Taxes Course Works Samples For Students

1. The Georgia Open Records Act also known as the Georgia Sunshine Law is the statute of the State of Georgia which gives a definition of what is considered to be a public record and which should be made available to the public upon request. The statute defines public records to be documents that are generated by individuals or groups in public office in the course of public service. Public records also constitute items that are received and maintained by a private person or any other legal entity on behalf of a public office or agency.

2. The pre-World War I opinion by ...

Inflation

Inflation
Inflation is a well known process of the price level increase for various goods and services that leads to a purchasing power decrease. Although, only a price level rise throughout the whole economy can be identified as inflation, due to the fact that prices on particular product go up and down every day. There are several reasons for an inflation to occur, and one of those is called demand-pull inflation. This type of inflation usually occurs when there is an inflationary gap, and when the level of aggregate demand increases at a faster rate than the underlying level of supply, which ...

Legal arrangement that offers management, distribution, and ownership of property is what is known as trust. Trust that has some terms and provisions that are not possible to change is what is referred to as irrevocable trust. Once a term has been fixed at the beginning of the contract, the guarantor has no power to alter the terms of agreement as it is done in a revocable trust (Thomas, 2013). Many benefits can be enjoyed by taking irrevocable trust. The most common benefits are to minimize tax on the estate, for minor family members, to help those who are financially irresponsible, ...

Why do total leakages and total injections have to be equal?

Injections and leakages have to be equal because the total amount of money/income that is coming into a sector of the economy must be equal to the amount that leaves that sector so that a state of equilibrium can be achieved for the economy to function properly (Baumol & Blinder, 2008, p.125).

Discuss the limitations of national income accounting

The major limitation of national income accounting is that there are various economic activities that are not included in the national income accounting. These activities includes income from prostitution and black market. In addition, another limitation is that it ignores quality of life by focusing on how much money is ...

Accounting Standard followed by the company:

i) General Mills Inc:

General Mills Inc, for the purpose of its financial reporting, follows Generally Accepted Accounting Principle(GAAP).

ii) Meiji Holdings:
The company, for the purpose of the financial reporting and also for its subsidiaries, follows Generally Accepted Accounting Principle(GAAP). The company declares that the accounting standards are different from International Financial Reporting Standard(IFRS).

Accounting Standard followed by the auditors:

i)General Mills Inc:
The financial statements of the company are audited by KPMG LLP, which are the external auditors of the company. The external auditors have used standards of Public Company Accounting Oversight Board(United States). The standards obligates the auditors to ensure that all the financial statements of the company are free from any material ...

Abstract

The major financial systems in management of any finances of an institution include balance sheets, income statement, statement of owner’s equity and statement of cash flows (Baker & Baker, 2014). The balance sheet is an important tool in the assessment of the organization’s ability to meet its long term obligations. The income statement, on the other hand, gives a summary of the organization’s transactions over a set period. The statement of owner’s equity is a financial statement that uses information from the income statement and provides the same to the balance sheet. It analyzes the changes in profits of a ...

Financial Analysis: Amazon Inc.

The primary source of revenue for the company is the sale of wide range of products it offers on its consumer facing website. Apart from revenue earned from the sale of merchandise, the company also earns revenue from services like AWS, advertising, publishing etc.
In terms of trend in sales of the company, the same have consistently increased over the years. As the graph indicates, Amazon has been successful in increasing its revenue, courtesy, increasing online demand from its customers. With increasing time spent by adults surfing online, the sales revenue of the company has shown a steady growth. ...

Overview of economic performance of GCC countries

The Gulf Cooperation Council comprising of Kuwait, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and Oman are oil rich nations representing an aggregate of 35.7 percent of global oil reserves. These nations are the largest exporter and producer of petroleum and have experienced excellent economic growth since the year 2008. The economic growth rate of the GCC nations has increased threefold to $1.4 trillion in the year 2011. The estimated growth of Gross Domestic Product for the GCC nations in the year 2013 is forecasted to reach around $1.5 trillion. The aggregate growth of Gross Domestic Product in the ...

Finance is a broad field, in which there are number of things would be stride upon. In estimating the future sales, organizations have to consider numerous things in total. The main theme of this assignment is to answer with certain computation with the help of different provisions in total

Ans-1)

Projection of sales would always be effective from the viewpoint of an organization, and an organization could not get certain added advantage without projecting their sales effectively. There is certain estimation, which should be taken into consideration, while projecting the sales of a company. The stance of projecting the sales of a mature ...

A developed country is known by the growth and the level of its economy. Economy of the United States is the world's largest single national economy. The United States' nominal GDP was estimated to be $17.1 trillion in December 2013. Budget deficit affects the taxpayers to a great extent this is because government spending exceeds all the revenue. This forces United States government to increase taxes on the taxpayers. The deficit affects taxpayers forcing them to dig deep into their pockets to increase government revenue. This will, therefore, enable the government plan for its appropriated financial activities. The government will ...

A cashflow statement outlines the fluctuation in the cash resource of a company rather than the change in working capital. This includes the cash inflows and outflows of a company within a fiscal period. Unlike the income statement or balance sheet the items recorded in the cashflow statement are different from those recorded in any other financial statements. The beginning and ending balances are adjusted according to the changes which take place within that reporting period. The main purpose for the construction of this financial statement is to clearly identify the changes in cash or cash equivalents for one fiscal year. However, ...

Transfer pricing is a process where prices or rates used when selling products or services between parent companies, divisions, departments, or subsidiary (SMULLEN, 2001). It exists when two related companies (the parent company and a subsidiary) trade amongst each other. For example, a US based subsidiary of Coca-cola trading with an African subsidiary of Coca-cola. When such subsidiaries engage in price establishments for a transaction the results are transfer pricing.

WITTENDORFF (2010) provides that in transfer pricing the prices set for the exchange may be the original prices set for the products or the original purchase price or a rate reduced to cater ...

Based on the concept of legitimization, what makes organizations such as Wal-Mart and McDonald’s legitimate?

Wal-Mart and McDonalds are among the big organizations which have gone greater heights in putting their employees on public assistance. McDonalds has McResource line that advocates that the full time employees sign up for food stamps and welfare. Wal-Mart, the nation’s largest private sector employer has the largest group of Medicaid recipients. The general argument is that these organizations are bigger, richer and hence less deserving of taxpayer subsidies. However, both McDonalds and Wal-Mart are engaging in perfectly legal behavior. Though seemingly taking advantage of the taxpayer, they are operating within the law. They draw their legitimacy through ...

Financial Accounting

Answer 1)

Referring to the ratios calculated of both the companies, having an overview indicates that the competitor of Tyson Foods, i.e. Pilgrim Pride Corp is more profitable company. The latter company is operating with high net profit margins of 6.53% as against 2.26% net margin of Tyson Foods.
Not only net profit margins, Pilgrim Pride knows how to keep its shareholders happy. The company is operating with high return on equity of 45.87%, while Tyson Foods has significantly low Return on Equity of 12.74%.
Pilgrim pride also has high Return on Total Assets, indicating that ...

Financial Analysis: Amazon Inc.

The primary source of revenue for the company is the sale of wide range of products it offers on its consumer facing website. Apart from revenue earned from the sale of merchandise, the company also earns revenue from services like AWS, advertising, publishing etc.

In terms of trend in sales of the company, the same have consistently increased over the years. As the graph indicates, Amazon has been successful in increasing its revenue, courtesy, increasing online demand from its customers. With increasing time spent by adults surfing online, the sales revenue of the company has shown a steady growth. ...

Financial risk of an enterprise can be defined as the probability of adverse financial consequences in the form of loss of income and capital under uncertainty conditions for its financial activity. Financial risks have a great variety and for the implementation of effective management are classified by several main features that will be considered below.
Financial risks arises in the process of enterprise relationships with financial institutions (banks, financial, investment, insurance companies, stock exchanges and others). Causes of the financial risk are inflation factors, the growth of bank interest rates, reduction of the value of securities and others.

Financial risks are roughly divided into two types:

1) ...

Bottled water consumption has been on the increase year after year. A research conducted by International Bottled Water Association in conjunction with Beverage Marketing Cooperation indicates that the number of bottles consumed in America has grown by an average of 6.5% in the last three years. In terms of gallons, the consumption has tremendously grown in the past two years from 9.1 billion to close to 10 billion gallons. This growth is closely associated with the growth of pa capita income in the United States. Bottled water consumption per head was estimated at 30.8 gallons per year. The consumption ...

Question one

Valuers undergo many challenges related to physical, economic and practical factors while determining market rents for commercial properties. Market rent refers to the estimated cost of leasing a real property on the valuation date between a willing lessor and willing lessee following the laid down lease terms (RICS, 2014). Property valuers are among the major emerging global professionals requiring extensive knowledge and skills on real estate management. Moreover, property valuation heart of real estate management. Most nations follow international valuation standards in order to avoid conflicts that arise between the valuer and the client, or the real estate ...

Good health of the people is essential for the prosperity of the nation. The realization of national goals such as increased national income significantly depends on the good health of its people. Emerging trends indicate that the United States government has taken the initiative to ensure that it has established a comprehensive health insurance plan for its citizens.
Given the three separate options, I will prefer the imposition of a 7 percent rise in the income tax. This is because this option of funding takes account of the relative differences in income earning among members of the society. It acknowledges ...

1. Critically evaluate the following suggestion: “If the price elasticity of demand for food is low, therefore if you own a restaurant, you can charge higher price to increase revenue”.

Consumers’ sensitivity to price is known as the price elasticity of demand. Simply put, it measures the degree of responsiveness of consumers to a given change in price. A good with an elastic demand will have a value greater than 1 and will experience that people are very sensitive to a given change in price. Products with an inelastic demand will find that even if price increases by a small amount, the quantity ...

The overall experience of using money tree software for financial planning was profound and knowledgeable. The usage of software did not only help me recognized various factor associated with financial planning, but also the method by which effective financial planning could easily be carried out. I would describe my learning outcomes as I kept going through using the money tree software.

The first thing that appealed me was its user-friendly interference. The software has been designed in such a way as, every person related to finance, whether novice or professional could use this software without any adversity or predicament. ...

Interrelationship of Cash Flow Statement with Other Financial Statements

Cash flow statement is the statement that shows the position of cash inflows and cash outflow in the given period. It is directly related with other financial statements. The statement of cash flow is divided into three parts as cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities and cash flow from financing activities. The Cash flow from operating activities shows the cash flows from the activities done on the regular basis to run the business. It includes the net income of the business, which is obtained from the income statement and some accounts recorded in the balance ...

Question-1 – The Difference between Accounting Methods and Their Effects

These two accounting systems reflect the timing of the period in which the revenue stream and the operating expenses are recognized in the financial statements of a healthcare entity. The major difference between these systems is that the accrual accounting system recognizes revenues in the period during which they are earned regardless of whether the actual cash is received or not. Similarly, this accounting method reports expenses in the period in which they expire irrespective of the cash payment.

In contrast, a healthcare organization using a cash basis of accounting recognizes the revenue stream in financial statements only when the cash ...

The circular flow model is a representation of an economy that shows the relationship of businesses and household and through their interaction through market for resources and products. Economy has two agents, which are business firms and households. The first agent is households that are social units comprising of people staying together in the same place. While, business firms are the companies that are involved in the production of products to make profits. Households interact with businesses through two ways; the first way is where households work for business to get income. The second way is when the household uses ...

Answer 1)

Bonds are an attractive investment assets and are appealing for any investor because of fixed interest income option which is not available in stocks. Furthermore, certain bonds as Treasury and Federal Agency bonds also offers tax advantages to the investor. Thus, such distinctive feature makes bonds an appealing investment class.

Some of the bonds which are currently available are:

- Treasury Bonds
- Agency Bonds
- Municipal Bonds
- Corporate Bonds

Below are some common investment objectives that can be fulfilled through investment in Bonds:

i) Fixed Income Security:
Since bonds are fixed income securities, they are known to offer a certain interest income depending on the type of bond purchased by the investor. This feature is not available in ...

At first I decided to cut foreign aid and reduce the federal workforce by 10%. When it comes to national welfare Military sector should step back, so I chose reduction of nuclear arsenal and space spending, military reduction to pre-Iraq War size and further troops reduction in Asia and Europe, cancelation or delaying of some weapons programs, reduction of noncombat military compensation, and troops reduction in Iraq and Afghanistan to 30,000 by 2013. In the Health Care sphere I consider increasing the Medicare eligibility age to 70 and cap Medicare growth starting in 2013 to be excessive. We ...

Question 1

Ratios calculations for Walgreens and Rite Aid Corporation of fiscal year 2001 and 2000
LIQUIDITY RATIOS
Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
Quick ratio = (current Assets-Inventory) / current liabilities

ACTIVITY RATIOS

Inventory Turnover = sales/inventory
Accounts receivables Turnover = sales/ accounts receivables
Asset Turnover = Total sales/ Total Assets

LEVERAGE RATIOS

Debt to Equity Ratio = Total Debt/ Total Equity
Long-term Debt to Equity Ratio = Long-term debt/equity
Debt Ratio =Total Debt/ Total Assets

PROFITABILITY RATIOS

Gross profit margin = {sales –COGS} / sales
Operating profit margin = EBIT/ sales
Net profit margin = Net Profit After Taxes/ sales
Return on ...

Self-Determination of use of Market Value by Banks: Good or Bad?

As per the new Exposure Draft of FASB, financial institutions are now relaxed from the use of fair value in their financial statements. As per this new rule, if the bank intended to keep the asset until it was paid off, it would be carried on the financial statements at cost price, and the value will not fall or rise when the market prices are changed. The proposal was welcome by the banks which were once unhappy with the proposal of 2010 regarding use of market value as they(banks) contented that since market values of financial securities had ...

Purchasing of a bond normally means that this transaction is equivalent to giving a loan to the issuer. As such, it is important to put into consideration a number of factors before buying the bond. In this regard, it is important to consider the maturity of a bond. Usually, there are short and long-term maturities thus the purchaser should consider if the duration it will take for the bond to mature is convenient for him/her. Generally, the purchaser will get more interest payments in total for bonds with long maturities than those with a shorter maturity hence it is important for the person buying ...

Public good provision is an example of market failure, which requires government intervention. This happens in the private market, which deals with the provision of public good such as health care. When the health care is left in the control of private markets, its price system does not offer equitable price and quantity of output. This is so because the public will be required to supplement their consumption with purchases from the private market, which will take advantage of the situation. The private market, which deals with health, matters end up overcharging without considering the issue of quality and ...

Objective 1:

i) Aggregate demand shows demand for real GDP by all the people in an economy, which they are willing and able to buy at different possible prices at a given point of time, holding other factors constant. The aggregate demand curve is downward sloping and shows an inverse relationship between price level and real GDP.
Following is the explanation for downward sloping demand curve, which is very much different from income and substitution effects of demand of a single product:

1) Interest Rate Effects:
When price levels increases in the economy, businesses and industries, have to borrow additional funds to ...

Introduction

This is a strategy adopted by the government through the Central Bank to control macroeconomic shocks due to fluctuation in wages and prices of goods and services. Stabilization may include monitoring the business cycle and interest rate regulation by the central banks. Moderation of these factors leads to changes in unemployment rate, recovery of an economy from economic shock control borrowing and money supply. In general terms stabilization are used to regulate the fluctuation of business cycle. There are two main elements of stabilization policies, that is, monetary and fiscal policies.

Elements of Stabilization Policies

Monetary policy
This is the process through which ...

Refering to the Cash Flow Statement of Apple Inc., we have found that the company uses Indirect Method of preparing Cash Flow Statement where the financial statement was divided under three sections i.e:
- Cash Flow from Operating Activities

Cash Flow from Operating Activities:

Cash Flow from Investing Activities:
Cash Flow from Financing Activities:
Courtesy of a high amount of stock purchase during 2013, Apple Inc. Reported Cash outflow of $16.37 Million. Although this was marginally less than $16.98 cash outflow during 2012, but the major point to note in the cash flow from financing activities was $16.86 Million borrowing by Apple ...

About the report

The report is based on analyzing the financial performance and accounting policies for Starbucks Corporation. While the financial performance of the company will be evaluated using the tool of ratio analysis for the period of two years, the accounting policies of the company will be discussed using the latest annual report.

Accounting for assets, liabilities and equity

Note 1 of the financial statements discusses the procedures through which the company accounts for its assets, liabilities and equity. As for accounting assets and liabilities of the company, the company uses the provisions of Fair Value Accounting, under which fair value of the assets and the liabilities ...

Question 1: What is (are) the principal activity(ies) of this business?

Serving both the United States and United kingdom, Established in Ireland, the Green core group is one of the leading convenience food business’s in the world . The convenience food divisions provides a wide range of chilled, frozen and ambient foods to major retail, manufacturing and food service companies. Specifically in the UK, Greencore provides sandwiches, Italian chilled meals, branded chilled meals, chilled non-dairy desserts, chilled sauces, cooking sauces and pickles and Christmas cakes.( See Greencore Food to go UK) In the US Greencore is best known for providing “grab and go” packaged food options (sandwiches, salads, sushi, entrees ...

Analysis of Financial Statements

Referring to the above income statement, we find that since the start up, the revenue figures of the company has consistently increased with the revenue for Quarter 4 surging high by 144.4%. However, the profit margins of the company are not so encouraging, in fact despite of such a significant rise in the revenue figures, the company ended the latest quarter under the loss of -$3011373 and EPS of -$33/ share.
An in-depth insight of the company’s income statement reveals that although the revenue figures of the company has been increasing, but it is not able ...

Introduction

The AS-AD framework is a very useful economy tool, which reduces the economy into a simple model of supply and demand. The aggregate demand curve (AD) is given by the summation of consumption (C), investments (I), government purchases (G) and net exports (X-M). On the other hand, the supply curve is a function of the expected price levels. This paper uses the AS-AD model to analyse the economy at various levels of employment, and the adjustments that accompany movement various policy actions. It begins with a depiction of an economy operating at less than full employment, showing that economies often tend towards the ...

Austerity Measure

The growth path of an economy does not follow a smooth trajectory. It is composed of a number of short-term and long-term fluctuations. The magnitude and duration of such fluctuations are varied. The government uses its two important tools, the fiscal policy and the monetary policy to smoothen out this jagged path to some extent. During periods of boom, that is, when the economy experiences high rate of growth with low unemployment rate and high income, the government follows a contractionary fiscal and monetary policy. In times of slump when the economy is under a phase of deceleration in growth with low output ...

- You owe £40 K in Corporation Tax: This amount will be recorded under the liabilities section as it is an outstanding expense, which the company is liable to pay.
- There are £15K worth of FPGA in the stock room: Since stock/inventory is a current asset for every entity, it will be recorded in the asset side under current assets.
- Paid £20K to a supplier for ARM Boards that are yet to be delivered: Since the transaction is prepaid and the company is yet to receive the boards, it will be classified in the ...

Biker’s Nightmare

- Should Biker employee quit his job over the failure of his employer to pay import duty taxes?”
In accordance to the mandate as passed by the SOX (Sarbanes-Oxley Act), SEC (US Securities and Exchange Commission) and IFAC (International Federation of Accountants), the first priority for professional accountants should be towards the larger public good. While, in view of public interest, the Biker employee should report the misrepresented facts to the concerning authorities, the fact is that there are several factors that affect this course of action.

Firstly, in most companies these days, there is a clause which speaks ...

Co-Payments: Haseltine (2013) Co-Payment is a small portion of the price paid by an insured person when they get a service. Co-Payments should be based on income, the higher the income; the higher the cost. Everyone is obliged except those who cannot pay. Insurance companies and healthcare organizations are not affected by this system. All HMO holders seeking medical service are affected especially those who receive high income. This system should not affect the quality and safety of a medical service because those who pays higher compensates for those who pays none or less.

Differentiated Service: Haseltine (2013) asserts that in a public ...

Entrepreneurs engage in different forms of business ownership in an effort to satisfy their business goals and objectives. Different types of organizations and organization structures are available in the present business world influenced by the type of environment a business operates in. This discussion focuses on four types economic concepts namely: Sole proprietorship, partnership, public sector organizations, and not for profit organizations.

Sole proprietorship

As the name suggests, a sole proprietorship is a form of business organization owned and managed by a single person. It forms the simplest type of a business to start because it does not fall under the categories of legal entity businesses. ...

Review of the Political and Economic Climate of Ghana.

Ghana’s civil liberties, freedom of the press and political rights standards rank high among African countries; similar to those of developed countries (UNDP, 2010). Economically, Ghana highly relies on international technical and financial support emanating from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The regional Conference in West Africa, Accra accentuated challenges and opportunities of deeper economic integration in West Africa (IMF, 2013). They resolved to allow banks to serve customers across various countries with the aim of creating a wider pool of funding with better diversification and customer bases. That makes it an attractive site for investors to ...

Healthcare organizations earn revenue through different means. Examples include; payment from provision of medical and non-medical services, donations and grants from persons, organizations and the government, and also from various forms of investments. Different factors affect the revenues generated from payments of medicinal and non-medicinal services. They include; the nature of medical services provided to patients, volume of outpatient procedures and the costs of such services. The main sources of revenue are as follows:

- Medicare

Medicare is a wellness program whose management lies with the Centers or Medicare and Medicaid Services. The program majorly avails healthcare services to individuals ...

Souq.com is the leading online platform in the Arab world where there is free trade. The revenue model of www.souq.com leans towards both the commercial and the retail sectors. Since its establishment, it is today the largest online shopping mall in the Arab world. A large number of suppliers enable Souq.com to provide a variety of products to consumers. The company generates by selling numerous product varieties to clients. Some of the product categories that the company deals with include; electronics, baby items, perfumes and fragrances, phones and accessories, etc. The company offers several advantages to its clients including; free ...

1. Balance Sheet

The term Balance Sheet is commonly used in the domain of Financial Accounting. The balance sheet is a statement that makes a declaration about determined financial position of all monetary and finance related input and output of a particular company, organization, or association. According to Northcentral University (2011), “The balance sheet, or statement of financial position, lists the firm’s assets and liabilities, providing a snapshot of the firm’s financial position at a given point in time (p. 20).”

The core objective is to keep track of financial balances related to the organizational activities and maintain awareness about the kind of ...

Most of the uninsured American workers claim that the high cost of insurance is the main reason they fail to take cover. The inability to afford insurance is the problem that many workers have faced in the past. The 2008 recession led to many Americans to lose their coverage through their jobs. This situation increased the already rising number of uninsured people (in the previous decade) to 40 million. Although Medicaid and CHIP strove to control the highly rising rates of insurance, it was not until the Affordable Care Act (ACA) went into effect that many low-income Americans and ...

Atmospheric carbon emissions in the United States have elicited a myriad debate on the effective policies, which should be enacted to save the economic global change. Proposed policies are essential curbing the menace. Primarily Energy efficiency policy is vital. The mentioned policy encompasses providing consumers with tools to effectively monitor and adjust their energy use. Notably, cap and trade system policy is also vital. The mentioned system employs financial inducement in encouraging reduction of carbon dioxide by companies. Here, a regulatory body set maximum annual limits of carbon emissions (Turk & Bensel, 2014). Also, a carbon tax policy connotes to a tax on ...

1. Examine the inequalities of health care in Canada.

Health disparities have been reported in Canada for almost 40 years, particularly among people of low socioeconomic status, Aboriginal identity, female gender, and who live in rural or remote communities (Touhy et al., 2012). “People who are part of a visible minority tend to be economically disadvantaged with blacks and Aboriginals faring worse” (Touhy, et al., 2012, p.52). Little has been done to enhance their access to health services. Aboriginal people have limited access to doctors and dentists even though they have more health care needs than non-Aboriginal Canadians (Fred, 2009). For example, the life expectancy of Aboriginals is ...

Revenue model is a design strategy of e-commerce used to demonstrate models of sales, company products, services and revenue forecasts of accompany. Revenue models also play an important role in value appropriation. It complements business model design just like product design can be complemented by pricing strategy. The statements of cash flow in accompany can thus be demonstrated using revenue model through the development of account receivable.

The first website, that is, www.souq.com comprises of revenue model that can be used for online shopping. It includes selling Microsoft products such as Windows ultimate and other services. The revenue model in ...

Question

Assume that the country is in a period of high unemployment, interest rates are at almost zero, inflation is about 2% per year, and GDP growth is less than 2% per year. Suggest how fiscal and monetary policy can move those numbers to an acceptable level keeping inflation the same. What is the first action you would take as the president? As the chairman of the Fed? Why? What would be your subsequent steps?

Answer

Analyzing the given data indicates us that this economy is suffering from the deflation. In another word, we see high unemployment, very low inflation and very ...

(a) How much did your company’s gross margin and gross margin as a percentage of revenue increase (decrease) over the past five fiscal years?

As per the report of Stock Analysis on Net on Starbucks’ profitability analysis, Starbucks’ gross profit margin was 55.75% in 2009, and it notably increased to 58.36% in the following year. However, the firm’s gross profit margin was decreased by 0.66% in 2011 reaching 57.70%. It was again dropped to 56.29% in 2012. According to the same report, in the last fiscal year, Starbucks achieved an improved gross profit margin of 57.14%. The recent increase in the company’s gross profit margin indicates that Starbucks is recovering from the shocks of the recent global recession. Similarly, the organization’ ...

Introduction

The report includes a speculative summary which is highly rendered by the project submitter. The report includes the rules and exemption to work with an accommodated job in United Kingdom. The summary and the report includes the rules and regulations which are necessary as per working in the UK company, and it also discuss about the Tax redemption charges as per the incomes basis of an individual. The report even includes the taxation of any employee working in a UK based company. The rules and regulations are also jotted down to make the project analyst know about the main factual finding ...

The database of the “Wealth and Health of Nations” contains the data of the world regarding healthiness against the income per person. In order to review and assess the data of child mortality against the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the x-axis of the ‘Gapminder’ application is set to the variable named “Income per Person (GDP/Capita) and the y-axis is set to the variable named “Child Mortality”. The child mortality is considered the death of a child in between newborn till five (5) years of age. Moreover, the paper is limited to data of a few countries; therefore, ...

The census bureau determines poverty levels in the USA through a comparison between pre-tax incomes against the threshold. The threshold is normally set as three times the cost of the minimum food cost of food diet and is updated every year. The consumer index is updated annually depending on the size of the family, and the prevailing inflation (Ritakallio, 2002). The threshold is not dependent on the geographical position.
Poverty threshold is used to track past poverty and compare poverty across geographical regions. The poverty threshold is also used to determine how federal assistance will be distributed and its ...

Chapter 15

Property tax is a self-assessment tax that is paid annually and is charged on the market values of the residential properties in the state. Every state including Virginia imposes property taxes so as to boost the revenues for that particular jurisdiction. According to Mr. Kemp Steiner, who works for the local government of Virginia property taxes, are vital for there to be the provision of services in the county. Mr. Kemp Steiner works for the Virginia tax department and has knowledge on taxation matters.

The levies come from real properties such as land, commercial and private buildings and non-commercial cars. ...

Introduction

In a classic financial world as predicted by Modigliani and Miller (M&M), the risk management should be irrelevant. When there are no information asymmetries, taxes or transaction cost involved, hedging will not add any value to a firm because shareholders or companies can diversify their portfolio in such a way that their overall risk will be totally hedged (Lin and Chang 2006). However, the real world is far from the Modigliani and Miller model. In practice, we see imperfections in the financial market. This imperfection may actually create a rationale to reduce the volatility of earnings for a firm through hedging.

Many empirical ...

According to the Wall Street journal, the U.S Gross domestic product grew by 2.8% in the quarter that ended in September 30. This is according to the data released by the Commerce department. The growth indicates an improvement from the 2.5% growth recorded in the second quarter. According to economists, the growth much of the growth was due to a one-time accumulation of inventory by businesses across the country.

There was reduced spending on equipment and software by business firms in the third quarter. According to economists interviewed in the Wall Street Journal, the government shutdown together with the holiday ...

1. This case concerns decision making with regard to public budget in order to arrive at a decision that competently addresses the financial needs of the Gaston county of Carolina state. The case involves finding means to balance budget requirements in order to arrive at a suitable budget that precisely addresses financial situation of Gaston County.

2. The political context of this case revolves around seeking the most appropriate procedure to address the needs of the public. For instance, debates are raised regarding whether or not to increase taxes. Elected county commissioners are bestowed with decision-making responsibility in order to harmonize ...

Profitability Measures:

These ratios are used to analyze the profit margins of the company and is of great importance, both for management and investors, as through this they come to know the actual margins they are earning from their operations and after all the non-operatig expenses are deducted.

i)Net Profit Margins: Net Profit/ Revenue*100 ( Robinson, 2011, pg.143)
Also known as Bottom Line Profit Ratios, these ratios indicate the net profit margins of the company after both operating and non-operating expenses are deducted from revenue figures..

ii) Operating Profit Margins: Operating Profit/Revenue*100
Calculated as ratio of Operating Profit ...