Muslim Critical Thinkings Samples For Students

“Sacred time is a "time out of time," when the community's sense of the sacred interrupts ordinary experiences of time” (Patheos.com).According to the Muslim conception God has not only created the world, but also supports everything that is going on in it now. “The Muslim calendar (based on the lunar year) dates from the emigration (hijrah) of the Prophet from Mecca to Medina in 622. Ramadan is the most sacred time in the Islam. Has a sacred significance and is part of the religion. His is month of the worship, the month in which the Qur'an was revealed, the month ...

1. The issue of immigration is a multi-faceted, controversial one. It encompasses issues such as cultural assimilation, human rights and dignity, law and justice, employment, as well as educational opportunities for host countries and migrant countries. For example, some people, like Jonathan Laurence, demand a secular absorption of Muslims -- an unconditional acceptance of their cultural norms by their host countries, and more tolerance for the rapidly-growing Muslim population in European countries. Laurence is an associate professor of political science at Boston College. Kofi Annan, United Nations' Secretary General on International Flows of Humanity, states that we need a more-balanced, conservative approach ...

- Hindu Rights and Rituals: Describe Hindu worship and the role it plays within the Hindu Religion

Puja is a term that directly refers to Hindu worship, which is practiced primarily on an individual basis (“Worship (Hinduism),” 2005). Such is in line with the premise of Hinduism, which emphasizes on the value of personal experience in terms of its worship (Kreeft, n.d.). Deities in Hinduism are worshipped privately, such that it involves the supplication of personal offerings made by worshippers. Gods are typically chosen for worship according to preference, their images displayed at homes and are given incense, water ...

Love is an involuntary feeling of intimacy and affection to towards another person. People feel love because they appreciate the personality traits and attributes of the other person (Living Together Formation and Dynamics of Intimate Relationships 1). Eventually, love may result into marriage after two individuals have an intimate relationship for a certain period of time.
Courtship refers to the duration that comes before a couple becomes engaged and eventually gets married. In most cases, courtship results from the mutual intimate feeling of love and affection towards each other. It also relates to mate selection. Most people court those individuals ...

According to Albert Camus in his work The Myth of Sisyphus, man is engaged in a futile search for meaning, as the world itself is completely devoid of significant and universal truths. He compares life to the myth of Sisyphus, the Greek figure who was doomed to roll a boulder up a mountain, only to never reach the top. Instead of giving up and embracing oblivion, however, Camus believes that "The struggle itselfis enough to fill a man's heart. One must imagine Sisyphus happy" (Camus 1955, PAGE). Sisyphus becomes the embodiment of Camus’ absurd hero – a man who attempts to persevere in a world that ...

The terrorist group al-Qaeda may not have been known if not for the heinous attacks they committed against America in 2001 but al-Qaeda has been around long before the said attacks on 2001 even took place. Al-Qaeda was founded by the wealthy Saudi sheikh Osama bin Laden in 1988 and ran it until his death in 2011 (Zimmerman, 2013). Al-Qaeda under the leadership of bin Laden actually planned to attack USA—a threat that was not sufficiently addressed until the bombing attacks in 2001 (Zimmerman, 2013). Al-Qaeda functions as a network with bases in different countries within the Middle East, and ...

The concept of net neutrality states that governments and internet service providers should treat data on the internet with no discrimination. Data should be treated equally despite the user, content, site, application, attached equipment and mode of communication. Critics argue that data discrimination of some type is not problematic but rather highly desirable. Opponents of net neutrality are of the opinion that the best solution to discrimination done by broadband providers is encouraging a larger competition among providers that is limited in many areas. The Federal Communications Commission is making new rules that will permit internet service providers to give ...

The history about Islam has always been linked to the Islamic empire’s existence. From the beginning, Islam existed and spread in the form of a community whereby Islam was both a cult and a political order (Courbage et al. 344). Egypt, Persia and Levant were all involved in the transformation of Islam to the present state it is in today by the power of the Arabs. There have been differing views on how to deal with the history of Islam even though there are evident sources of how and why Islam was transformed from a cult to an acceptable religion. This critical ...

Critical review

Introduction
The Quran is an Islamic holy book believed to have been revealed to the prophet Muhammad (Haleem, 2001, p.7). Since the creation of the Quran it has been translated into various languages around the world to cater for all Muslims speaking a variety of language around the world (Ahamed, 2006, p. 23),. Abdel Haleem's translation of the Quran is a fine translation of the book. This is because of the author's mastery both English and Arabic languages. He author is an expert lexicographer and is, therefore, a master of both ancient and modern Arabic languages. This makes it easy for ...

Sonbol’s “Women in Shari’ah Courts: A Historical and Methodological Discussion” look at the Shari’ah courts and qadis before modern legal transformation. In addition, the article looks at the laws and the Islamic legal system that govern the role and lives of women. Many critics of the Shari’ah’s customs justify the laws relating to women with the teachings of the Qu’ran. Sonbol attempts to show the system before the culture transformed to the modern days and ways of reasoning. Even though the standard of the society dictated the importance of women, and the qadis ...

Arab Americans trace their origin in the Arab countries that have diverse cultures and religion. Some of these countries are Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Lybia, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates among many others. In terms of population, Arab Americans in the United States of America are more than 1,600,000 according to the 2010 US Census. Moreover, while majority of the Arab countries are Muslim in religion, Arab Americans are largely Christians. They are immigrants who historically experienced discrimination in all aspects of life. They are discriminated in terms of color, labor, religion, and ...

Al Qaeda Recruitment in U.S. Prison
Al Qaeda Recruitment in U.S. Prison
Al Qaeda is an international Islamic and militant group founded by Osama bin Laden. The group strictly operates under sharia law and calls for global jihad. This group is considered to be a terrorist organization by several countries including the United Nations Security Council. After the September 11, attack which is attributed to Al-Qaeda activities, the U.S. government launched a war against terrorism. This move has dampen the activities of Al-Qaeda however it seems that their recruitment process has been more active especially being prominent internationally (Joscelyn, ...

While much has been hypothesized regarding the relationship between the United States and Saudi Arabia, it is of immense significance to note that this does not mean that Saudis Arabia is no longer an Islamist nation. To be precise, Saudi Arabia remains one of the most vocal Islamic nations, which has established close bilateral ties with the United States because of various reasons. Concurrently, the relationship between the United States and Saudi Arabia is mutually beneficial to the two countries. As such, there are various reasons that justify the notions that indeed Saudi Arabia is still an ardent Islamist ...

Introduction

Culture is a critical aspect in any society because it can act as the pillar of unifying a community during a crisis or a conflict. The successful ousting of presidents in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and other countries in the Middle East during the 2011 Arab Uprising had a strong backing of Arabic and Islamic culture. 90% of Egypt’s 80 million people are Muslims and the Islamic culture unified the citizens during the 2011 uprising that removed Hosni Mubarak prom power.
Culture united and motivated millions of Egyptians to achieve common objectives. The Quran, upon which most of Egypt’s culture is based, promises ...

Question 1

Mohammed Rafiq was born in India and practices Islamic. Nevertheless, in the workplace, his colleagues as well as hi manager keeps on referring to him as an Arab and essentially takes him to be an Afghanistan citizen even though Rafiq has told them on several occasions that he is from India. Harassment based upon an erroneous depiction of a worker's national origin is as unethical as harassment based on the worker's actual national origin. For instance, in Rafiq’s case, the colleagues made discriminatory comments regarding Rafiq’s religion simply because he was from a religion that they associated with a different ...

Mohammad Ali

He is an American former professional boxer. Formerly known as Cassius Clay, Ali won his first world heavyweight championship at the age of 22 and went on to win the title three times in a row. Mohammad Ali revolutionized boxing as he brought speed, prowess, and charisma into the boxing arena. Mohammad Ali became famous when he refused to join the US Army to fight in the Vietnam War. He was stripped off his title and only allowed to play again in 1971.
In 1964, after winning his first world heavyweight title, Mohammad Ali, then Cassius Clay, joined the ...

Emma Bonino’s article “The Arab Spring Label is over. The Arab struggle for a better future is not” is an investigative look at the success and the failures of the Arab spring that started in Tunisia in the month of December 2010. Bonino argues that while the Arab Spring would be perceived as a sudden outburst, it was a gradual process of simmering emotions on the people about the authoritarian regimes in Egypt, Libya, Syria, Tunisia and others. However, while looking at what happened in Egypt in the summer of 2013, one can almost certainly argue that while the Arab spring ...

Mariya Omelicheva stated that the government in Kazakhstan has ‘securitized’ political discourse. The “securitization” drive by the government is highly relevant to the situation in Xinjiang. With more localized forms of Islam and “individualization of Islam” in Kazakhstan, different forms of Islam co-exist. However, the government recognizes only a few and curbs any practices of Islam that it does not identify with. This leads to serious falsification of Islamic groups in the province, just as it did for the Uyghurs of the Xinjiang province under the Han government.
The Xinjiang province was initially inhabited by Uyghurs, an Islamic group, ...

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Introduction

The emergence of a collective consciousness towards attaining an enduring kind of peace among different nations of the world has helped foster the concept of human rights. The emergence of the United Nations (UN), a supranational covenant between several nations, has made human rights a compelling concept following years of international conflicts brought by the First and Second World Wars. Whereas there is an understanding that the concept of human rights constantly change over time, it is also equally agreeable that not all people agree with the concept of UN on human rights. At ...

- What was the hijrah (emirgration/migration) that Muhammad and his followers made, and why was this such an important event in Muslim history?
The “Hijrah” – is the Prophet Muhammad's and his supporters` flight from Mecca to Medina, where the first Muslim community was founded in 622 AD. Basically, “hijrah” in Arabic language has got a meaning of relocation from one place to another. As a religious term, the word "hijra" is used in cases of relocation of believers who are oppressed in their homeland and deprived of freedom of religion, to other regions where there are more favorable conditions for ...

What justification did Iraq give for its invasion and occupation of Kuwait in August 1990?

For seven months Saddam occupied Kuwait thus resulting in the first Gulf War as US led forces worked to push the Iraqi military out of Kuwait. Many people have given different reasons as to why Saddam invaded Kuwait but it is believed that he wanted to set Iraq free from the ‘gratuitous debt’ he assumed they had accrued during the Iran – Iraq war, to reconcile the theft of their oil by ‘slant drilling’ from Kuwait and to proclaim as theirs the land he believed to rightfully belong to Iraq. Amidst all the reasons that may have led to the ...

The tussle between the Palestinians and Israelis is one of the most explosive and lasting of all the earth's conflicts. It has its base in the significant claim to the soil which is located between the river Jordan and shores of the Mediterranean (eastern side). For the Palestinians the previous centuries have brought military occupation, expulsion and colonization closely pursued by a long and hard search for autonomy and for coexistence with the state they hold accountable for their miseries and loss (Tessler, 34). For the Israelis (Jewish people), the going back to the land of their ancestors following many ...

Short Answer Questions

Briefly describe the main contentions of the Wahhabi movement and the two main ways this movement differed from other revivalist movements.
The Wahhabi movement is a movement that is popular in radical, fundamentalist Islam. The movement is a subsection of Sunni Islam, although there is much contention surrounding the issue-- many people, including Islamic scholars, debate heavily about whether or not Ibn Wahhab, the theological father of the Wahhabi movement, could himself be considered a Sunni Muslim.
Theologically, the Wahhabi movement differs significantly from other revivalist movements in modern Islam. Firstly, the Wahhabi movement denies the legitimacy of all texts ...

Taking into account the sources of Islamic law, what changes did the ulama in Persia undergo during the reign of Shah Abbas I (1587-1629) that would have direct influence on the Iranian Revolution of 1979?
Shah Abbas (or Abbas I) hated sunnies and he suggested a new denomination to people: Twelver Shiism. Shah Abbas and many other traditional religious people were against any change in Iran. They wanted to follow the belief of Shiism.
The Ulama (the respected religious people with religious degrees) was trying to unite the belief of Shiism and the philosophy of Aristotelian and neo-Platonic. ...

Speech Analysis – Representations of the Israeli/Palestinian Conflict

The Israeli-Palestine Conflict is a complex political situation spanning nearly a century, with great divides in ideology and perspective on either side of this escalating situation. In the wake of sectarian violence and widening gulfs in culture and religion, it is difficult to find a way out of this process. The road to peace is a rocky one, and nowhere is this more acutely exemplified than in the rhetoric of the respective representatives at the UN, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas. Through their respective addresses to the United States Congress and the United Nations, the differences in perspective ...

Question 1

- Based on Morgenthau’s article Six points of Political Realism, Do Political realists focus on absolute power or relative power at both the individual level and the international system?
Central idea to bear in mind : According to realists, the competition that characterizes the international system is due to the fact that nation-states and other state actors would like to maintain their relative power in relation to other actors in the international system.
- Based on Fourteen Points by Woodrow Wilson, what role does rationality and sovereignty play in shaping the alignment of the Central and ...

‘Name’

‘Institutional Affiliation’
For all outsiders who watch with horror the ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestine, it would really be hard to understand why so many killings happen for a small strip of land. The popular sentiment in the Western countries and most of the non-Arab world is that, Palestine is the perpetrator of the conflict and Israel is doing what any country would do to safeguard its citizens. All the targeted killings, separation barriers and military attacks by Israel are given a single justification – Self defense. So is this the reality? Is Israel really the victim and Palestine the ...

Introduction

The Lebanese civil war was actually a multifaceted Civil War in Lebanon. It lasted for a period of 15 years from 1975 to 1990 and causing roughly 120,000 fatalities. Recently roughly 76,000 people remain being displaced in Lebanon. This civil war was complex, multisided battle that has implications still shaping the politics of Lebanon. The Lebanon government had been dominated by the Maronite Christians because the state was essentially created like a safe haven for these Christians by French colonial powers. But the country was occupied by many Pan- Arabist and left wing groups and an enormous Muslim population groups ...

Formation of the Talmud

According to Schiffman (1952), the Talmud is the climax of a long process of transmission and study of Jewish traditions pertaining to virtually every aspect of life. It is an embodiment of an entire creative process that traditionally begun in the period of Ezra the Scribe and ended not earlier than the close of the Middle Ages (Unterman, 1952). Mishnah is the core of the Talmud. Mishnah is an earlier Jewish code of law or curriculum for the study of the law that was redacted in about 200 C.E. by Rabbi Judah the Prince. Both Talmuds, the Jerusalem Talmud and ...

Islam and Judaism

These two religions are some of the oldest religions existing today. They have many similarities in terms of philosophy and practices. Interestingly, they also vary on the same basis. The major similarities are the belief in one God, the adherence to a holy text, the reverence to teachings of their fore leader and regard of the teachings as law. On the other hand, they vary in the manner of spreading the teachings, how converts are treated, and generally on the content of their teachings (Neusner, 1992).
Islam can be traced to the teachings of Prophet Muhammad in the 610 ...

Almost all religions of the world have some form of meditation which only reflects the importance of meditation in religions, particularly considering the diversity of religions, encompassing varied cultures and their inception. Meditation has also been an integral aspect of western religious practices (Digsby), although it is more associated with eastern religions like Hinduism and Buddhism. Today there are several types of meditation by almost all religions including Hinduism, Jews, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Sikhism and Taoism. There is however no clear universal system of meditation shared by monotheistic believers, nor is there a common understanding or explanation for exceptional experiences ...

Abstract

Grouping of populations and cultures can be extremely helpful in studying how people behave, react, and basically in everything related to sociology and psychology. The sociocultural classification pioneered by Geert Hofstede has been a very useful tool for researchers, students, and basically everyone who want to learn more about the sociocultural aspect of a certain country. However, there is this one issue about the way how the countries are grouped, particularly the Arab countries Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia. These are individual countries grouped as the Arab Word. The paper delves into the validity of this decision by reviewing ...

It is prudent to state that slaves existed in Africa even before the arrival of Portuguese and the Spanish. However, it is believed that the way they were treated is very different from the way they were treated after the arrival of the Portuguese and the Spanish. For instance, slaves were treated kindly just like any other citizen could be treated. According to the African traditional beliefs, slavery was considered a temporary state which could occur due to punishment for a crime or in order to pay off a debt.
The difference between the Spanish and the Portuguese trade in Americas ...

The wonderful and imaginative world of popular stories is not complete without magic. Whether it is the conventional western fairy tale Cinderella or the Arabian nights classic Alâ’ al-Dîn, magic lends an elusive touch that transforms the situation and makes dreams come true .In most popular fairytales magical creatures either cast spells on characters or run around transforming their lives. This is true in both western and Arabian mythical tales. Magic often construed as the ability to understand and manipulate the hidden forces of nature, runs rife in the thousand and one stories that form a part of the ...

Critical Thinking Assignment

Part One

The origin of Islam is explained in the summary of the creation of the earth and the heavens. The creation of the earth and the heavens was done in six days (Weider, & Gutlerrez, 2011). God created the sun, moon, trees and the firmament. He also created man and this explains the origin of Islam.

The question of Identity

Islam is seen as a way of life of the Islamic people. It is the way f life of human beings and thus it shows being civilized. It embodies and can make real the things, which make people to be human. People can choose ...

For Muslims, the Koran is the word of Allah or God, as passed on to humanity through revelations made to Prophet Muhammad. Moderate Muslims and Islamic scholars have maintained that Islam is a religion of peace. Considering that Islam has the second largest following and is the fastest growing religion in the world, it is necessary to understand the concept and relevance of peace and war in the context of the Holy Quran. Islam, the religion itself, is the submission of oneself to the will of Almighty God. The Quran says: “Verily, in the remembrance of Allah do hearts find ...

Robyn Wright has been considered by some as one of the best journalists covering the Arab world; the opinion is based on her several decades of writing about the region. Kakutani (2011) claims Wright has an intimate knowledge of the region and has the experience to write knowledgably on the subject (para. 5). Wright has traveled throughout the regions of the world where the Islam religion is the most popularly worshipped religion. From 1973 until now she has traveled to most of the fifty seven nations to report on explosive events which she describes as “wars, military coups, revolutions, ...

OPEC or the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is an intergovernmental organization between oil producing nations across the globe. The organization was founded during the Baghdad conference during September 10 – 14 1960 by the founding member countries Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Subsequent countries were added to the OPEC in the following order: 1) Qatar (1961), 2) Indonesia (1962 - 2009), 3) Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1962), 4) United Arab Emirates (1967), 5) Algeria (1969), 6) Nigeria (1971), 7) Ecuador (1973 – 1992, 2007 – till date), 8) Angola (2007), and 9) Gabon (1975–1994).

OPEC – Past, Present, Future

The OPEC ...

Question 1

Identify what methodology (ies) are being employed in this analysis of Leonardo da Vinci's "La Joconde," and explain why/how. What questions might other methodology (ies) ask about this particular work?

Formalism: - a formal approach has been taken towards this image. Several physical properties have been engaged so as to disclose the function and meaning of this work. Also, intrinsic beauty is the main idea behind this work. The image has a slight smile (slight lips opening at the mouth corners) which was considered as a sign of elegance. A delicate atmosphere dominates this image with perfect interaction of light and shade, ...

Question 1
In the mid 19th century, after the Second World War, Jews in the Arab countries faced the gravest ever case of human rights violation. The Arab regimes in the Middle East and northern part of Africa forced Jews to leave their homes or be held like political hostages. The Arabs came up with official statements that completely subordinated the Jews and threatened their civil, political, economic, and human rights. These actions contradicted the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Part II and Article2.1 of the covenant states that “each state party to the present ...

Primitive people believed in various sorts of deities to help them in their daily tasks; the ancient Hittites, Egyptians, Greeks, and the Babylonians worshipped many gods and goddesses to help them win wars, good harvest, as well as to ensure the safety of the whole empire. Because these societies lack the modern knowledge regarding scientific beliefs, religion played a very important role in shaping the society. Even today, interesting artifacts gathered from recent excavations were discovered by archaeologists of the modern times. These reliefs from the past told scholars about the power and influence of the priests (in Hittite, kings ...

Religion is one of the most important facets of the human experience. Throughout the world, considering different areas of space and moments of time, different cultures have worshiped deities in one form or another. This usually includes the active adoration of these gods, for which a certain locational frame is typically rendered especially suitable. Thomas A. Tweed, in his essay “Space” seeks to examine the nature and characteristics of religious space. In it, he proposes that these spaces are a dialectical construction between the pious and the physical location. In order to define space, he uses five different characteristics: ...

On March 10, 1957, Osama Bin Muhammad Bin Awad Bin Laden was born. He is better known today as Osama Bin Laden. He began his years of life living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. His birth father was Muhammad Awad Bin Laden, and his birth mother was Alia Ghanem. Alia was originally from Syria when she married Osama’s father.
Osama was the 17th child born to his father out of 57 kids. He was the only child of his father and his mother. Muhammad had nine other wives before Alia. His father was born a Yemeni settler who lived ...

John Calvert specializes in the field of social protest and political opposition. He explains that Qutb set the theoretical foundation for radical Islamism in the Sunni Muslim community. Unlike any other Islamist thinker, Sayyid was able to exert considerable influence on the development of Islamism of his own time and of the subsequent generations. Unfortunately, many tend to sully his reputation. As a rule, not only the popular media frequently portrays Sayyid as a terrorist, it illustrates him as an Islamo-Fascist and endorser of murder; it tries to persuade everyone that his moral purpose resembles the objectives and intentions ...

The definition of humans in the past was greatly majored on the ape-like features that made their separation between humans and the apes difficult. In this case, human’s beings were defined as archaic humans with lower brain capacity. However, apart from the characteristics provided, there was no any single accepted definition of human beings. Therefore, there were no adequate definitions. Currently, the term human being refers to the only extant species of the genus Homo. Homo sapiens refer to the anatomically modern man who evolved from the archaic human beings. -What are the characteristics of a civilization? How do ...

(Student’s Full Name)

Question: How International Treaties Interact with Emirati Law (Hierarchy and International Treaties Implementation) according to the Constitution and Main Legislation?

Abstract
According to Kelsen, “‘international law and national law cannot be mutually different and mutually independent systems” (as cited in Harris, 2004, p. 67). Kelsen explains further that “both systems” of the law are perceived as to be “‘valid for the same space and at the same time’” (as cited in Harris, 2004, p. 67). Therefore, certain stipulations found in the national laws expressed in the United Emirates Constitution and the Main Legislation align themselves well with international law. The Emirati Law has provisions that interact with the stipulations of international treaties related to human ...

1. Legitimacy
a. What is legitimacy? What role does it serve in governance? Illustrate your response with examples.
In politics and governance, legitimacy is a term that is attributed to a regime, administration or institution that possesses widespread acceptability, support and trust from the public at large (Hague and Harrop 2013). It is this attribute that usually gives a political entity the right to govern and the right to exact obedience from its subjects. Legitimacy, particularly political legitimacy, is said to result from consent, beneficial consequences, and public reason and public approval. The consent theory as related to political ...

Introduction: Burj Al Arab Hotel

Burj Al Arab Hotel is based in Dubai. It is the tallest hotel in the world comprising of 202 duplex suites and 27 double-height storeys (Jumeirah.com, 2016). In association with world’s largest fleets of Rolls Royce, someone’s transfer to the hotel is well organized by them. The hotel has sourced the best materials from around the globe all for luxury and comfort purpose in conjunction to exclusively handcrafted interiors. Dubai, being the second largest developing city in the world after Shangai, has attracted attention from all over the globe through real estate projects, conferences, and even sports ...

Middle East has been on the boil in the recent past due to the rise of ISIS brand of Islamic fundamentalism and the demand for democracy and human rights by people in many Arab countries. The role of America in shaping the Middle East policy has been profound since the decline of UK as the world’s superpower. Being one of the major suppliers of oil and gas to America, Middle East is a place of strategic importance for USA and other western countries. American indirectly controls the Middle East politics by maintaining close ties with the local regimes and ...

POLITICAL HISTORY

What is the relationship between country size and trade and will existence of many small countries promote or inhibit trade?
Country size is a highly relevant factor as far as trade is concerned. A large country will entail more internal trade. Presence of many small countries will promote external trade as the small countries will seek goods they do not produce (Palmer, p.134). The existence of countries in large units will promote both internal and external trade as these countries will be able to produce a wider variety of goods for example North American countries.

Definitions of communism socialism and capitalism

Communism is a socialist movement based ...

Book review

The Middle East and the United States: History, Politics, and Ideologies is a 560 page book that has a collection of articles written by a carefully selected group of US, European and Middle East diplomats and scholars. Its entire work was edited by two distinguished historians: Professor David W. Lesch, senior Middle East lecturer, Trinity University together with Mark L. Haas, a distinguished political scientist at the University of Duquesne. These are authorities in this area. Besides this book, they are accredited for making other publications like the 1979: The Year That Shaped the Modern Middle East and The Ideological Origins of Great ...

The first temple, construction 3000 years ago was destroyed on the same date on which the second Hebrew temple was destroyed

Only the High Priest was allowed to enter the inner chambers of the Temple, that is, the Holy of the Holies Chamber

The High Priest had to enter the Temple with a pure heart and mind

There were numerous symbols in the Temple; the meanings of these symbols were quite unclear and was only known to a few

Most Important Statements about the four Pieces of Information from the Temple of Jerusalem

It appears that the Temple of Jerusalem was associated with a lot of mysterious circumstances. It is quite unclear whether these mysteries were as a result of human expectation or they were associated with the holiness of the Temple. For instance, people considered it mysterious that the First Hebrews’ Temple was destroyed on the same ...

In her article, “‘My veil does not go with my jeans’: veiling, fundamentalism, education and women’s agency in Northern Cameroon”, Jose van Santen (2010) outlines the impacts of Islamization of West Africa on gender by sharing her mentoring experiences with Maimouna, a girl who grew up being subjected to the Islamic fundamentalists in Cameroon. The story takes us on a journey through Maimouna’s childhood, where we meet her Islamic parents who, by all respects, are very lenient and let her follow her own path. Maimouna is drawn by the potential knowledge she can gain by going ...

English: Critical Thinking

The first reproach is an invitation to the people to dwell in quietism of despair as if all solutions to a problems are barred, all actions in this world would be declared ineffective. This is a lead to the contemplative philosophy and as the contemplative philosophy is a luxury, this is another bourgeois philosophy and the reproach made by the communist. Another reproach that is ignominious in the human situation for neglecting things that possess charm and beauty and belongs to the brighter side of human nature. A man is considered in isolation in both the reproaches and the reason as per ...

The Iraq War lasted officially from 2003 up to 2010 and it is one of the most controversial issues in the local and global political agendas. Various assessments by authoritative scholars on this war have varied in their results since they vary from the top most degree of appraisal to the highest levels of condemnations. In general, it is very difficult to assess accurately the internal situation in Iraq since there are many unexpectedness and ambiguity. In addition, Iraq can either fail or succeed. The Iraq invasion in 2003 (20 March to 1 May 2003) was the beginning of ...

Religion can be described as an organized collection of cultural systems, beliefs and world views which relate to human order of existence. Many religions have symbols, narratives and sacred histories which are intended to explain life meaning or more so explain origin of universe origin and origin of life. It is from the beliefs about human nature and cosmos that people derive ethics; morality and religious law that sums up to preferred lifestyle. Most of the religions have well organized behaviors and clergy who defines what membership or adherence constitutes. For example, Daoism was associated with Laozi, a legendary scholar. ...

How does intersectionality theory help understand “veiling” in ways outside the “dominant” western view of veiling as a form of subjugation? How do women in Mirza’s study navigate agency and resistance in relation to their transnational identity in UK?
It has been observed and argued over the years that the transnational Muslim women who come to Britain from postcolonial societies, nations, and cultures from prehistoric era find a difficult position in the intersecting and dominant faces of race, gender, and class. Therefore, in order to fully and aptly analyze and understand the impact of these dynamics of race, ...

Introduction

The study of culture is one area of scholarly work that has captured the attention of several studies around the globe. Culture is an integral part of the social life of different groups of the human beings the world over. The elements that make one culture to be distinct from another include the belief systems and traditions which define and support those cultures. Therefore, culture is the make-up of a set of norms, beliefs and values that members of a given community hold (Awang, Maros and Ibrahim 201). Different people and communities subscribe to different belief systems and the ...

Torio S. James

Saint Leo University
The Problem
The last two decades left the United States of America’s detention centers flooded with juvenile offenders. The rate at which juveniles get themselves in detention facilities for rehabilitation is at its peak demanding attention from the justice system of the country. Statistics show that the young people are perpetrators of violent crimes inclusive of murder, rape, armed robbery and several other crimes more than ever before. Further studies accentuate that the greater percentage of inmates in jails currently throughout the US comprises inmates in the age bracket of 17 and 21 ...

2. Relationship between storytelling and religion in Life of Pi
With one voice, logicians and researchers through scholarly history have avowed the key relationships that exist between storytelling and religion. Basing on the relationship exuded between storytelling and religion, Martel wants the readers to emancipate the Life of Pi through a contemptuous perspective, whereby they can decide to have faith in it at the desired rate, almost as one can choose to trust in God because it is a common stance in the society (thesis). The young man, Patel, grasps this motivation in different sectors. He turns into a devotee of ...