- Hypothesis: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms have evolved structures similar in function to adapt to conditions on land
- Materials
- Prepared slide of the sponge
- Methylene Blue
- Microscope
- Prepared slide of Hydra
- Weak solution of vinegar
- Teasing needles
- Living Daphnia
- Depression slides
- Methods:
Sponge
- A slide of sponge was placed on a microscope and magnification set at X40
- The structures of the sponge was observed and recorded
- Some organisms were placed close to the tentacles and observed (Vodopich & Moore, 2006)
Hydra
- A living hydra was placed on a petri dish and allowed to relax
- An edge was tapped and observed
- Daphnia were placed close to the tentacles and observed (Vodopich & Moore, 2006)
- Results
The sponge in the first experiment was observed to have a sac-like body with two layers interconnected with several pores (Figure 1). The internal cavity is another distinct feature of the sponges. On the other experiment of cnidarian, a gelatinous, soft and symmetrical organism was observed as depicted in Figure 2. When the tentacles of Cnidaria came in contact with the prey introduced in the water, it stuck tightly such that it was hard to release it.
Figure 1 Structure of Sponge in X100 magnification
Figure 2 Cnidaria in X100 magnification
- Discussion/Conclusion
The results observed in the Porifera and Cnidaria indicate that the two organisms are suitably adapted to survive in their environments. The sponges have cavities which contain food filtering cells, whereas Cnidaria has tentacles which are capable of sticking the prey within reach for digestion (Campbell & Reece, 2008). Based on these conclusions, the hypothesis of this experiment is accepted.
References
Campbell, N. A., & Reece, J. B. (2008). Biology, AP Edition. Cranbury, NJ: Pearson
Education.
Vodopich, D., & Moore, R. (2006). Biology Laboratory Manual (8th ed.). New York:
McGraw-Hill Companies.
