Labour Critical Thinkings Samples For Students

Fashion Business Ethics and sustainability

The substance of CSR
Corporate social responsibility entails a set of principles and initiatives undertaken by a company to respond to the effects of its business on the environment, the social welfare of the people, and the community at large. Every business organization has a set of initiatives that allow the organization to respond to the effects of its business on the people. Such initiatives could be on matters education, environmental conservation, provision of relief services, or providing health services to the community. CSR is also known as corporate citizenship and the initiatives contained therein depend on the size and nature ...

Will you be replaced by an app?

Under the cost minimization rule, the firm only employs purely labour human labour when the marginal physical product (MPP) of having a machine in place of the human labour is very low. In this sense, it happens when a firm finds it more cost effective to have human labour i.e. the marginal physical product of the worker is higher than the marginal physical product of the machine. When the marginal cost of operating a machine exceeds the marginal revenue product of that same machine, then the firm will automatically utilize only human labour since the marginal cost will be lower and in ...

Current practices in Employee relations between the UK and Nepal

- Employee relations address the development of mutually beneficial relationships between employers and employees, (Dundon & Rollinson, 2007; Strauss, 2006).
- The United Kingdom has a very different culture from Nepal and the two countries are also on very different economic statuses. While the UK has a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (nominal) of $36,728 (Wilkinson, et al, 2004), Nepal has a GDP (nominal) of $1,400 (Adhikari, 2000).
- Nepal has a more than 100 ethnic groups that speak about 92 languages (Guru-Gharana, Dahal & Nepal Foundation for Advanced Studies, 1999), as opposed to the UK which has one dominant ethnic group ...

Critical Thinking

Labour Unions came to the United States almost as last as the nineteenth century, while they were already gaining popularity in Europe as a result of the industrial revolution of the late eighteenth to mid nineteenth century. There was a growing need for labour unions and spokes persons for the labour force as industrialisation set in. Labour Unions in the United States have come a long way since then and become a force to reckon with. There is however a constant debate on the advantages and disadvantages of being a Union member and employing a member of the Union from the organization’s point of view. ...

The division of labour has been present in human society since the very beginning (Mies 49). The need for the group to accomplish different tasks in order to live was best accomplished through the division of labour. By increasing the value of each person by having them work in different areas enables the large scale progress of the entire society. The early forms of division of labour were largely based around the gender roles, with the male most often being the hunter while the female prepared the food and tended the children (49). This separation was based on the ...

Question 1

Collective bargains and labour relations are usually associated with adversarial approaches. However, there are also ways the adversarial approach can be avoided. Normally, there are two opposing sides, each seeking to have its terms accepted in the collective bargains. In other cases, the labour relations are aggressive such as holding demonstrations. However, the compliance and collaboration strategy can be used effectively without causing adversarial impacts. In this case, both parties agree to comply with the terms and conditions of the bargaining process or labour agreements. The parties then collaborate in working towards achieving the collective bargains or improving labour ...

A quota is a trade restriction imposed by the government that limits the amount or value of goods imported or exported into a country (Carbaugh, 2010, p. 151). An import quota affects the consumers, producers and the national welfare. Firstly, a quota reduces the supply of a commodity in the importing country’s domestic market. The reduction in supply causes an increase in market price thus leading to a decline in consumer surplus (Carbaugh, 2010, p. 151). However, the increase in market price benefits both foreign and domestic traders hence producer surplus increases (Carbaugh, 2010, p. 151). However, the ...

Karl Marx’s Theory of alienation describes the separation of things that in nature belong together. It also discusses the placement of resentment between things that ought to be in harmony with each other. In particular, the theory describes social alienation or the estrangement of people from certain aspects of human nature as a result of living in societies that are divided into social classes between the rich and the poor (Krugman, 2002).
Marx’s theory of alienation in respect o capitalism is very relevant in our contemporary society. According to Mészáros, (1970) alienation can almost be ...

Anne Jacobs’ “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl” as equipment for living

Anne Jacobs was born in slavery in California, although the dawn of slavery came upon her when she was twelve after her mistress death. In writing the narrative, she explicitly analyzes the life she had as a slave, putting forward several points. The narrative provides the equipment for living for the slaves at the time of writing. At a time when life took different turns, scholars led by Kenneth Burke came together to write several material that would give the perfect recipe for life. In the most famous essays, Kenneth describes literature as the instrument for living implying many things in ...

Recently, the world has grown into one market due to integration of business related activities across organizational and geographical boundaries. This has necessitated the need for the capacities to deal with many culturally diverse merchants. Due to globalization, markets have expanded to include competition for productive inputs and customers with regard to national boundaries. This paper seeks to look at evidence regarding penetration of global economies into the community, who benefits, and those who do not benefit from it.

I hail from a region where there exists economic globalization manifested in a variety of ways. At the business level, companies have ...

C. Wright Mills; The Sociological Imagination p. 355-358 in Lemert, C. (Ed.) Social Theory: The Multicultural and Classic Readings. 3nd ed. (37-41) (2004) Boulder, CO.: Westview Press.

“Underlying this sense of being trapped are seemingly impersonal changes in the very structure of continent-wide societies. The facts of contemporary history are also facts about the success and the failure of individual men and women. When a society is industrialized, a peasant becomes a worker; a feudal lord is liquidated or becomes a businessman. When classes rise or fall, a person is employed or unemployed; when the rate of investment goes up or down, a person takes new ...

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In 2010, the UK’s Communities Secretary John Denham sadly noted that in spite strides against racism in the past decade by the government, the same plight of discrimination against the poor white families (PWF) had gone largely unnoticed and had then reared its ugly head. The segment has remained stagnant and has not keep abreast of the general progress of the population.
Denham expressed that assumptions on race have to be taken cautiously lest they will be used to justify PWF’s disadvantages. One such notion is that Asians are naturally more hard-working and ambitious ...

2-1. Food Foragers, Hunting and Gathering, and ‘Insulting the Meat’ and Egalitarianism

Food Foragers
Food foragers are essentially ‘in tune’ with their environment such that they have developed the senses and the skills to forage for food. Foragers survive by fishing, hunting, and gathering edible plants in their surroundings. Since foraging not only requires skill but also shared efforts among people in the community. For this reason, foragers were the ones that put together the fabric of ‘community’. “It was as foragers that we became truly human, acquiring the basic habits of dealing with one another and with the world around us that still guide the behaviour of individuals, communities, ...

Discuss the contemporary public debate about some forms of foreign investment in Australia and provide your advice on whether the government should adopt stricter controls to address these concerns
Australian policies and engagements with other global states have been beneficial to the country’s economic, political, and social development. Job security and economic development in Australia have largely been increased by the country’s ability to sell its products in various parts of the world especially in Asia and European countries (Narlikar, 2010, p.79). Studies on Australian market affirms that international agreement has not only helped in marketing ...

What are the purposes of a family? What purposes does your family serve? What do you think are the most important elements of family life for the well-being of society?
A family is a fundamental social institution that has been in existence since the creation of man. It is made up of two or more people who live together and are related by blood, marriage or adoption.
The main purpose of the family to offer protection to the children, from physical, psychological and social harm that may lead to improper functioning in the society. It gives a sense of security ...

Summary

Minimum wage legislation is a very popular and populist issue. There are both economic and social needs to be addressed in the matter. There are also very highly opposing positions in the discussions.
There are many arguments in favor minimum wage legislation. Perhaps, the most important among them are four rationales: poverty alleviation, reduce wage inequality, employee protection, and economic stimulation. Meanwhile, among the four more important arguments against minimum wage legislation are: increased unemployment, aggravated poverty, increased high school drop-out rate and prolonged unemployment periods, and reduced global competitiveness.
In the light of the present world economic ...

Outsourcing refers to the practice of delegating to a third party the performance of some parts of the value chain that used to be done in-house. The make-or-buy decision is usually based on the cost-benefit analysis and aims to eliminate non-value adding activities or processes that the company does not have competitive advantage in. It is possible to distinguish between onshore and offshore outsourcing. Onshore outsourcing implies that the partner companies are located in the same country, while offshore outsourcing or offshoring implies that the outsourced activities are going to be performed by foreign entities (Jacques, 2006).

Originally outsourcing was ...

called and held to account

Introduction

Traditional models of accountability, primarily those of elections and legislative scrutiny, are no longer sufficient in holding governments accountable. While Emy and Hughes (1988) argue that accountability dilemmas have been long standing within ministerial government, they see accountability failures as an indication of mechanisms corrupted by political interest. The rise of new social movements is a strong indication of the collective desire of citizens to interrupt the “chain of accountability”. The desire to influence political decision makers is a reflection of a growing assumption that the democratic deficit facing most western governments requires experiments ...

The Perils of Bad Strategy

Thesis
This paper is a critique of article in the McKinsley Quarterly on The Perils of Bad Strategy. This article is a synopsis of the book ‘Good Strategy / Bad Strategy: The Difference and Why It Matters’ by Richard Rumelt from the UCLA Anderson School of Management. The first section of this paper will discuss the main argument and evaluation of this article. The next section of this paper will summarize the key points discussed in the article. The final section is the critique of the article, discussing the strengths and weaknesses of the discussion in the article and notable ...

The three periods of feminism development

In general, the history of feminism can be described as the narrative of the ideologies and movements which are aimed at establishing, defining and defending equal economic social and political rights for women. Feminists all over the world have always differed in goals, intentions and causes depending on culture, country and time. Irrespective of these differences, most western historians of feminist’s interests have always considered all movements and acts that push for women’s rights as feminists movements. History of the modern western feminist is divided into three periods of times. These periods vary slightly in their aims ...

The current aging population is presenting a very serious economic challenge. This is very well evidenced in most of the research documents, and it gives us some right on how we are to perceive this whole perspective. When we commence asking ourselves about some questions such as who is responsible for the care of the Americans who are aging then we will begin to appreciate the relevance of this whole concept. As of now, the ultimate answer is no one specifically. This brings forth the social disaster that could be facing us. In this respect, this paper seeks to reconnoiter ...

In today’s world, nothing elicits so much outrage than the subject of slavery. The bone of contention seems to be: why should one human being enslave another? Although people in the modern world may not fathom the rationale behind slavery, it is indeed true that slavery was an accepted institution in the ancient civilizations. It is even possible that slavery predates civilization. One of the reasons why slavery as a practice went on for so long was because enslavement of war prisoners and slavery as a punishment were accepted in the ancient civilizations. Nonetheless, such acts prompt the question of ...

- Thesis
The article aims at evaluating the effects that GI law had on the universities and colleges and specifically, the article evaluates the effects that the law had to the football clubs that were found in the universities. Since the First World War, football clubs were higly valued by the universities. The fans of each team had a role to play in ensuring that the club had the best players. This is what created a lot of competition between colleges and universities in the process of selecting quality players. This led to passage of laws that would regulate the ...

Motivation is an essential yet complex aspect of any organization. Sound motivation plays an important role in increasing the employee output and achieving the organization’s goals and objectives. The labour industry however keeps changing and management faces challenges in implementing sound motivational policies presently as opposed to five decades ago. Explained below are three challenges that current managers face while motivating employees as opposed to fifty years ago.
- Workforce Diversity
Present day workforce takes diverse dimensions in terms of age, gender, race, cultural background, physical abilities and disabilities and religion. This results in a less homogeneous ...

Policies on minimum wages in the United States are common in the headlines in the current era. Globally, it has become a common trend and various countries following the ongoing dynamics in economical trends. In the United States, every job has stipulated wages. These policies are governed by the Fair Labor Standards act. Besides, there are other laws, which operate locally to determine the minimum wages for every job. The main goal of these laws is to ensure that every American who is working is paid fairly according to the work he has done. In America, the minimum wages differ ...

Introduction

Foxconn Technology Group is a Taiwanese company that manufactures and assembles many products of Apple, including iPad and iPhone in China (Hays, n.pag.). The number of people employed by the company is over 0.1 million. However, the company has been in news recently for being alleged of unethical human resource practices and inappropriate treatment of employees. The objective of this paper is to understand the pros and cons of Foxconn issue through article review.

The paper is divided into four sections. The first section deals with analysis and evaluation of arguments in favour of the issue through an identified article. ...

What has been the evolution of development theories since the “linear stages” period? Have these theories added value to the understanding/explaining the causes of underdevelopment? Give reasons for/against your position.

Among the many fundamental questions that continue to confound economists today, is the issue, what are the causes of economic growth and decline? Economic theories have emerged to locate, understand, and thus, develop the reasons behind the successes and failures of economies. While the original answers for this question were in the form of simple theories, nowadays, the complexity of this question has been better understood as these theories ...