Neuron College Essays Samples For Students

Nervous System

1. Neurons communicate with other neurons and stimulate both glands and muscles.
2. Match the following parts of the neuron and their function:

Dendrites input area, receives signals from other neuron conductive region; generates an action potential Soma (cell body) input area; main nutritional and metabolic area input area; receives signals from other neurons
Axon conductive region; generates an action potential
input area; main nutritional and metabolic area
3. Signals from other neurons are received at junctions called synapses, located primarily on the dendrites and cell bodies, the receptive and integrative regions of the neuron.
...

Lesson 5 Answers:

24.) Plants are classified into four major groups: Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and lastly the Angiosperms. Bryophytes are the plants that do not have true vascular systems, which consist of the xylem and the phloem. In this group, includes the mosses, liverworts and hornworts. Together, they are considered as land plants that reproduce their own asexually by producing spores. Spores are produced in the ‘sporangium’ (plural sporangia), a bulb-like structure located at the top of the stalk. It can only be seen through the use of high powered microscope. Because they lack vessels that can bring the nutrients from the roots ...

Abstract. In recent time, connectomics which is filed aimed to construct wiring diagram of the brain at the level of synapses and their connections has gained an increasing interest and is very promising for neuroscience. Advance in technology allow to acquire huge volumes of data and the challenge for researchers and scientist now is storage, visualization, and processing of the data. Developing GPU technology provides effective solutions for computing on large datasets and its visualization. Moreover, several recent work propose techniques for optimized segmentation, reconstruction, proofreading, and visualization of connectome. However, existing solutions are still not efficient enough and ...

Depression is a common disease which causes the patient to suffer from behaviors and thoughts which are negative and also by certain changes in bodily activities. These physical changes are called neurovegetative signs like body aches, crying spells, low libido, insomnia and weight fluctuations. There are different kinds of depressive disorders like manic depression, clinical depression, dysthymic disorder, postpartum depression, chronic depression and others. There are no specific causes of depression, it is caused by a combination of factors which are psychological, biochemical, genetic and environmental (Lunbeck Institute 2). It is therefore a complex disorder which has no specific treatment which is ...

Re-uptake involves the reabsorption of neurotransmitters by any of the neurotransmitter receptors or transporters. The transporters involved are usually of pre-synaptic neurons. Re-uptake occurs after the neurotransmitter has transmitted a neural impulse. Re-uptake is very crucial in order for the normal functioning of synapses to take place. This is because it allows the neurotransmitters to be recycled, thereby regulating their levels in the synapse. This in turn dictates the length of time it takes for a signal - generated by neurotransmitter release - to last. Neurotransmitters are usually large hydrophilic molecules that cannot pass through the neuronal membranes. For this reason, ...

The deep tendon reflexes are used to assess the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system, testing these reflexes can also be used to determine the presence of neuromuscular disease. The underlying mechanism of the examination is to test muscle contraction in response to stretching of a muscle. The reflex itself is a monosynaptic reflex, which controls skeletal muscle length. Specifically when a muscle lengthens the sensory receptors, or muscle spindle, within the muscle is stretched leading to increased nerve activity. This increase in nerve activity leads to an increase in alpha motor neuron activity, which leads to muscle contraction, thus resisting ...

The human brain is the most complex part of the human body that is very hard to understand. Our brains behave in a way that neuroscientists and psychologists have never understood. Its ability to control body functions and consciousness is one of the most challenging section that these individuals are still struggling to figure out. The human brain capacity of 1350 cc and it is made up of a very complex network of neurons that develop during the last three months of development (The Function of the Human Brain, 2016). The way we perceive the world around us is ...

Muscle contraction is a very important activity that enables an organism perform various bodily movements and flexible actions, in response to nerve stimuli. Muscle fibers are multinucleated long cylindrical cells that have an outer membrane called sarcolemma, and are mainly composed of contractile elements called myofibrils (Dougherty, 2016). Myofibrils are made up of repeating units called sarcomeres. Sarcomeres in turn are composed of (thin) actin and (thick) myosin protein filaments called myofilaments (Dougherty, 2016). The muscle fiber structure and organization is shown in Fig 1.

Contraction Mechanism – Sliding Filament Theory

According to the sliding filament theory, during contraction myosin filaments remain constant in length, ...

Research Findings

Music exists everywhere in our life; though its influence is not always obvious people should not underestimate the significance of its role. It has the influence on all people in different ways, the fact is that music does affect all people. It is used in various ways to improve our lives and express something that cannot be represented in words. There is an opinion that music is much more influential for emotions and feelings than the language in a psychological context. Moreover, people can become acquainted with music and exposed to its influence even before they are born: it ...

Psychology

Chapter 3 Summary
The chapter talks about the human nervous system. It starts with an introduction to neuron, its constituents and functions. It tells about neuron and its various constituents like Soma, Dendrite, Axon , Terminal Button, Synapse, Glia etc. Then it talks about neural impulse and various types of neurons like post synaptic and pre synaptic neuron. Then the chapter tells us about PSP which stands for Post Synaptic Potential. It tells about the differences in Agonist and Antagonist PSPs. Then the chapter tells about various transmitters and their roles like Dopamine, Serotonin, Norepinephrine etc. and the diseases ...

Article critique

1. What study report is this?
Hayes, B. T., Harter, R. A., Widrick, J. J., Williams, D. P., Hoffman, M. A., & Hicks-Little, C. A. (2012). Lack of neuromuscular origins of adaptation after a long-term stretching program. Journal of Sports Rehabilitation, 21, 99-106.
2. Purpose and general rationale. What was the general purpose of the study? What questions does it raise?
The purpose of this study was to examine the possible neurological origin and adaptations in the Ia-reflex pathway that allows the increase the flexibility of ankle range of motion (ROM). This study evaluated the neurological changes occurring ...

Introduction

Psychology was in its rudimentary form in the early nineteenth century. It was just beginning to separate its own identity from the discipline of Philosophy. Various concurrent developments were happening in Europe and the US. Major advancements were initiated by Germen psychologists Wilhelm Wundt and others, who believed in experiments as a way to develop theories by actively interfering in the natural phenomenon. A few decades before Wundt established a laboratory for psychology, rapid strides in understanding of the nervous system was happening. By 1830s, human physiology was turning into an experimental discipline from being a descriptive science. The emerging physiology influenced ...

Vestibular Projections

Vestibular projections in the central nervous system consist of vestibular end organs which communicate with the brain stem and the cerebellum via the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve. These nerves are also connected to the auditory fibers. Thus damage caused to these structures can cause both vestibular and auditory disturbances. The vital function of the vestibular system is to coordinate head and eye movements. The ability of the eye to stay focused on an object even while the head is moving is brought about by the vestibular system.

Vestibular Cochlear Nerve

The vestibulo cochlear nerve or the auditory nerve is ...

Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field. In this area of study, scientists research on the comprehensive structure and function of the brain. There are various interests that scientists can take within the science. They range from the molecular fabric of the neuron together with its biochemical processes to the macroscopic structure of the brain. The study further entails the brain’s relation to cognitions, emotions and behavior. These three factors work hand in hand towards a common objective. The goal is to provide answers to our most pressing individual and societal issues.
Currently, neuroscience is the fastest growing field in ...

Introduction

The body is on an ongoing and continuous quest to maintain an environment characterized with equilibrium. Scientifically, this state is called homeostasis. It is the body’s internal mechanism that is meant to make the person survive, despite the numerous internal and external changes it may encounter. The body of a person who was acutely exposed to a colder than usual environment would, for example, react by preserving the heat that is currently stored in and generated by the body—something which can be done in a lot of ways such as, but may not be limited to vasoconstriction, ...

Contact Address:

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
The concept of social marketing has been a significant force driving the market, particular in such 21th century that is market by the developed technology. As part of its characteristic, social marketing is based on the relevant connection that is established among the targeted group in the market (Gates, Copeland, Stevenson, & Dillon, 2007, p.143). Indeed, selling of behaviors, ideas, and attitudes is currently considered as the key principles of social marketing perspective. Social forces can generally be clarified into three forms: Obedience, Compliance and Conformity in which social norm factor is the key drivers for young ...

The debate on sexual orientation has been going on for a long time in the world. There are many researches some claiming that the homosexual people are socially assimilated towards being homosexual from the social environment. There are others who hold to the opinion that it is entirely a hormonal aspect that develops as one grows. There are those who take a position in between the two and belief that gender and sexual orientation are as a result of the interplay between the environment and the genetic and hormonal state of the individuals. As it was learned recently, the hypothalamus plays an important ...

The nervous system can be divided into two groups: the central nervous system (CNS), which comprises of the brain the spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which consists of the nerves. Nervous tissue consists of two types of cells: the nerve cells and supporting glial cells (or simply glia). Glia have different types and outnumber nerve cells. In the CNS, astrocytes provide structural support for neurons, regulate the extracellular concentrations of neurotransmitters and ions, and facilitate information transfer at synapses. Radial glia is critical in the development of the nervous system. Both astrocytes and radial glia can ...

Learning disabilities are challenges that educators have to face while imparting knowledge and information to these individuals (Heydon, 2007). Quantification of one to have learning disabilities is based on the diagnosis, which is conducted by psychologists or qualified professionals while using battery of tests (VAN LITH et al., 2011). However, such conditions are manageable through effective and appropriate direction and support. Visibility improves the ability of an individual to comprehend the phenomena or information being expressed (Xia et al., 2011). This is because the mind tends to remember more of what is recorded in the brain through the vision ...

The digital revolutions have made it possible for the amplification of human brains creating symbiotic relationship between human beings and computers efficiently controlling mechanics of industrial revolution as more materials are discovered.
Three essential properties of every material are the kind of atoms of which it’s made up of as the atoms can react with other atoms through acquiring, loosing or sharing electrons with other atoms. The way the atoms are arranged to form density e.g. solid materials may be classified according to the way atoms are arranged e.g. may be amorphous when randomly arranged, or may ...

Mind and Body Connection in Learning

Wolfe, (2010), defines learning as the process of developing new knowledge or performing new behaviours. The process not only takes place in a classroom but throughout an individual’s life time. Therefore the process is of essence in humans and it is especially used by professionals such as politicians, advertisers, and employers to influence consumers, voters, and workers. Learning process is very close to memory—storage of information in the brain—and therefore the process shows positive signs of mental and intellectual development. It is for this reason that this paper will show the link between mind and body in ...

a) Explain why the effort of hormonal (Endocrine ) control tends to be slow whereas nervous control is usually very fast.

Endocrine control is normally slower when compared to nervous control majorly because hormones once released by the endocrine gland have to travel via the circulation to reach their target receptors on the effector organ which generally takes more time. Meanwhile, information relayed by nerves is in form of impulses (that is, action potentials generated due to electrical excitation produced by a change in the charge across the surface membrane of the neuron evoked by the stimuli) that simply travel along the ...