Transplantation College Essays Samples For Students

Organ donation and transplantation are notable hallmarks in medicine. Medical advancements are significantly confronting complicated conditions through organ transplantation and related practices such as grafting. Over the years, the procedures have grown and developed. However, organ donation and transplantation are surrounded by various ethical and legal issues. This paper discusses these issues in detail and elicits the relationship between them. The analysis is in line with both the support and opposition of organ donation and transplantation, particularly in Australia. The paper will also provide my personal stance and the final ethical decision by leveraging several theoretical perspectives – deontology, consequentialism, ...

In clinical transplantation, an observed complication is that previous red blood cell (RBC) transfusions may reduce the risk of solid organ transplant rejection but increase the risk of bone marrow transplant (BMT) graft failure (Storb and Weiden, 1981). This statement is seemingly a contradiction. It is difficult to understand how RBC transfusions can both reduce the risk of solid organ transplant rejection and increase the risk of BMT rejection.
But this contradiction can be resolved by understanding three considerations. First, the immune system is extremely complex and attempts to control its effects routinely have both positive and negative effects ( ...

The continued advancement in technology has cut across all spheres of the economy. The field of medicine has had its fair share of the cake having to incorporate the complexities of science and technology. One such area relates to organ transplantation. It has become possible to save humanity through the transplant of organs from one human to another. However, the process in itself though scientifically possible, remains riddled with several challenges and raises questions bordering on the moral, religious and legal frontiers. This paper essentially takes into consideration the place of the law in relation to the application ofsuch ...

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THE “DEAD-DONOR RULE” IN THE ETHICS OF ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION
Abstract
Organ transplantation has given rise to numerous questions in the minds of the medical professionals of the world across the globe. There have been an enormous number of unanswered questions regarding the ethical issues about the concept of organ donation and organ transplantation. In this paper, we will discuss the role of dead donors rule and brain death in the context of organ donation. It has been seen since years that different parts of the world and different people of the medical fraternity have different definitions of death. For ...

Organ transplantation makes the duration of life much higher and improves the whole state of health of many people with renal, cardiac or hepatic impairment. Although the one way of treatment of people who have renal insufficiency is dialysis, the best way for such patients is to transplant somebody’s organ. With the insufficiency of the liver, heart and / or lungs transplantation is the only solution. Nowadays this kind of surgeries can be made almost in any country of the world. Some other organs, such as pancreas, small intestine also may be transplanted. Also the surgeon may transplant ...

Organ Donation & Transplantation

Undeniably, most people go through their lives without experiencing how it feels to have a breakdown of the major body organs. The heart is always pumping blood to all parts of the body, the lungs always plays a vital role in breathing, while on the other hand, the kidney and the liver are always eradicating waste products from the body system. Unfortunately the, a good number of individuals are not in a position to handle even the simplest assignment due to a breakdown of one of the major organs. For this people to continue living, they will need to have such organ changed. It ...

- Scope and purpose
The guideline under study is “Neurological problems in liver transplantation”, developed by Guarino et al. (2011). The guideline is dedicated to creating recommendations on preventing and combating several neurological problems that occur after orthopic and cadaveric liver transplantation. The six key conditions in medical practice include immunosuppresion neurotoxicity, seizures, central pontine myelinosys (CPM), neuromuscular disorders, cerebrovascular disorders and central nervous system (CNS) infections (Guarino et al., 2011, p.491). The body of the study consists of six subsections. Each of the subsections contains basic information about the conditions under study and recommendations that can be ...

Organ transplantation is one of the significant issues in health care. There are various legal and ethical considerations encompassing this topic. One of the issues evolving the transplantation of human organs is obtaining the consent of the family of a dead donor. Given that the process should be done in soonest possible time, obtaining a consent from the family will take otherwise. That is because, a grieving family member may not be able to make decisions right after her loved one passed away. On the other hand, this is a challenging scenario for the physicians as such consent is ...

Pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common type of cardiomyopathy in children and accounts for the most heart transplantations in pediatric patients. Despite the progressive nature of the disorder and high mortality and morbidity rates, few studies aimed to investigate the etiology and treatments of children affected by dilated cardiomyopathy. Treatments for children are mainly adopted from studies aimed at adults without testing their effectiveness in pediatrics. Several studies were undertaken in recent years to learn whether adult-oriented evidence-based treatments for dilated cardiomyopathy are applicable to children.

Background

Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common form of cardiomyopathy in children. The ...

Introduction

Multiple myeloma is a rare cancer that is being diagnosed in more and more people every year. Officials are concerned that the current trend and are working hard to come up with ways to keep the condition at bay. There are many treatment options for the condition including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and stem cell research in addition to treatment of other conditions associated with the cancer like kidney problem, bone problems and anaemia.

All the treatment procedures are used either singly or with two or more procedures. Chemotherapy can be used together with stem cell transplantation therapy. Stem cell transplantation can ...

NAMEUNIVERSITY

Emerging infections are defined by Friis and Sellers (2014) as infectious diseases which were just lately identified and classified taxonomically. The majority of them can cause strong and dangerous epidemics. The term is opposed to the term reemerging infections, which denotes “. . . some ‘old’ diseases, for example, tuberculosis or syphilis, that were renewed because of changed conditions in the chain host-agent-environment (Friis and Sellers, 2014). Beltz (2011) describes such emerging diseases as HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, Lyme disease, Respiratory distress syndrome, Lassa fever, Cholera and others. In most cases emerging infections are not caused by mutations in a pathogen (Beltz, 2011). Lashley ( ...

Transplantation of organs is one of the greatest achievements of science till now as these transplants save the life of people who are suffering from serious medical conditions.
Organ donation is a life-saving medical process that involves the removal of organs and tissues from someone who has died and transplantation of those into someone who is suffering from some serious medical illness or dying ("Organ and tissue donation", 2016). The organs that can be donated may involve lungs, heart, kidney, pancreas, bone tendons, skin & parts of the eye such as the cornea and liver.
The donor of one organ ...

Introduction

Stem cell therapy has proved to be a boon for the medical world. It has made treatment of many diseases a lot easier than it could have been ever imagined. Diseases which were earlier considered untreatable can now be treated with the help of this latest development in the field of Medical Science, known as the stem cell transplant. Many medical researchers believe that stem cell transplant have enormous potential to change the face of disease among the humans and relieve them from their sufferings. There already are a good number of stem cell treatments existing in the medical ...

The study was taken for determining the effects of the resistance exercise training on the bone metabolism in the heart transplant recipients. Osteoporosis often complicates the heart transplantation. There isn’t a preventive strategy which is accepted for the glucocorticoid-induced the loss of bone. There were about sixteen people who were male recipients for the heart transplant. They were assigned to a resistance exercise group which trained for about six months or the control group which didn’t perform the resistance exercise.
The bone mineral density of the whole body, the femur neck and also the lumbar spine was ...

Life is a boon to every living kind. It has been the system of nature that one depends upon others for their survival. The dependency can be in different format. It can be either for the food, support, and different other variables. Humans being the social creature are dependent upon one another for their survival. The dependencies are upon the biological and physical needs of people. One helps other upon their survival fulfilling their needs at various different levels.

Human body is composed of different organs sharing common features with other bodies. Unlike some organs, different biological units are classified ...

Final Case: Health Care Ethics

Reason for the Case
The primary question regarding the case is to justify whether or not it is fair to deny anatomical gifts to someone who abstains from donating his or her own organ or tissue.

Summary of the Case

One of the representatives of the state of California prosed a law that aims to increase the organ and tissue donors in the state. This is due to thousands of patients who are waiting for organs, but the actual citizens who are willing to donate may not be sufficient to address the needs for tissue and organ transplantation. According to the draft bill, ...

Abstract

In the following case-study, Joshua is a newborn infant presented by his parents Samuel and Rachel to the pediatric outpatient unit of Robertsbridge, Sussex for screening and medical advice for sporadic vomiting at the time of breast feeding and seizure-like episodes. Samuel and Racheal also report sweet odor in the urine and loss of weight. Blood tests demonstrated increased concentrations of leucine and isoleucine. Genetic testing on the skin biopsies reveal mutation at Exon 6, c.659C>T of the of BCKDHA gene with a protein level p. A220V and Joshua exhibits about 1.5 % lesser than normal deficiency in the ...

Introduction

The United States is in need of more organ donors in order to address the increasing number of patients who need to undergo organ transplantation. However, there are various constraints that disable patients from finding organ donors, whether alive or deceased, due to limitations provided by the National Organ Transplant Act or NOTA. This law provides that monetary compensation to be given to organ donors is illegal. On the other hand, there are countries that allow the system of organ donation in exchange for monetary benefits. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the supply and demand, in ...

Xenotransplantation: Article Analysis

Xenotransplantation: Article Analysis
Xenotransplantation involves the transfer of organs, tissues, or cells from animals to humans. The practice has been a point of focus for years. Several experiments and studies are being done in an effort to make it as safe and beneficial to human beings as possible. It began due to the need to supplement and provide an alternative to human organ transplantation. However, there are health, ethical, legal and cultural implications that must be considered. The paper explores the topic through a focus on its definition, a summary of the article, and an analysis of my views ...

Organ donation is a gracious act that adds more years to a sick individual’s life. It allows them to live a longer and healthier life than what they have had before. Those with end-stage heart, eye, or kidney diseases live longer than those who receive other treatment methods such as dialysis or oral medications. Those who receive organs from a living donor are said to live 12 to 20 more years as compared with those who receive organ donation from a deceased donor. However, regardless of where the organs come from, the reality is that there is a ...

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine various reasons why some people agree to participate in organ donation while others do not. Furthermore, the paper will discuss the death rates that have been raising Australia due to lack of organ donors. In this regard, the research points out that the most informed people have no problem discussing their death or organ transplants while those that are uninformed rely on fictional TV dramas and Ick factors to disregard organ donation. Religion has also been considered as a topic for this discussion because while other denominations believe in acts of ...

Epidemiology

Cirrhosis is a serious health problem in United Kingdom. Approximately, 30,000 people in UK have cirrhosis (Cirrhosis of the liver n.d.). Each year close to 7,000 new diagnoses are reported in the country (Shafi, Rizwan & Azam n.d.). Between 1992 and 2001, the cirrhosis incidence and prevalence rate increased by 45% and 68% respectively. England, as at the year 2009 had a prevalence rate of 10.1 and 4.8 for male and female per 100,000 inhabitants respectively (National End of Life Care n.d.). The prevalence rate is higher in deprived population. Cirrhosis is one of the leading killer diseases in ...

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Immunotherapy in Treating Human Cancer

The immune system of our body is a complex network of tissues, cells, and organs that act mutually to protect our body from unknown foreign trespassers. It recognizes the harmful particles entering the body and facilitates the destruction of those particles in order to shield the body system from any ailment. Due to any complexity or disturbance often the immune system targets the wrong particle considering it as a dangerous particle and this anomaly of the immune system may result in various autoimmune diseases like arthritis, allergies, malignancies, and AIDS (Understanding the ...

Human Dignity and the Organ Trade

Organ donation is a gracious act that adds more years to a sick individual’s life as it allows them to live a longer and healthier life. Those with end-stage heart, eye, or kidney diseases live longer than those who receive other treatment methods such as dialysis or oral medications. The problem is that there is a shortage of organs for transplantation all over the world. The list of patients waiting for donors run in the hundreds of thousands, with about 100,000 of them waiting for kidney donors alone. This has led to questions about the possibility of ...

Coursename
Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder, which affects the red blood cells. It was first described in the medical literature in 1846. In 1910, Ernest Irons became first to write about the pathologically altered red blood cells of the patient with sickle-cell anemia (Serjeant 425-429). It is caused by the mutation of the gene encoding the synthesis of the hemoglobin. As a result, the hemoglobin of the affected people is defective (hemoglobin S). Glutamic acid in it is substituted with valine in the sixth position of the β-chain. This change greatly reduces the solubility of hemoglobin in ...

In healthcare, law and ethics may refer to the conditions that enable the medical practitioners and nurses to deliver high-quality services. There are instances where the human beings have been denied excellent services following exposure to improper handling by the medical practitioners. Also, there have been a number of ill practices in the healthcare sector that make the services for the patients unappealing. Some instances have indicated the relevance of ethics and ethical training, which has been ignored for some time. There are problems that have come up following lack of consideration of the ethics in the healthcare sector. ...

Mesalazine and Cyclosporine

Mesalazine
Mesalazine is also called as Mesalamine or 5-aminosalicylic acid, and its systematic name is 5-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Formulation. Usually, mesalazine is administered in the form of modified release (MR) tablet. Different formulations of mesalazine in UK are Asacol, Ipocol, Mezavant, Octasa, Pentasa, and Salofalk. The above mentioned formulations may vary from each other in their indications, dose frequency, tablet strengths, interactions, pharmaceutical, and pharmacological properties. Most of these formations are available as MR preparations. Commonly used mechanism for modified release tablets is their enteric coating. In order to prepare different formulations, Eudragit L and S polymers are commonly used ...

Organ transplant can be defined as the transfer of an organ from one person to another or from a different location on the body of the patient, with an aim of substituting the missing or damaged organ of the recipient. Matching donor and recipient is currently done using a computer program, which performs the matching of the donor’s organ and recipients on the basis of specific features. These include tissue type, blood type, weight, and height. The time that the patient has been awaiting, how far the recipient's hospitals is from that of the donor, as well as the ...

[Institution Title]
The different social structure theories perceives that societal, financial, and social arrangements or social structures are among the prime cause of deviant and criminal behaviors. Given this effect, it has been significantly noted that because of this society is placed at the mercy of it these institutions to help preserve order and help protect the integrity of man’s basic human rights. Many believed that crimes had only been conceptualized when the world began embracing “order” and started formulating social institutions in the likes of government and trade. While these institutions are believed to be the ...

Communities in Third World Countries

Introduction
Poverty has stricken a great number of population in the world today. Third world countries in particular are assumed to take on a greater toll on the effects of such condition. Practically, people have become more accustomed to living in such an undermining situation. Along with this matter, the said individuals have also become accustomed to dealing with matters in their lives through sacrificing particular aspects of their existence in exchange for survival. One of the most striking issues that could be identified along with this matter is the fact that poor families do so much to just get ...

The buying and selling of human organs is among the many contemporary issues that have garnered both media and public attention in recent years. Civilians, medical professionals, and governments have had diverging opinions regarding the trade. Trafficking human organs occurs in three distinct methods. The most common occurrence is when victims agree to sell organs (either formally or informally), but are not paid or are paid less than the promised amount. In other cases, traffickers deceive or force victims to give up their organs; in the final instance, the organs are removed without the victim’s knowledge. Trading human ...

Establishment

The problem of genetically modified organisms continues to preoccupy scientists and ordinary people. This is due to the fact that their effect on the human body is still little known. According to some scientific points of view, such products are able to save the world's population from an impending famine, which sooner or later will come. Although, the impact of GMOs on the human body can be much more damaging than hunger. The last few years, the subject of genetically modified foods became very popular in debates and researches. Many people have been interested if there are GMOs in ...

Introduction

- Definition of type two diabetes is one where the body does not produce enough insulin that would otherwise be important in the normal functioning
- It is a chronic or a lifetime condition which has no cure, but can be controlled
- Ninety percent of the population of diabetic people suffer from type two
- There are approximately three hundred and eighty-two million patients of diabetes

Body

- Sedentary lifestyle NIL type two diabetes
- It also fits the definition and the meaning of the term an emerging disease
- There is a likelihood of the society ...

Among the many contemporary issues that have garnered both media and public attention is the trade in human organs. Civilians, professions, and governments have had diverging opinions regarding the trade and most believe that the trade should be legalized. Noteworthy, it is important to indicate that trading in human organs has become prevalent and has had far-reaching effects, both negative and positive, on the society. Remarkably, trafficking in human organs takes three distinct forms. The most common case is where victims formally/informally agree to sell organs, but are cheated since they are not paid or are paid less than ...

An Ethical Dilemma

Defining Death:
An Ethical Dilemma

The cases of three infants receiving heart transplants in Denver, Colorado from three other dying infants who had not yet met the criteria for the Dead Donor Rule (DDR) raises important ethical questions for the medical field (O’Reilly ¶ 1). These questions include examining the criteria for death, what it is to be dying versus dead, whether the DDR should be rethought, issues of public trust, and consent and prognosis.

All 50 states recognize the DDR as law. According to it, “patients must be declared irreversibly dead before their vital organs can be ...

In the early stages of development, a human embryo has Pluripotential stem cells. Stem cells have the potential to dived and differentiate into specialized cell forming different body tissues and performing different functions. This coupled with their ability to self-renew gives stem cells wide applications in research and transplantation therapy. In his paper on “New potential for Human Embryonic Stem Cells”, Gearhart notes that stem cells grown in culture can be derived from either the inner masses of blastocysts (ES) or from primordial germ cells (EG). Human ES cells have been isolated and are currently the major focus of research ...