Introduction
Question 1
In this context Djenne evaluates the diverse issues that do arise as a result of the versatile cultural environment pertaining to the HIV pandemic. In this overview it brings into the limelight the context under which the western cultures do actually influence the various cultural settings of the many diverse cultures in the south of Africa. This comes into the scenery where forces of globalised economies create women chiefly vulnerable. Susser focuses her skills on this underprivileged HIV-afflicted group. She further seeks to elucidate the nexus flanked by the individual and the supporting. The authoritative and the expelled, the macro-economic and the domestic, and exposes how HIV acts as a powerful palimpsest of the troubling divisions of global human interactions.
An example is how she displays the strenuous activism engaged to hoist consciousness of the virulent disease (’), effect on women, counting: this is in reflection to heterosexual transmissibility, mother-to-child transmission, and definitely the central roles that women play as care-givers to the children and the general household.
In relation to this, Rudolf brings the context under which the engrossing accounts of the sexual outlaws in the South African minorities, in the Hausa speaking communities illustrates the context under which sexual relationships have become rampant. In this context, where Islamic law necessitates firm severance of the sexes and diverse rules of performance for women and men in almost every facet of life. Hence this clearly elucidates the various aspects in the context that shows that western cultures have played a role in the enactment of the social influences in the experiences and expressive cultures. This is with regards to the various western cultures that have introduced the likes of gays and other homosexual aspects that elevate the spread of the scourge.
Question 2
Mwenda Ntarangwi; East African Hip Hop: Youth Culture and Globalization; supports globalization and highlights its role in promoting gender balance. Globalization has destroyed gender barriers and stereotypes and through music, women and in particular Muslims are using music to speak out of challenges facing them. There is an image created that Muslim women in East Africa are suppressed but on the ground, this is not the actual story.
Allah Made Us: Sexual Outlaws in an Islamic African City by Rudolf Gaudio; also paints a picture of liberation from socio-cultural and religious beliefs suppressing women in the Islam world.
Question 4
In the case of the book ‘Allah made us’ Rudolf brings in the limelight the context under which various language issues help elevate the various diverse messages in the context that brings home the diverse points. One of them includes the sexual affiliations between the wide ranges of the various genders. He further argues that, analysis of sociolinguistic transcriptions, chronological texts, and trendy media, as well as video, film, newspapers, and song-poetry. Hence this further brings the concept that the various peoples such as the Hausa are actually differentiated by the concept of their language on the global overview.
The Politics of Heritage Management in Mali specifies the context under which politics in Mali got affected before and after the independence by the various dynamics, language included. Hence language from the western cultures got involved in the process in the context that affected the various dynamics in the societal mode of life. Hence the various languages were inculcated in the dynamics of the society and which helped in influencing other aspects of the social arena.
Question 5
The studies have depicted Africa as a continent full of conflicts, struggles and epidemics. The continent still lags far behind in terms of politics, economics as well as social aspects of life. Power struggles and civil wars have painted a dark cloud on the continents politics. The human race is subjected to sheer poverty and suffering. However, there is great optimism for the continent. Some studies reflect some hope and light despite the many challenges. Africa is portrayed as a very resilient continent by some studies. Despite the many challenges-lives go on as normal in Africa.
In his book Susser examines the HIV pandemic and its effects on women. The author is able to break away from his own life story, growing in South Africa and examines the effects of these pandemics, particularly on women who are perceived to be more vulnerable to the pandemic. She also looks at social, political and economic dynamics in South Africa and the world in entire as well as the effects of these dynamics on HIV/AIDS. She describes the socio-cultural challenges facing women in relation to the disease. Women, for instance are denied land inheritance rights-this renders women to sheer poverty which increases their vulnerability to the disease and other social problems. At the end of the day, Susser argues that there is optimism for women and the continent in general. Despite the widespread challenges facing women in South Africa, there are spots in which women are making tremendous changes towards making life better.
In his book, Mwenda Ntarangwi; East African Hip Hop: Youth Culture and Globalization, he challenges the mentality that the world holds pertaining to youth in East Africa. Youths in East Africa have been depicted as tools of violence. In contrast, he paints an optimistic picture of the youths through hip hop and music. Youths have converted music into avenues for airing the challenges that they face.
Works cited
Ida Susser AIDS, Sex and Culture: Global Politics and Survival in Southern Africa 2009Rudolf Gaudio, Allah Made Us: Sexual Outlaws in an Islamic African City 2009Charlotte Joy, The Politics of Heritage Management in Mali: From UNESCO to Djenne 2012 Mwenda Ntarangwi, East African Hip Hop: Youth Culture and Globalization 2010
