – make, hire, sell or otherwise dispose of the product, offer to make, sell, hire or otherwise dispose of it, use or import it, or keep it for the purpose of doing any of those things; or
- where the invention is a method or process – use the method or process or do any act motioned in paragraph (a) in response of a product result from ...

- The numbers are adjectives where the cardinal numbers are used for counting items. The ordinal numbers show position or rank while the fraction numbers shows parts of shares or portions of something.

This shows that the origin of counting is from corresponding body parts e.g. the French used body parts like fingers in their counting to count numbers one to ten.
- The Nile flooding is expected to be synchronous with the real year.
The astronomers in ancient Egypt discovered that stars were more precise in making a calendar than the sun which they had used over ...

The ability for the federal government to issue patents is governed by the United States Constitution, Article 1, Section 8, Clause 8, “The Congress shall have the power . . . to promote the progress of science and useful arts by securing for limited times to . . . inventors the exclusive right to their . . . discoveries” (1787). Although recited in the powers of Congress, the right to issue patents has been delegated to an administrative agency within the Commerce Department, the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO, 2013). The ultimate enforcement of patents is overseen by the federal and state judiciary, through a system of ...

We live in a truly amazing world. The period of 19th-21th centuries is time of technological revolution. There were thousands of inventions, which had been made within this time frame. In my opinion the most important and valuable ones are : Invention of Electricity; Transistor (by Bardeen, Brattain, Shockley ); First computer with integrated circuits made with Robert Dennard later on with The microprocessor invented by Faggin, Hoff and Mazor.(1971), The World Wide Web and Internet protocol created by Tim Berners-Lee, invention of Cell phones in 1979 and many others. It all started with the invention of electricity and bringing ...

Introduction

The security threats in computers affect almost every organization and company. Hospitals have been affected by these security threats in one way or another for several years. The information about a given hospital or healthcare unit is crucial and should be protected at all costs. For instance, the information about all the patients and staff in a given hospital should not be accessed by the unauthorized individuals since when this takes place; the medical ethical standards are violated. Therefore, as a software developer, I came up with a unique information system security plan to be used in every health unit or hospital and ...

Question 1

China is one of the leading nations when it comes to study of nature beginning from the first, before birth of Christ until 15th century. The ten useful inventions made in China include;
- Papermaking, China invented paper in around 105A.C. This invention later spread to parts of Asia and later to Europe before heading to Africa.
- Movable type of printing was invented around 960 and 1279 AD. In those ancient times, movable type piece could be glued and detached from the iron plate when necessary. Characters were then assembled for printing and later distributed after ...

The patent cases involving mobile technology companies have recorded a tremendous increase over the past few years whereby the companies have accused one another on infringement of patents rights as well as violation of the safe competition as provided by various patent protection legislation in the United States and the rest of the world. The ruling of some of these cases end up either in favor of the appellate or the defendant depending on the validity of the evidence as well as to whether the arguments made by both sides is strong enough to convince the jury in their process of ...

Introduction

The government has the sole responsibility and duty of protecting its citizens and their properties whether tangible or intangible. In order to achieve this goal, the government through the legislature and judiciary formulates and enacts laws that aim at maintaining social order, status quo and protecting intellectual property rights of artists and inventors. Enactment of intellectual property laws is not a new phenomenon in United States because it has existed for many years. This fact affirms that the federal government has pledged its commitment and dedication in protecting intellectual property of artists and inventors in the country. Consequently, the government ...

In general, patents are meant to protect inventions which are proved to work in ordinary applications without fail. I support the argument that software is not patentable. This is simply because software is a development of algorithm transformed and presented in programming language. According to calculus developed by church lambda in his thesis, mathematics cannot be patented. As a result, software is not patentable since it is simply a textual representation of diverse mathematical functions.
Additionally, patents are intended to encourage innovation in the good interest of technological advancement. However software patents are scientifically considered to contrast this phenomenon. Instead of ...

Technology has touched our lives in almost every possible manner. It has made our lives easier and much more comfortable over the years. There are many technology marvels and inventions that have hit mankind since the early 20th century, which signifies in true sense the beginning of scientific era. Internet is one of such inventions, which has almost transformed our lives and affected our lives in some many different ways.
In most simple and lucid language, Internet is defined as a network of interlinked computers across the globe that is accessible and open to general public. In less than ...

Quite often cell phones have been termed as the greatest human invention ever. Moreover, cell phones have evolved and come a long way in almost four decades. Cell phones have changed a great deal from what they were 20 years ago from what they are now and resultantly their uses and utility has expanded and increased manifolds. The first public cell phone was developed by Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973 (Borgobello 2013). The phone was an astounding success since it kicked off the mobile phone revolution, which has resulted in the modern day smartphones and cell phones. Though the invention ...

Before the introduction of shelters, mankind used to live in caves. The emergence of caves came as a result of need for more safety and comfort as man became more civilized. Engineers have introduced new techniques of construction such shelters that have created a big impact to the current society. The invention of caveman engineering was in response to many needs as described below. Firstly, man needed a safe place to lodge. The engineering of pre-historic houses has encouraged more tourists to travel in such areas and camp there. In addition, it acts as a reminder of how people lived during the ancient ...

Introduction

Education plays a crucial role in humans’ lives. People always give a huge importance to it. That can explain the great progress that knew the education especially in the use of technology. Thus, the use of technology has and continues to be the most substantial use in education. Technology is a very influential factor in the field of education. Education technology is essentially associated with learning theory and instructional theory.
The technology of education have evolved gradually where in recent times mobile phones and computers are used in the developed countries to complement the established education practices not to forget to ...

The DCMA is a law enacted to protect the intellectual rights of individuals. It provides the basis with which inventors can ensure that other individuals do not use their inventions to fulfill their own commercial purposes. This in itself is theft, equal to taking someone else’s pay. However, it has come to the limelight that the law may also do wrong to the market. The law gives the inventors a twenty-year period with which it allows the inventor to do whatever he/she wants. This in itself creates a monopoly window for the inventor. History has taught the business world that monopolies ...

Introduction

Nicola Tesla, a mysterious and controversial scientist in modern days was born in Smiljan, Croatia in 1856. He acquired knowledge in Austrian Polytechnic and later advanced to the University of Prague. Tesla helped in the installation of the first telephone system for the Yugoslavian government. In 1983, Thomas Edison Company based in Paris gave him a one-year contract. Later he transferred to its headquarters, in New York. His contributions and inventions in electromagnetism initiated the second industrial revolution, in the late 19th and early 20th century. The prolific inventor’s theoretical works and patents formed the foundation of alternating current, the ...

Introduction

Initially, the term computer came into existence in 1613 and it referred to a person that performed calculations and computations. This went on until in the 19th century when it changed its meaning to refer a machine used in performing calculations. Charles Babbage introduced the first computing engine in 1822, which was capable of computing different sets of numbers as well as coming up with hard copies. However, the initial programmable computer came into existence in 1943 developed by Tommy Flowers, which aimed at helping British code breakers in order for them to read encrypted messages (Cullingford & Haq, 2009).

Invention ...

Social revolution refers to the restructuring of the complete configuration of society including the economic and industrial systems. Over the years, new technologies have immensely contributed to revolution in the social sphere in societies. Notably, four social revolutions have occurred in history as a result of introduction of new types of technologies. The technological improvements that were responsible for these social changes include: the introduction of irrigation machines for plants, the discovery of the plough machine, the discovery of the steam engine, and the discovery of the computer (White, 1964). The introduction of these new technologies impacted greatly on the ...

Intellectual property being included to become a part of the procurement process will benefit both the government plus the contractor in a number of ways. First of all, the government including the contractors will have an opportunity to make money (Lester, 2009). In ensuring that the contractor’s invention is regarded as his or her own property will ensure that the contractor receives the sum of money accrued to his or her invention. Moreover, the government will also be making money through imposing taxes and other levies of the invention.
Intellectual property being included in the procurement process will also ...

Microsoft v. AT&T

This case involves an ethical scenario where American Patent Law principles are violated in the global market. The Supreme Court of the United States in 2007 held that software compares could not be held liable for infringing certain patents as described under 35 U.S.C § 271(f). This statute created liabilities for exporting components of patented products. In this case, disincentives to trade were created by the Federal Circuit thereby creating liabilities for software manufacturers to benefit from the Loopholes enjoyed by other industries. For instance, non-infringing forms can be exported to other markets outside the country where the patent ...

The renaissance period which occurred between 1400 and 1600 in Europe marked a significant face of history. It was a period of time when the continent was recovering from a dark past that was dominated by wars and diseases. It was a time to leave everything behind and look for permanent solutions that would change the continent forever (Parker, 115). The experiences that the continent went through opened the mind of the people who had no others were transformed into scientists, doctors, teachers and artists. This was a transformation that began in Europe and spread to other parts of the world. In this paper, ...

Hamel talks about Morning Star, a company founded by Chris Rufer, and the concept that the company implemented with quite a large amount of success. Morning Star functions on the system of absolute zero structure and hierarchy. There is no designation of boss in the company, either in the formal or informal sense. All the members in the organization are their own bosses and function independently to meet the targets that conform to the corporate target. Hamel believes that managers and the hierarchy that they bring into the structure are most detrimental to the success. He argues that the modern day ...

William Ogburn

Historically, new technologies have caused unprecedented social changes. Some technologies have even gone to the extent of changing the conventional social fabric. New technologies introduce varying demands that require a new set of skills different from those used in a previous technology (Andersen & Taylor, 2010). As a result, technological changes have a strong impact on the social structures. As illustrated by William Ogburn’s theory, new technologies bring about social changes, and historically, there have been four social revolutions that have occurred as a result of new technologies.

The first social revolution came about after the discovery of hunting and farming tools. Hunting and ...