Kant College Essays Samples For Students

Essay

Immanuel Kant: Reason and Freedom
Immanuel Kant argues that being purely objective or purely rational and being independently free are two peas in a pod. As Kant argued in his widely known book Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, all human beings possess what he refers to as 'the idea of freedom' (Pasternack, 2002, 12). He builds his concept of categorical imperatives-- in the absence of which responsibility and morality would cease to exist-- upon the speculated idea that freedom is an omnipresent concept. Kant claims that it is clearly not possible for people to envision themselves as 'un-free' ( ...

Philosophy

The correlation of ethics and philosophy is a problem, it is difficult to say to what extent the morality is socially determined. In fact, we should talk about an individual morality, but even in this case, it should be borne in mind that even very personal, individual norms and moral values ​​in most cases have a social nature. In some cases, their social origin is not so obvious, but upon closer inspection we can find that any individual morality is largely socially determined. This situation is explained by the fact that the process of establishment and the formation of ...

Understanding Kant and Le Guin

This essay reviews Le Guin’s fictional story, “The Ones who walk away from Omelas” in light of Emmanuel Kant’s philosophy of enlightenment. Kant’s understanding of enlightenment focuses on man’s freedom from self-incurred tutelage. Kant believed that enlightenment offered people an opportunity to reduce intellectual bondage. He offered analysis of the occurrence of tutelage and made proposals for what it takes to be enlightened. Kant believes that human beings should be think freely (Kant 1). Human beings should be accorded dignified treatment regardless of their diversity because the human beings share the fundamental aspect of humanity. ...

While both Kant and Hobbes offer their theories on morality, interestingly, the two theories are quite opposed and contrasting. The disparity can perhaps be explained by differences in their theses. Kant’s theory is based on the rationalistic model, while Hobbes prefers an empirical approach. Nevertheless, a common theme in their approaches is that both of them adopt a subjective point of view. In other words, they prefer a person centered or subjective approach on the issue of morality. The following discussion will compare the approaches of two thinkers on the issue of morality and will also highlight the differences between them. ...

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was born in Konigsburg, East Prussia. He attended a classical Latin School at age eight where he studied for the next eight years. He then moved to the University of Konigsburg where he studied mathematics, philosophy and physics. He left his studies for a while when his father died and earned a living as a private tutor. In 1755 he returned to the university and earned his doctorate. He became a professor there teaching metaphysics and logic. In 19792, the King of Prussia prohibited Kant from speaking or writing on religious subjects; Kant obeyed the order. As ...

Proponents of utilitarianism envision a situation where human actions are judged by their consequences. According to Bentham, the best moral action must always maximize utility. Simply put, actions should ensure they bring about the greatest happiness among human beings. An action that does not promote happiness among people therefore does not meet this threshold. Bentham further argues that such actions must involve the two aspects of happiness; quality and quantity. Consequences, therefore, not legality, should form the basis of justification of actions by humans. Stuart Mill supports this proposition by arguing that bringing or increasing pleasure among humans should ...

Kantian distinction between action done in accord with duty and action done from duty

During the formulation of universal law, Immanuel Kant established a distinction between actions done from duty and actions done in accord with duty. Actions from duty are those motivated by an individual’s desire to do his duty; the actions, however, are not in line with the requirements of morality. In such a situation, the individual is mistaken about what his duty entails. The individual intends to do what he believes is his/her duty; his accomplishment of the task is an action from duty whether it is wrong or right. The person is unaware of the oral facts he should consider ...

Essay

Introduction
The foundation for a modern discourse on inequality is Jean Jacques Rousseau's Discourse on the Origin of Inequality or more commonly known as the Second Discourse. In this work, Rousseau tried to demonstrate that civil society naturally creates inequality. He believed that the 'state of nature' was a theoretical concept that described what human beings would become without social order or society (Rousseau, 2010). Rousseau argued that there are two types of dependence-- dependence on things and dependence on men. Dependence on things, being devoid of moral elements, brings about no immoralities and does not harm liberty. On ...

Kantian theory

Discussion on the modern philosophical thought cannot fail to acknowledge the works of Immanuel Kant. Kant argued that reason shapes human behaviour and that reason is a source of morality. He believed that reason enables an individual to be guided by certain principles (Wood, 2007). In this regard, reason is a major concept of the human mind which helps in shaping the experience of human beings. Kant observed that space and time are major components of human sensibility. His beliefs have been useful in various fields of philosophy. These fields include ethics, aesthetics, metaphysics and epistemology.

The major work of Kant

Although Kant contributed ...

Positive discrimination is a type of affirmative action intended to equalize the disadvantage that minority groups have previously experienced. It centers on the idea that justified discrimination is required in certain circumstances in order for minority groups and individuals to gain equality in society. While both Kant and Aristotle would argue against positive discrimination, Kant would do so based on his principle of morality, whereas Aristotle would base his argument on the fairness of the outcome.
Kant had firm ideas concerning the differentiation between principled and unprincipled policies. Kant argues that proper political thinking should start by confirming two ...

Immanuel Kant is the most famous German scientist, philosopher, founder of German classical philosophy, a man whose work had an enormous influence on the development of the philosophical thought of XVIII and later centuries. He was the fourth kid out of nine. Kant enrolled at the University of Konigsberg as a theology student, but was soon attracted to mathematics and physics. ("Immanuel Kant Biography", n.d.) During the study, he worked as a private tutor, published scientific papers. Later he became a professor at his university, teaching metaphysics and logic. Kant continued to write on philosophy until shortly before his ...

[Class Title]

Protecting animal rights is one of the major advocacies in contemporary society and such fervor can be attributed to animal rights advocates with the likes of Tom Regan. In his article ‘The Case for Animal Rights,’ Regan took an absolutism stand in support animal rights and established the theoretical framework of absolutism or Kantianism as the most plausible moral and ethical foundation why humans should protect animal rights at all cost. Regan approached his topic by examining ethical theories that serves as the common basis of human morality. According to Regan, it is fundamentally wrong for humans ...

Essay 1.

The universal formula of the categorical imperative is an objective law which proceeds from a subjective maxim – action and will. That is, when a given ethical consideration presents itself, a person must ask whether the action of his will agrees with nature (Kant 38). By its definition, the categorical imperative is the basis of duty. By nature, Kant means that which is objective, and that which exists as a part of nature – abiding by the laws of nature (Kant 38). Kant continues by stating that in ethical considerations, or duty, one must act subjectively through one’s will to ...

Introduction

The primary purpose of philosophy is to clarify and refine the human thought processes so that the state of affairs and hence the reality of the world are clear. As such, philosophical problems are a failure to come up with the explanations of things that happen in the environment and by extension in the world. Philosophy is critical in refining the human's basic concepts that are applied to understand the reality. Just like in other sciences that are driven by the experimentations in the search for the truth, philosophy is informed by the questions that cannot be easily answered ...

“Gone Baby Gone” is a mystery film masterfully directed by Ben Affleck, an actor and a screenwriter. The kidnapping story set in the criminal districts of Boston depicts the characters and their neighborhoods as backward and appalling. At the very beginning of the film, we find out that Amanda McCready, a little girl, has gone. Thus, her aunt and uncle decide to involve two private detectives, Patrick Kenzie and Angie Gennaro, into the police investigation of the girl missing. Meanwhile, Amanda’s drug-addicted mother does not skip any episode of Jerry Springer Show, even though her child has disappeared. ...

Philosophy Questions

1. Ross’ s Moral Theory is considered to stand between Kant’s strict deontological theory and theological theory of utilitarianism. According to the philosopher, there existed several prima facie duties that people had to hold in respect if they did not contradict one another. In case they conflicted, human’s intuition would help to make the right choice and find the weightiest and the most important duty. Ross stated that any prima facie obligation could be redefined by more important ones. While Kant saw all obligations absolute and exceptionless, Ross allowed maximization of the good as one of the ...

Philosophy

Question 1
Kant talks about two kinds of imperatives that create groundwork for metaphysics of morals. The two kinds of imperatives that Kant talks about include; hypothetical and categorical imperatives. Hypothetical imperative focuses on the consequences of an action that a person takes. A person can lie to save a life which is allowed under the hypothetical imperative. On the other hand, categorical imperative is the moral obligation that is absolute. Categorical imperative focuses on people acting on a principal that is deemed rational to all people in the society.
According to Kant’s deontological ethics, morality is measured ...

Feature film “Gone, Baby, Gone” directed by Ben Affleck and based on the novel by the same name by Dennis Lehane does not only keep the attention of spectators but also makes them face a moral dilemma and judge if the final action by the main character, Patrick Kenzie, was right or wrong.
In the article about this film, which is called “The cruelest crime of all” and was published by The Guardian in 2008 the author gives such a plot review: “The film has a sinuous, labyrinthine plot and what begins as a combination of police procedural thriller ...

Immanuel Kant stance on ethics is remarkable, as it pays no heed to the consequences of an action arguing that there exist particular objective rules that can be discovered by reasoning beings. The categorical imperative is simply an expression of this. Such theories are called “deontological” ethical theories; the root of the word is derived from the Greek word “deon” that means duty. Therefore, the categorical imperative states that people have a duty to act in particular ways according to moral laws. Kant’s categorical imperative pays a greater emphasis on the intent of an action as opposed to ...

The following paper will address the question, “According to Kant, why can the moral value of an action not lie in the consequences?” This question is one that must be read and re-read to fully comprehend. The goal of the essay is to explain Kant’s justification for the statement of the value of a moral action being independent of the resulting consequences. Kantian philosophy emphasizes that universality must be used when asking oneself whether something is moral or immoral. Therefore in Kant’s view not all moral value will result in a specific or predictable consequence, but the ...

German Philosopher Immanuel Kant views of morality were centered on the principle of good will. Kant defines good will as “the concept of a faculty of action according to a conception of universal law” (Deontology pg 9). This encompasses the belief that one’s motive is the determining factor in whether or not an individual possesses good or bad morals and, not the outcome of his actions. Thus, an individual who possesses good will shall only make decisions that they believe to be morally worthwhile regardless of the gains to be had or the possible outcomes. This is what ...

Q.1
Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), a German philosopher, is known for his moral philosophical theories that define human behavior, moral standards or requirements and consequences of such behavior. Central to his deontological moral theories is the aspect of human reason which he argues is the source of morality and which should guide human conduct and experience. Referred as the Kantian ethics, these theories may be relevant in modern policing practices.

Kant’s Moral and Ethical Theories

Immanuel Kant developed the deontological moral theory through which he argued that the decision as to what is right or wrong, that is ethical, with reference to human actions, ...

Introduction

Ethics refers to those things that are firmly accepted ideas about what we should do in given situations (Velasquez, Andre, Shanks, and Meyer). For example, ethics might refer to a standard that says that stealing or murder or assault is not the right thing to do, and so it imposes restrictions on those activities. Ethics also includes virtues, such as honesty, compassion, and loyalty. The right to life, the right to privacy, and the right to be safe are also embedded in ethics, whether stated directly or not. What these things have in common is that the standards of ...

Emmanuel Kant describes enlightenment as a situation of self-awareness where an individual emerges from self-imposed immaturity. Thus, this state marks a transition from darkness to awareness, and it comes with freedom. Moreover, Kant regards immaturity as a complete inability of an individual to use his conscience or understanding without the intervening guidance of another person (Deligiorgi, 2005). A clear lack of resolve and courage precipitates to the denial of personal freedom, but an affliction on others for sole guidance. Principally, Kant’s assertion about enlightenment is entrenched on having the courage to use personal understanding and courage to dispense ...

Julian Young is one of the most prominent philosophers of the United States and a prominent researcher of the German philosophy of the 19th and 20th centuries. He is the author of more than 10 philosophical books and numerous articles awarded the highest honors in the field of philosophy. In his book The Death of God and the Meaning of Life, Young explores the most relevant question in the postmodern era. The question of the meaning of life has been studied by many philosophers, but each of them has their own ideas about what makes sense and what God ...

Utilitarianism and Kant’s Moral Theory differ in several ways. For example, utilitarianism defines ethical values based on the end results as opposed to the anticipated consequences. On the other hand, Kant's ethical theory determines the rectitude of a deed based on the entire ethical decision with regard to the nature of the deed; the results are totally unimportant. Also, the two theories differ on the fundamental moral principles. For example, utilitarianism emphasizes on creating value for other people while Kant considers procedures to be imperative in determining the morality of an action. This paper explores the similarity, differences, ...

The idea that humanity can be sure of the knowledge that it has is generally taken for granted. Skeptics have pointed out that it is, in fact, impossible to know reality in any significant way and be relatively sure that this knowledge is legitimate. Since this argument was made, philosophers have attempted to overcome the need to establish some basis for knowledge that they could be sure of. While those such as Descartes used pure reason in order to come to some basic conception of reality, thinkers such as Locke and Kant focused primarily on empirical knowledge in order ...

Is Euthanasia OR Physician-Assisted Suicide Better than leading Unhappy Life as a Burden?

This is an ethical question that invokes a serosae of responses in order to bets handle it. While pain has been in existence since the traditional times, the question whether euthanasia is an ideal ethical method for ending severe pain to a patient remains a subject of discussion. Just like proponents have different theoretical viewpoints to assert the validity of euthanasia; it is the same way that opponents question the credibility of this process in the modern ethical realms. This topic is purely concerned with decisions about the relevance of euthanasia to the social dynamics, and whether it should ...

The motto of enlightenment is “Have courage to use your own reason.” Philosopher Immanuel Kant described enlightenment as a path that all of us have access to, but few of us take advantage of. It is defined as “a man’s release from his self-incurred tutelage” (Kant, 1). That is, enlightenment is self-incurred because most of society adopts the dominant feelings of the popular majority.
However, Kant presents it is difficult for individuals to reach a level of such enlightenment because they lack the courage to do so. It takes courage to stand out on one’s own faith, ...

Racism

There are two main questions that any person who follows Kantian Ethics must ask before they perform any action. Is the action the accepted norm, meaning will others act in the same manner? Will the act respect others and their shared goals? If the answer to either question is no, then under Kantian Ethics it is deemed that one should not perform the action. Immanuel Kant devised a theory by which a person must decide whether or not to perform an action not based on the outcome or consequences, but instead based upon whether or not those actions will fulfill a shared ...

Immanuel Kant’s philosophy about moral judgment as a categorical imperative and unsupported hypothetical imperative is argued by Philippa Foot who defends the moral judgment as hypothetical imperative, while J.L. Mackie confronts Kant’s categorical imperative criticizing it as lacking objective validity. Whereas Foot sustains that moral judgments can be inherent as hypothetical imperatives, Mackie demonstrates that the lack of objectivity in moral judgments leads to an inconsistency in Foot’s argumentation.
Besides criticizing the difference between the hypothetical imperatives and the categorical imperatives, grammatically marked through “should” versus “ought”, in his essay “Morality as a System of Hypothetical Imperatives” ...

Kantianism is an ethical theory developed by the German philosopher, Immanuel Kant. The theory focuses on the correctness or wrongness of the actions themselves, as opposed to the correctness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions or the disposition of the actor (Holzhey and Mudroch 35). Kant's ethics further hold that people are bound to an ethical duty by universal ethical rules. Therefore, to act right in accordance with Kant's ethics would be motivated by appropriate universal principles that treat everyone as an end rather than just a mere means. The philosopher further asserts that being motivated by ...

The business discourse is a very interesting concept that exists in the modern society. Many people are trying to maximize their profit through all the possible ways that they can think of. Nothing stops them in creating income and adding it to their pocket. The debate in the world of business does not only aim on the first very prime aim of all the business relations. Some people may say that business exists only in order to increase the profit. However, there are different opinions that consider quite an opposite answer. There is a thought that the business world ...

Categorical imperative is universal and it means that all the people have to act in accordance with the requirements of morality no matter whether people agree with them or not. Kant believes that it is the priority to be able to discern right actions from wrong actions. Universal law is of the utmost importance and the right actions are moral and have to be universal in similar situations.
People have to behave in a way which is good for other people and for themselves as well because other people have to respect the same law. Kant says that the ...

Deontology is an ethical branch dealing with good activities, duties, and right obligations. It originated from a Greek word deon meaning duty. Abortion makes people take sides thus causing polarization of individuals, especially opportunists such as politicians and the liberals. Liberals and feminists use the utilitarian argument while politicians use the deontological positions. Deontological approach uses moral actions and duties to murder those practicing abortion. However, pregnancy interruption before birth is viewed from different angles and ethical conclusion from different perceptions are allowed from various rights and theories.
Deliberate determination of pregnancy has been a discussion over the years. ...

Research is essential for the advancement of any field of study. Nevertheless, this becomes complicated when the object of the investigation is a human, as there is an accepted guideline that one should not do harm onto a person. In order to assure proper treatment of humans, ethical committees have arisen in many parts of the world, limiting the research that may be done. However, this comes into tension when one also takes into account the notion of liberty, as the two could contradict each other.
In this sense, some would argue that ethics committees should not interfere in ...

For Kant, differentiation between synthetic and analytic knowledge, a priori and a posteriori knowledge are essential building blocks in philosophy. The knowledge or judgment is a priori synthetic if it comprises of pure reason. It is a truth that is applicable to the objects; no matter people have or do not have experience of the object. An example is the judgment, knowledge, or proposition that God exists. A Priori knowledge is based on the reason, and it is independent of all the experiences, and it is applied with strict universality. A Posteriori knowledge is based on experience, and is ...

The issue of moral community is a hotly debated topic by philosophers, especially in the field of ethics. It is paramount to realize that moral community refers to the beings that are held in high regard by an individual as opposed to a community or grouping of the people who act in a moral way. The “beings” in this context refers to the issues that a person has to consider their rightness before acting in a way that could affect them. For example, a person about to hit a wall may not be concerned whether it is right to ...

The Marxian theory and the Enlightenment theory express different views on subjectivity. In this work attention is paid to the key differences between the Marxian theory and the enlightenment theory and how each of them influence the definition of a just society, the most widely practiced theory today is also considered.
The Marxian theory sees man’s status and happiness to be determined by alterations in man’s material possessions (Marx 11). It basically views man to be subject to his material possessions and to some extent not able to function independently in cases where the material possessions are ...

John Stuart Mill was a philosopher who rejected the notion of psychological egoism. In essence, Mill expressed support for utilitarianism under a hedonistic belief. Hedonism in this case “implies that the mental state of pleasure is the only thing having intrinsic value (and the mental state of pain is the only intrinsic evil),” (Brink, 2014). It is the idea that everyone is pursuing a state of happiness, and should always behave and make choices that will bring them closer to that point of happiness. A person should pursue decisions that will also contribute to the greatest happiness of all ...

Introduction

Ethics is a broad concept that impacts individuals and organizations alike. Over the years, many scholars have tried to study ethics and determine its importance in organizational settings and most agree that there is a strong link between ethics and organizational success. Ethics is especially significant in the context of the hospitality industry due to the nature of its operation. The hospitality industry, for instance, deals directly with different types of people in the delivery of their products and services; people who have different sets of values that can impact the company’s operation and culture. In the face ...

The Name of the School

Introduction
Some people argue that to make important advances in clinical and scientific research, sometimes, ethical considerations have to be disregarded. In research, ethical issues are generally thought of as the set of rules that distinguish right from wrong. Ethics can take the form of a generalized rule of thumb, such as the “golden rule,” which says that you should not do to others what you would not like done to yourself; or, ethics can be codes of professional conduct, such as the Hippocratic Oath, which says “First of all, do no harm.” Researchers are usually legally bound to ...

Harvard University

Kant on Ethics
There are those who would ascribe the human sense of morality, the sense of right and wrong, on religion; others, such as Immanuel Kant, on reason. The principal basis upon which Kant imputes morality is on good will, which he claims is an intrinsic value universal to all people, independent from external influences. But for good will to be valid, any good action that issues from such good will must be motivated by good will and a sense of duty – not whether one is inclined to do good. The motivation to do good stems from within ...

Deontology is philosophy of ethics proposed by Kant, which is based on absolute ethics and morality. Deontological ethics demand perfect morals and ethics that are universal in nature. This school of thought believes in focusing more on means than the consequences/ends (consequentialism). Moreover, deontology demands its adherers to focus on their own conduct and course of actions than criticizing or scrutinizing the behavior of others. Deontological ethics are criticized by the opponents of this theory as according to them, the ethics and morals presented by Kant are influenced by a religious philosophy and has no scientific reasoning behind its stance. ...

Abstract

“The main reason knowledge is produced is to solve problems.” The following paper explores this statement, dealing with the premise that knowledge itself has an inherent purpose to solve a particular need, which is what motivates humanity to gain said knowledge. Areas of knowledge have their own processes for producing knowledge, from the objective analysis of the sciences to the subjective analysis of the arts. In essence, the purpose of finding knowledge is to solve the inherent issues that come with humanity and sentience – namely, discovering what our collective purposes are, and finding ways to address the unknown in order ...

Positive discrimination is a phenomenon which is aimed at targeting and acting in favor of those groups of people which have been actively discriminated against in the past. Hence it can be named as the policy which allows providing such individuals with benefits and advantages because they had been deprived of them in the past. The premise for positive discrimination is not favoritism or nepotism rather it is an action which is allowed only to those who have suffered from the act’s deprivation in the past, due to their gender, race or disposition at that particular time. Therefore, ...

The movie ‘Gone Baby Gone’ from 2007 is the directorial debut by the Hollywood actor Ben Affleck. The topic is the private investigation of the little girl’s abduction which went into the unexpected direction. This art piece got mostly positive reviews. In a center of the audience’s and critic’ attention is the very ending of the movie and the moral dilemma expressed by it. Dilemma is presented through the action of the main character, young private detective, Patrick Kenzie (Casey Affleck). He has to decide: will he leave the saved little girl in the hands of the ...

(Professor/Instructor)
(Course/Major)
(Institute/University)

Introduction

Thesis Statement: Kantian ethics, as a utilitarian view, holds that man is the end of the act to be benefitted from instead of the means to achieve the goal.
One of the most denigrating crimes known to man, the trade in people is a crime that impacts the global community. Traffickers trick men, women, and children from almost every country and then “sell” them to traders looking to exploit their situation. Though the most prevalent form of human trafficking is for the illicit sex trade, others are sold into slavery, and even at times into syndicates ...

Even though one is bombarded every day with experiences that seem to be from the outside world, it is important to reflect on their validity and source before coming to a premature conclusion using only intuition. There is a general consensus that there is an outside world, which is what people feel and navigate through every day, and which has certain characteristics. Nevertheless, if one stops to critically examine the evidence that there is for this conclusion, one can see that many other interpretations are also possible. Most philosophers do not negate the different experiences and the possibility of ...

The Categorical Imperative

The categorical imperative is the highest principle that was founded by Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher. It is categorical because it does not depend on a person’s specific wish and imperative because means a command of a reason. According to Kant, it is not ethical or moral to use other people in order to achieve your personal goals or gain a profit. For example, if you need money and there is somebody who can lend it to you but you know exactly that you cannot afford to pay the debt it is not right to borrow.
Kant considers ...

For a long time, there have existed two opposing views in the study of moral and ethical norms of society. The first position can be defined as moral universalism. Proponents of this position believe that the entire international community, and each person separately, can be subjected to a uniform system of values ​​and laws. The second position is represented by moral relativism, the essence of which is the opposite view to the regulation of society. Moral relativism denies the existence of a common moral law for all people, arguing that there are many different cultures and each of them ...

Part 1

1.True
2.True.
3.True
4 True
5 False.
6. False
7. True.
8. True
9. False
10. True.
11. True
12. True
13. True
14. True
15. True

Part 2

This was a value which was sourced from Jesus teaching. Soul Force was used to transform and bring peace to Indian people movement society by Gandhi. Today, it is used to change lives of women, men, and children who stay in violent households.
The argument of soul force claims that ends and means are inseparable and close. Gandhi rejected the idea that injustice should not be tolerated by all means. Violent, unjust ...

Analysis

The plan of ABC Company to build an adult entertainment retail store in the newly acquired land raises an ethical issue. The ethical issue arises from the fact that Owen is Luke’s brother who works for the company and has been assigned to develop the land for the construction of the entertainment facility. The construction of the facility would reduce the market price of the estate. Owen intends to sell the land and, therefore, Luke is concerned that the land belonging to his brother will deteriorate in price. Luke considers telling his brother Owen about the construction to ...

Perhaps the single most important idea in any theory of morality is the idea of freedom. Morality can only exist in a state where there is a choice to be made between different courses of action and choices only exist when there is a certain amount of freedom. Conceptualising and understanding this freedom is one of the hardest tasks for philosophers today, though Kant laid down an excellent foundation for it nearly two and a half centuries ago. One of his most important ideas is that of a universal moral law which must apply to all rational beings. This ...

Fact

Luke works for ABC and has come to know about a project to build an adult entertainment retail store in his brother’s neighborhood. Logically, this will diminish the value of his brother’s home. Nevertheless, he has a confidentiality agreement with the company, so he should not tell this information to his brother.
Furthermore, Owen, his brother, has been thinking about selling his home, and received an offer for an acceptable amount of money last week. Nevertheless, he has not taken the final decision, as he is considering postponing the sell to see if the real estate market ...

In the late 1700s, Immanuel Kant had his first attempt to investigate the ground from which human knowledge established certain limits by investigating the structures of the human mind. In Kant’s (1781) Critique of Pure Reason, he argued that knowledge does not just come from experience but also from impressions created from the faculty of knowledge or a priori, which is independent of all experience. Meanwhile, Kant’s theory of perception insists “imagination is a necessary ingredient of perception itself” (Kant, 1965, p.120). It appears therefore, that impressions tend to produce images through the receptive sensible capacities of ...

Assignment Title

Categorical imperative for me
Categorical imperative is the highest moral principle the man can choose to pursue. According to Kant the moral principle that we choose for ourselves should be unconditional, i.e. not depending on empirical conditions or objects of desire. It ultimately can be formulated as “Act only according to that maxim whereby you can, at the same time, will that it should become a universal law" (Kant & Ellington, 1993, p. 30). For me the categorical imperatives that I abide by are the following:
1. I should constantly develop my own intelligence, skills, abilities and talents.
...

Justice!!! So sounded word that always arises in many controversial opinions and viewpoints. People cannot come to an agreement on the point, what can be recognized as a justice. The issues of justice and identifying who was right, but who was wrong always attracted me. How often was I involved in various discussions after watching movies or participating in the real situations happened. In this assignment, I would like to reflect on the 28-minute video episode where Michael Sandel – the lecturer from Harward University explains to the students Emmanuel Kant’s theory of the metaphysics of morality.
My first ...

Philosophically, there are intrinsic and extrinsic objections to Mrs. Pettit’s behavior. Intrinsic objections state that the behavior is morally wrong regardless of the consequences of it, while extrinsic objections propose the behavior is not wrong, but the outcome is morally unacceptable. In this case, the intrinsic objections involve the act of group oral sex while extrinsic objections are the potential impact on her students in the event of discovery. Classical theories of ethical behavior may assist in clarification. Utilitarians believe that benefits to society as a whole take precedence over individuals; in other words, the most good for ...

[Class Title]

Introduction
The novel, ‘City of Thieves’ by David Benioff, presents an opportunity to analyze the concept of masculinity under the circumstances of war. What is significant in this literary work is that manliness emerges under extreme adversity, which is often considered as the very test of being a man. Although Benioff’s ‘City of Thieves’ is fictional, the circumstances are realistic and is based on a historical incident that happened around six decades ago in Leningrad, which is the present day St. Petersburg in Russia. Becoming a man is one of the most confusing rhetoric there is. ...