Self-Actualization College Essays Samples For Students

Self-Actualization and Depression

Self-actualization in an individual who is still in the university cannot follow the Maslow’s hierarchy due to some reasons. As Kriz (2006) observes, Maslow’s hierarchy follows the order of an individual satisfying the basic needs first before reaching self-actualization. Self-actualization to a university student is brought mostly by need to acquire high self-esteem. In such a case, self-actualization is realized when the individual is respected and recognized by his peers. In the event that this does not happen, the student eventually feels depressed. When the feeling to have self-esteem emerges, individuals tend to develop a feeling that they are suffering ...

BUSINESS PSYCHOLOGY

INTRODUCTION
In the current working environment, employees are very conscious about their careers than any other thing in their lives. They look at their work in terms of personal development and growth. As a result, organizations that fail to help their employees reach their personal needs in terms of career development risk losing very important members of staff to competitor companies which is a risky endeavor to businesses focused on growth. Retaining employees has become one of the biggest problems that organizations face in the current world. Psychology in the workplaces is vital in ensuring that there is maximum ...

- A brief summary of the Abraham Maslow Personality Theory
Abraham Maslow personality theory gives an insightful explanation about why people behave in certain ways. The theory suggests that internal and external factors control people’s behavior and that each of us is motivated by their needs (Maslow, 1943). Abraham Maslow introduced his idea for the first time in 1943 in his book, “A theory of Human Motivation”. He argues that people have an inborn desire to be self-actualized, and this desire is unchanging and genetic in nature. One has to meet a number of basic needs for him/ ...

Carl Rogers: Self-Actualization Theory

Self-actualization theory is built to determine the conditions under which an individual can develop his or her potentialities. The primary principle of the theory is the actualizing tendency that is a single force of life (Ivtzan et al., 2013). Actualizing tendency refers to the inbuilt motivations that are found in every human being and can develop to the fullest extent possible. Carl also argued that individuals work hard towards achieving the fullest of their existence. An individual can grow and improve life if only they are provided with a conducive environment for self-development. The conducive environment may contain elements ...

Today there are several different theoretical approaches to personality analysis. This paper presents comparison between two of them – humanistic and psychodynamic. This analysis will present the main differences and similarities between the theories and will choose the one of them that is the most effective one.
Humanistic approach has two main directions. The first – a clinical one (focused mainly on clinic) is presented in the views of American psychologist Carl Rogers (1902-1987). The founder of the second – motivational trend is American researcher Abraham Maslow (1908-1970). The founder of the psychodynamic approach was Austrian scientist Z. Freud (1856-1939).
The ...

One of the most easily observable psychological phenomenon is human motivation. It is that desire to move from one point in life to another, especially through various accomplishments that tend to satisfy unmet human needs. Whenever one need is satisfied, we tend to want to achieve the next, often bigger one. For instance, when individuals finish school and are job hunting, all they are looking for is to satisfy their basic needs - food, clothing and shelter. After satisfying the basics, one does not stop there. An individual who was previously keen on acquiring basic needs starts looking for ...

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Learning # 1: Self-actualization. Self-actualization is defined as “the process of fulfilling our potential” (Myers, 2015, 34.2).
Example from my life – Abraham based the description of self-actualization from the lives of people who share characteristics, such as “self-aware and self-accepting, open and spontaneous, loving and caring, and not paralyzed by others’ opinions” (Myers, 2015, 34.2). I have seen most of these from my grandfather.
Explanation of how my life example represents self-actualization – According to Myers, mature adults eventually seek to fulfill one’s potential, and in this process, learn enough about life “enough about life to be compassionate,  ...

Maslow proposed a theory of self-actualization, according to which the human individual maturity is reached in the implementation of the personal potential. Thus, personal growth and self-actualization are the criteria of mental health. Psycho-social stage accompanied by a crisis that is a turning point in human life arising as a result of reaching a certain level of psychological maturity. Any crisis is a challenge, leading the person to personal growth and overcoming life's obstacles. Specific person decides on the next phase of the life cycle for a given stage of development of evolutionary task. “We viewed personal growth in ...

Introduction

Psychology is a vast field. There are many laws, principles, and theories that govern the train of thoughts of psychologists and mental health professionals working in the field. Basically, psychology is a branch of science that is concerned with the academic and applied discipline of studying behaviors and mental functions of animals, which in this case, would be humans. Psychology is not only concerned with studying the behaviors and mental functions of an individual because it may also aim to study the behaviors and mental functions of a group or population. The objective of this paper is to discuss psychology in general, ...

Introduction

This essay is a case analysis of the film Office Space. The essay presents the critical factors at Initech that cause Peter and the employees to feel so frustrated in their jobs. The essay gives recommendations on how those factors have been improved or eliminated. Herzberg demonstrates that the quality of motivation, physical conditions, benefits, salaries and company policies influence the motivation of workers. Maslow explains that self-actualization is the most important need at any workplace. The company denies the employees an opportunity to achieve their needs. The management should use dialogic communication instead of top-down communication. The Core issue ...

The humanist approach to development puts the individual at the centre as the focal point. Humanistic theories focus on the person’s experiences, needs, desires, preferences, and motives in life. Humanist thinkers strongly claim that an individual person is moulded not by his external environment but by his strong inner will. This essay shall dwell on the salient details about the humanist theory and its implications on classroom teaching, especially in the elementary education levels K to Grade 8.

A Closer Look at Humanism

Humanism thinking emerged in the field of psychology in the 1960s that became a move contradicting the then-dominant behaviourism paradigm. While behaviourism ...

Introduction

It is not often that one takes the time to retrospect, introspect and prospect since with pressures of daily living according to the Caribbean Reggae Legend, the late Bob Marley (1981), we are all caught up the mighty Rat Race of life, which has indeed infected the human race. ‘(Marley, 1981). As such, this is an awesome privilege for me to seriously embrace where I was, where I am and more importantly, where I am heading, especially, in this new professional practice.
With some degree of nostalgia, inevitably I must first withdraw sentiments expressed through Thomas Hardy’s ( ...

According to Maslow (2013), many of my needs on the hierarchy are already met concerning psycho-sociological and safety categories. I can breathe, I am not malnourished, and on most nights I get enough sleep, and maintain relative homeostasis. I am also in control of safety of my body, understand my own morals, feel most of my family is safe, and do not feel anybody is attempting to claim my property or resources. Lester (2013), points out that not every item in a category needs to be satisfied before one can reach self-actualization, but that it is ideal. For example, ...

While most people are familiar with a number of leading theorists in psychoanalysis, particularly Sigmund Freud, and possibly Adler and Jung, most people would not be familiar with Karen Horney, considered to be the “fist psychoanalytic feminist” (Hergenhahn & Henley 525). Horney disagreed with several concepts introduced by Freud, especially his focus on unconscious sexual motivation and the division of the self into 3 parts: id, ego, and superego. She believed that social experiences had a greater influence on the creation of self. During the Depression, she found that her clients’ problems were caused by unemployment and the inability to ...

Psychology is a discipline studying human behavior and mental processes. It is a scientific study which includes diversity of perspectives and approaches. When psychology appeared there were two main theoretical perspectives such as functionalism developed by William James and structuralism discovered by Wilhelm Wundt. Functionalism was focused on exploring human behavior, mental processes and its cause. This very approach was the one which made an important contribution to contemporary psychology. In 1879 Wundt opened his laboratory devoted to psychology, it is considered that he also separated psychology from philosophy.
Nowadays there are several main perspectives in psychology which search ...

Introduction

The humanistic view on the development of personality implies that there are aspects of human psychology that could not be explained by psychodynamics and behaviorism alone. Most humanists believe that there is a gap in the psychological understanding of human nature. Psychoanalysts and Behaviorists, for instance, aim to generalize human behavior as predictable and can be empirically determined. Freud, for example, believe that humans acts because of the influence of the unconscious while many behaviorists such as Watson, Pavlov and Skinner believe that human behavior is based on an action-reaction dynamics and is, thereby, observable and measurable. As observed ...

Charles Baxter’s What Happens in Hell essay is effectively a progression of sadness and occurrence of an existential crisis for the narrator after being driven from the airport to his hotel, the discussions about hell, and finally the near death experience in a car accident. Alice Munro’s Train short story revolves around the relationship between Jackson, a man who jumped out of a moving train on the Ontario countryside after serving in World War II, and Belle, a woman around 15 years his senior, whom he meets in a small farm just off the tracks. In Train, the personal family life of Belle ...

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a psychological concept that details a series of five innate things the human psyche needs in order to be fulfilled. These needs are organized in a step-by-step fashion, in order from most to least important; the goal is to determine how a human’s development and motivation grows, depending on what he needs. This framework can be used to explain or elucidate upon a number of interactions between human beings, and even characters in films. The 2008 children’s film Kung Fu Panda, for example, demonstrates all of these needs in great detail.
First and foremost, there ...

Born April 1908, Abraham Maslow would spend the next thirty years and beyond, experiencing, and deciphering his motivations before considering his revolutionary career. Within it, surfaced an idea that human beings are what they achieve. That their attributes are not natural, nor are they given, but are earned after a succession of conditions that equate them into well-rounded and contented circumstances.
Maslow’s encounter with psychological theory was ignited after a long spell of dissuasion. The eldest of eight children to uneducated Jewish immigrants, Brooklyn-raised Abraham Maslow matured from anti-Semitism, schoolyard isolation, and books. As the eldest, he was dutiful ...

Therapeutic Models

Mental disorder, tentatively referred to as abnormality, has been a core problem in the human race, and it has been very difficult to avoid value judgments in the determination of psychological abnormalities. Further, psychological abnormality has been an essential health issue in tandem to physical abnormality. For years, variety of treatment for mental disorders has been brought forth, and a plethora of approaches and frameworks formulated to help ameliorate such conditions (Totton, 2010). Humanistic and psychodynamic therapies serve as august examples of therapeutic models in psychological approaches to mental health and distress.

Humanistic Therapy

This is an approach formulated in the early 1940s ...

Abstract

The paper highlights ways a leader can encourage and motivate workers in an organisation. The topics covered are morale boosting, dealing with negative and positive behaviours, enhancing the personal self-actualization score, delegation, assigning duties and responsibilities, and understanding different types of personalities in an organisation.

Employee Morale

Morale of employees is directly related to productivity in any organisations hence the notion that low morale results to poor work habits, excessive waste, and accidents which all lead to reduced returns (Bowles et al., 2009, p. 2). Therefore it is very important that employees’ morale be boosted regularly to avoid any of the instances ...

Improving Organization Retention: A Case Study

Introduction
In any business organization, it is important to keep the employees motivated and willing to work. By extension, it is necessary to keep their morale high so that the work atmosphere becomes positive, thereby encouraging productivity and efficiency in the workplace. Because of this, there are specific theories in business and work that focus on motivating employees and making them happy and contented with regard to their work environment. This includes addressing any problems and issues in the overall work environment, identifying all factors associated with employee productivity and working around them, and improving the work atmosphere and ...

Aristotle’s virtue ethics has been vividly explained in his book. The objective of this paper is to clearly define what makes the Aristotelian virtue ethics different from the traditional or basic one as known by experts in the field of philosophy. In order to do so, a brief background of both must be provided. Virtue ethics is a theory or a philosophical approach to studying ethics (the study of right and wrong) that focuses on an individual’s character and or his individuality when it comes to determining the key element of ethical thinking. This highlights the concept ...

The motivational theory that best explains human behavior is the Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. According to Maslow, people behave the way they do depending on their needs that continuously develops their inner drive, which defines their behavior as they seek to satisfy their desires. In this regard, Maslow develops a hierarchy of individual needs that usually determines their actions and they progress from the most pressing to relatively urgent within the home and work context. In particular, the Maslow's theory provides a hierarchy consisting of five classes that are based on the most complex to the most ...

I have learned certain concepts about motivation. The following is a presentation of what I have learned about Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Equity Theory. A contrast of the two theories will be made, and one will be chosen based on certain reasons.

Maslow’s hierarchy of Needs

The theory posits that what motivates people to have nothing to do with either conscious benefits or rewards. Maslow argued that people are largely motivated because they want to achieve certain needs. When a person fulfills a certain need, he is motivated to fulfill the next need in the hierarchy. Maslow came up with five ...

Personal practice theory

Abstract
This paper sheds light on some of the requirements for the Theories of Personality and Counseling class. The writer’s stand is that as individuals have different and evolving needs, a therapist should integrate different techniques and have a clearly stated approach. This paper discusses theories that include multimodal counseling therapy, existential theory, and person-centered counseling. The paper also discusses how each approach is used in accordance and how the three approaches can be integrated to achieve the desired results.

Introduction
Researchers discovering the connection between educators' beliefs and their class activities realized that educator's knowledge and skills ...

Executive Summary

Apple Inc. is a multinational information technology company that designs a number of IT products such as Mac Laptop, iPod, iPad and iPhones among others. The company employs a vertical integrated strategy hence able to control its operations. The company over the years has recorded major profits and this can majorly be attributed to its motivated employees, leadership structure, negotiation and change management strategy. The company’s continued success mainly stems from its motivated employees. By considering the hierarchy of needs, Herzberg’s two way theory and expectation theory, Apple’s employees are wholesomely motivated. With regards to leadership, ...

In his grand truism theory, Kurt Lewin introduced a heuristic equation B=f (P, E), meaning that behavior is a function of the person-environment interaction (Kihlstrom, 2013). On the other hand, there is the environment. The environmental factors are a factor outside the person's character. When broken down, the environment comprises of both the physical environment and the social environment. According to Kurt Lewin, every behavior is a social behavior, meaning that behaviors are greatly influenced by the social environment in which one functions (Kihlstrom, 2013). Based on this brief introduction, this paper presents the analysis of a personal situation ...

The modern study of personality traces its origins to Carl Gustav Jung and his magnum opus Psychologische Typen. Jung postulated that there are functionally 2 axes of personality, the perceiving function and the judging function. The perceiving function involved sensation and intuition whereas the judging function was comprised of thinking and feeling. Katharine Briggs and her daughter, Isabel Myers, based their groundbreaking questionnaire on Jung’s analysis while offering minor modifications of the theory. The original goal of the questionnaire was to aid in the empowerment of women in the workplace by determining what jobs they would feel most ...

Step 1: Initial Exploration and Analysis

“The Dinner Party” by Judy Chicago is a massive work to undertake and understand. It is an installation art piece, and there is some general philosophy and background that must be understood to understand the visual design of the piece itself. The primary artist of the piece, Judy Chicago, has never hidden the fact that “The Dinner Party” is a feminist work of art (Brooklynmuseum.org). It has 39 place settings, and those place settings sit at evenly spaced intervals around a triangular table (Brooklynmuseum.org). Unlike some pieces of art whose interpretation may be more open, every stitch in every napkin and piece ...

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Introduction

Each individual has peculiar traits and characteristics that differ from other individual. These differences are unique and refer to as the individual’s personality. In our daily lives, we tend to encounter individuals who are quiet and reserved; other individual prefers to sit in the corner, while others like to become the center of the crowd, chatting with every individual in the party with full confidence.
This varying traits and behaviors of an individual are best explained by renowned theories that will potentially help one why a person is behaving a certain ...

Hierarchy of Needs Theory was created Abraham Maslow. It advocates for the fulfillment of Employee needs in terms of the lowest to the highest need. In the Hierarchy of Needs Theory, Maslow states that individuals are motivated by their needs. It is said to be the most known and probably the most used by management (Shaub, 5). His five levels of motivation are physical, social, esteem and self-actualization. As long as these needs are satisfied, Maslow says that workers will have fulfillment at work. He goes to further say that only when the lower level of need is fully ...

As human beings, all our actions are inherently influenced by an intrinsic sense referred to as motivation. Motivation may be loosely defined as the willingness to do something or the reasons behind a person’s actions. Over time, scholars have attempted to discover what exactly makes people tick. These studies led to the recognition of great scholars such as Abraham Maslow, Frederick Herzberg and David McCelland. Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory published in his paper, “A Theory of Human Motivation”, seeks to explain other factors may influence human behavior. These factors are described as human needs or desires ...

One of most widely used theories of motivation is the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Pioneered by Abraham Maslow in 1943, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs categorizes human, personal needs and ranks them from the lowest to the highest. The model proposes that lower needs are satisfied before higher needs are satisfied, and most importantly, one has to satisfy needs in a one category before satisfying needs in the next category. According to Maslow, human beings derive their motivation from these needs. However, when needs in a category have been satisfied they cease to be motivators.
The first, and this ...

Introduction to Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship

Introduction

The term ‘entrepreneurship’ became very popular in the 21st century when people recognized the importance of introducing major changes in the world. Today, many people abandon their career as an employee and start entrepreneurial ventures with intent to earn unlimited income and to meet their self-actualization needs. Considering the scope of entrepreneurship in supporting a country’s economic growth, governments worldwide are willing to finance potential entrepreneurial start-ups today. This paper will critically explore the scope of entrepreneurship, giving particular emphasis to the operations of small business houses.

Obviously, time and money are two important factors ...

Robert Goren Law and Oder Criminal Intent and Carl Rogers Personality Theory

Carl Roger’s is a renowned psychologist that propagated the Personality Theory which explains the behaviors and characteristics of an individual. The argument shows that the formation of a person’ self-concept results from self-actualization behavior. He said that the self-actualizing characteristics determine a person’s personality. The self-actualization tendencies are as a consequence of the events and the environment in which a person grows up in, as well as the person’s genetic make-up. The environment provides the stimulus that prompts responses from the person. A repeat of the stimuli prompts the development of a self-concept. For any individual ...

Question 1

Survival is a basic human instinct, so much so, that in the face of danger and life threatening situations, our minds naturally turns on our fight or flight mechanism to help in survival. It is necessary to note that survival can be threatened in many ways, research shows that even during an argument or a scolding the same areas of the brain are stimulated as those that are aroused in a physical fight or if one encountered a wild animal. According to Marlow, one could not move on to the upper part of the pyramid if they didn’t ...

Abstract

Pastoral counseling is gradually becoming a radical provider of mental health services. Clergymen are increasingly pursuing training in both behavioral science and religion. In endeavors to manifest quality clinical practice, they merge theological and psychological disciplines. Pastoral counseling is thus a distinctive psychotherapy, given its ability to include divine and God`s power. The psychotherapy is based on the belief that people desire divine connection. Pastoral counselors mediate healing with God`s loving in order to achieve ideal wholeness. As such, this paper depicts a reflection on pastoral counseling in liaison with previous readings in class. It leverages various ...

7. Describe three different leadership styles and give examples of a situation in which each style could be most used effectively.

Autocratic Leadership- Leader makes decisions without consulting others. The manager takes the decision, announces it and then ‘sells’ it to his subordinates. Works best in situations like a new start-up where the employees are new and await directions.
Participative or Democratic Leadership - Decision making is collectively shared between the managers and the employees. The manager presents a tentative decision which may be subject to change. The manager may present the problem, seek suggestions and then ask the ...

Management and Leadership

Business
Management and Leadership
In order to meet the requirements of the given task, I would highlight two aspects of leadership and then incorporate them into my personal leadership development plan. Although there are several qualities of a leader and a leader serves to provide the right direction to its followers whenever and wherever necessary, I will focus on two main areas of leadership which are motivation and transformational leadership.

There could be several ways to provide an explanation for the term motivation. However, the very basic idea about motivation is that it is a driving force which basically ...

Carl Rodgers was a great psychologist who studied humans and gave his assessment of how they need to behave for them to grow. Rodgers client-centered therapy aimed at understanding the client’s feeling and meanings as he experienced them and then communicating them to him/her (Rogers 22). He pointed out that they need a surrounding that provides them with genuineness or openness, acceptance and being heard and understood. Carl believed that a person is capable of attaining his goals and desires if a number of factors are to be satisfied.
Self-Actualization – Is the desire to fulfill one's potential and ...

Spring, 2016

I was raised in the conservative Christian family in the atmosphere of strict rules and respect toward elder people, especially toward parents. My mother is a nurse and my father is a pharmacist. I also have one younger and one elder brother.
My parents raised me and my brothers using authoritative parental style. They were highly controlling and demanding and disciplined us for minor misconducts. However, I`m very glad that my parents were so strict, demanding and controlling they made me a good and respectful person.
The theory of Skinner can be applied to how my parents raised ...

Compare and Contrast Hegel and Marx on Civil Society and the Problem of Human Freedom

Essay

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel argued that civil society is characterized by private property, the pursuit of self-interest, and human needs. He viewed civil society as a body of needs wherein people align their specific personal interests with social expectations and necessities, which are finally negotiated by the all-embracing state. Hegel claimed that civil society is perfectly able to balance the wide array of human interests and needs. However, he further stated that the state, as a highly ethical entity, provides stability to the totality of needs by guaranteeing the security and strength of the division of labor, social ...

Individual Reflective Essay

Individual Reflective Essay

Introduction

Today the word ‘diversity’ has become a common phrase in the business world; this has come in the wake of globalization as more entrepreneurs become interconnected. Consequently, as a business student, understanding entrepreneurship and the forces behind it is important because it is through this knowledge that sound business decisions will be made in the future. Therefore, when I enrolled in the entrepreneurship class, it was only natural that the concept of diversity was mentioned severally during our course work. Over time, I came to understand that diversity is what differentiates us from the rest of ...

“The Feminine Mystique” is a feminist novel written by Betty Friedan. Mrs. Friedan was born the United States and she speaks English language. Furthermore, the author understands the American culture well since she grew up in America in an era when the women faced the problem of personal identity. The novel was published in 1963. A survey conducted by Mrs. Friedan at Smith College indicated that most homemakers were unhappy (WEE, 2003). The book focuses on the issue of sexual passivity; most women in the United States have become victims of feminine mystique. According to the novel, the role ...

A hierarchical organizational structure is one with many layers of management and a considerably long chain of command. The communication period from top to bottom is unarguably long hence the top managers have lesser control. The narrow control span exposed an opportunity for effective organizational command. In contrast to this structure is the flat structure that has relatively fewer layers of management hence a shorter chain of command. Communications takes a very short period. This structure is the most suitable one for an organization that intends to create a highly motivated and empowered workforce (Griffin & Moorhead 2012). This becomes ...

Question 1

Traits that make Josebachvili and Levy self-motivated
Willingness to take risks makes the two self-motivated. Josebachvili just had three years of high school and took the risk to apply for college despite everyone saying that she could not. She took the risk and started Urban Escapes after quitting her job. Besides, they have a passion for what they are doing. They are also motivated by the belief in themselves. They believed that the idea was going to work, and they treated every trip that did not go perfectly as an opportunity to learn. They also have the attitude of ...

Interpersonal Rejection and Human Needs

Interpersonal Rejection and Human Needs
Precisely, a human being becomes a personality due to the fact that he or she lives in society and develops capabilities that are inherent in his or her biological nature in interaction with other people. These opportunities cannot be realized outside of society, thus, a human cannot become a full-fledged personality. The process of human adoption of social experience, acquisition of the qualities that allow him or her to be a member of society, is called socialization. Socialization of the individual is one of the most important factors of human existence, as it is ...

Carl Ransom Rogers minted the concept of a fully functioning person. He was a humanistic psychologist who was in complete unison with Abraham Maslow’s theory of self-actualization. According to Rogers, anyone who has self-actualized has, in fact, become a fully functioning person (McLeod). Moreover, Rogers believed that such a person has some distinguishing characteristics that are explained in the following paragraphs.

First and foremost, fully functioning person is open to experience and exhibits no defensiveness (Freeth 37-38). Burger says that such people “rather than falling into familiar patterns” ready themselves for anything that comes their way during their life (279-280). They ...

Protagonists are regarded as extraordinary people. They share certain characteristics and aim at a particular goal. Oedipus is the main character in Oedipus the king. His downfall comes through his pursuit of knowledge. He is seen as a classic hero through his fatal flaw. His endless determination can be referred to his tragic flaw. Hamlet is the main character in the play. All the actions in the play focus on him. Winston is the main character identified by the readers. He is innocent but surrounded by people of bad character. This paper seeks to establish the goals of three different protagonists ...

Worker Alienation in a Modern Economy

The term “worker alienation” was coined by Karl Marx decades ago. Built on the principles of capitalism and socialism, it addresses the concept that workers feel apart from the products of their labor. The result is a loss of his sense of humanity. In a capitalist society, exploitation of the worker exists through selling his labor and not the product of his labor. His labor is sold as through it were an intangible product. The product is sold and the profit goes to the capitalist. The proletariat now owns neither his labor nor the product it produced; however, he has received ...

Business Management

Motivation plays an important role in any business and two of the most prominent theories of motivation are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation and Hygiene.
The former theory is often represented in the form of a pyramid where the physiological needs of shelter, hunger, etc. are at the bottom or first level and self actualization at the top or final level; with the fulfilment of each level of needs the individual moves on to the next. Thus, the satisfaction of a lower level need motivates people to aim for the higher level needs. In ...

The reason why consumers shop is often to satisfy a need or because they see something they like and cannot defy the urge to buy it. The brain triggers are the reason why they choose a particular product as opposed to another similar one. These triggers are physical attributes of a product like size, color, taste, feel or smell. Price is a determinant but in the most cases, the brain makes choices based on acknowledgment of recognizable brand names.
A brand is a name with an emotional promise of potential benefits to consumers, which appeal straight to their brain (Padua, 2012). For example, ...

Introduction

Abraham Maslow proposed this theory in his paper in 1943. The Maslow’s theory describes the hierarchy of need. The theory classifies the needs in a pyramid where the most basic needs are at the bottom. Abraham Maslow uses various terms such as; belongingness, physiological, esteem, self-transcendence, love and self- actualization, in describing the array through which human motivation pass through. (Slipp, 1982) This article describes the Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs, the concepts of reduction and incentives, and also illustrates how intrinsic and extrinsic motives affect the process of learning.

Theory of drive reduction and Theory of Incentives

The concept of drive reduction was formulated by Clark ...

Business communication

During the last summer, I attended a seminar for all immediate graduates that had been organized by a collaboration of public and private companies at our institution. The workshop’s theme was “Bridging the gap between knowledge and experience." The key objective of the seminar was to educate prospective employees on leadership skills, entrepreneurial skills, etiquette, innovation and financial management skills. During the refreshment session, I interacted with many attendants among them Frank, who is your close associate. He informed me a lot about your company and the activities that are undertaken in the company. Additionally, he motivated me that my proficiency ...

Going to college is never an end in itself without a purpose. Interestingly, the importance of college education has evolved over changing times. Notably, in the ancient days, it was proper for people to attend college in preparation for certain jobs. Nowadays, the music tune has changed. Ultimately, the world is becoming competitive each day and many individuals attend colleges not only to climb the education ladder, but also to acquire skills necessary to enrich the quality of their lives. Obviously, colleges serve as bridges to personal success and career advancement. College shapes students towards achievement of education and opens ...

The movie, Pursuit of Happyness, starring the father and son tandem of Will Smith and Jaden Smith, is a classic example of Abraham Maslow’s theory on the Hierarchy of Needs, which basically states that man’s main goal in life is to achieve self-actualization. However, to reach that state, man has to overcome other levels in the hierarchy beginning from the fulfillment of man’s basic needs such as food, shelter, and sleep, among others, to security in terms of employment, health, and family. Man also longs for quality relationships with family and friends as well as increased self-esteem ...

Merriam Webster’s Dictionary defines personality as “1: the complex of characteristics that distinguishes an individual especially in relationships with others 2a: the totality of an individual's behavioral and emotional tendencies b: the organization of the individual's distinguishing character traits, attitudes, or habits.” The study of personality has a long provenance in western medicine. Our earliest theories come from Hippocrates himself, and were based upon the four humors, that is, blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm. In turn, Galen was responsible for concept of the four temperaments: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic. The theories relating bodily fluids and their ...

Essay Questions

Essay #1
Just-noticeable difference (JnD) is a marketing concept that aims at sustaining proper price and quality for commodities. Therefore, it is an extremely significant element to any marketer. It aids in setting up necessary marketing principles for a product through accurate consideration and representation of various factors that may influence the market of a product. For example, a chocolate manufacturer may consider this element to make outstanding presentation about the product on pricing, packaging, and promotional claims in times when ingredient and material costs rise as well as increase in competition.
In most cases, packaging of a product determines its attractiveness ...

Explain how IQ is computed. List and describe the theories of intelligence.
IQ aka intelligence quotient is a score of a multitude of standardized tests done to evaluate intelligence. Back in 1905, a French psychologist named Alfred Binet established the IQ test. The IQ score reflects our analytical and cognitive skills. In IQ calculation, through a group of standardized tests our mental age is determined and then it is divided by our physical age and finally the result is multiplied by 100. For instance, if Tom's physical age is 24 and his IQ test result shows that his mental age is 28, ...