SSRS is made of 43 events in life which are placed into two categories; individual life style related event and the event that occurred and include the individual. Ranking of items are on a scale of 100 and includes events such as death of a spouse = 100, marriage =50, retirement =45, change in sleeping habits =16, vacation =13, people are asked to complete the checklist, depending on the number of life events that are listed that have occurred within the past year. Comparison to the scale is then made to the total scores that show the possible of an individual developing a significant illness. The only disadvantage of the measurement is that it does not differentiate the reaction to negative and positive stress events (Brown el al, 2011).
Adult life stress tool plays a very important role in determining the person who may be at risk for illness related to stress. The major problem in measuring the relationship between illness and stress inventory is the item confounding in the major event of life scale with existence of physical disorders. It is stressful being sick but can also create problems that appear in Readjustment Social Rating scale. This may include change in eating habit, change in sleeping habit. SSRS mostly predict the symptoms related to stress. Stress can flow from countless source; catastrophic event with human or natural causes, individual life history changes, and the daily life on going hustle. Adult life stress tool is mainly used on Catalytic events, Life events (such as experiencing the death of a spouse, being fired from a job, getting divorced or moving to a different country.), Daily hustle, (fearing crime, living in poverty, balancing work with family life, arguing with once spouse, living in crowded and polluted condition,).
The validity; this is the extent to which the machine measure what it was designed for. The valid stress measure should tell you that the person is under high stress, but only if the person are really in high stress. The stress tool cannot differentiate between negative and positive event. This tool may help the medical officers to understand the king of stress one is going through. This in turn will help them to identify if the illness one is going through is as a result of stress or infection. These will help the health officers to know the right measure to take while attending to the patient (Brannon, el al 2013).
Beck Depression Inventory
The Back Depression Inventory, (BDI) is a sequence of questions created to measure the depth, severity and intensity, of depression in patients with psychiatric diagnoses. The form is composed of 21 questions. Each of the questions represents common specific symptom that is experienced among the depressed persons. The primary care providers also have short form that is composed of seven questions.
The back depression inventory (BDI) experiences the same problem like some self-report inventory. This problem is that the person filling the form can easily minimize or exaggerate it. Most of the questionnaires are majorly affected by the way they always administered hence affecting the final scorer. This majorly happens when the client or patient is asked to complete the form in the face of other persons in a clinical environment, for example, social prospect have been shown to obtain responses that are different as compared to administration through the survey by postal.
In patience with associated physical illness, the BDI's dependence on symptoms that are physical for example fatigue may rise up the score artificially due to the illness symptoms, rather than the depression symptom. In an attempt to solve the problem, Beck and some of his friends developed the ‘Beck Depression Inventory for Primary Care" (BDI-PC), screen scale that is short and consist of seven items as of the BDI-II which is always measured to be independent of physical function. Unlike the normal BDI, the Back Depression Inventory for Primary Care provides only a dual outcome of depressed or not depressed, for patience that are above the cutoff score. Though it is designed as a device for screening rather than a tool for diagnostic, the BDI is at times used by the provider of health to reach a faster diagnosis. The BDI is copyrighted and each has to be paid for any copy that is used. There is no proof that the BDI-II is more reliable or valid than other scales of depression (Craighead & Nemeroff 2004).
With the nurses good understanding of the patient, using the Back Depression Inventory, they will understand what the patient is going through and provide the appropriate treatment procedure. This will ease the work of the nurses as they will understand better the language to use that will ease the depression the patient is experiencing hence making treatment easy and faster and intern saving more time.
Calgary Family Assessment Model
Family Stress Theory is a theory of developmental adapted from family science which identifies why some family systems grow and even adapt and flourish at the time it is faced with transitional events or situational stressors, while other family groups disintegrates and deteriorate under alike circumstances. The theory is defined in nursing's metaparadigm of person, environment and health. The person’s concept is defined as: Family or person is observed as experiencing change and hardships as an expected part of the family experience over the life cycle. Families also build up capabilities and strengths to improve the individual development of members and to defend the unity of the family from key disturbance during the transition times and change.
In the study parents, it is very important to recognize there way of defining a family. Family for various populations can be for can be nuclear, clan or extended. It is important to identify the main child nurturing persons within every family for you to be in a position to know the person whom to address the questions. The people taking part may be grandparents, biological parents, or recognized important persons who are accountable for the practice of rearing the child of the family.
The responsibility of nursing contained by the Family Stress Theory is not only support family members' recovery from illness, health or improve performance within certain limitations in health, but also to support, help families in maintaining communication with community supports, improve family strength and to assist families in arriving at a sensible assessment of what is good for them in their given situation. Through these hard work nurses can aid families in the adaptation process (Wright & Leahey 2013).
References
Brown, C., Stoffel, V., & Munoz, J. P. (2011). Occupational therapy in mental health: A vision for participation. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Co. Page 318.
Health Psychology: An Introduction to Behavior and health. New Yolk: Cengage Learning. Page 28- 31.
Wright, L. M., & Leahey, M. (2013). Nurses and families: A guide to family assessment and intervention. Page 134.
Craighead, W. E., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2004). The concise Corsini encyclopedia of psychology and behavioral science. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons. Page 104
