Improving the Management Practices of Quarry Business Managers
Improving the Management Practices of Quarry Business Managers
Literature Review
Management Issues in Quarrying
Grosman & Goren-Inbar (2016) present details of the survey on a quarry in Modiin that left the damage marks on the bedrocks and surfaces. The purpose of the survey was to analyze the conditions of the surface after quarrying activities and highlights the ignorance or lack of management practices in this project (Grosman & Goren-Inbar, 2016). Trudel, Nadeau, Zaras, & Deschamps (2015) counter the argument presented by Grosman & Goren-Inbar (2016) that mining and quarrying companies are making efforts for saving human lives during the process. These companies are appointing skilled employees who have enough experience to deal with any unusual circumstances and are experts in completing the task efficiently. Also, advanced technological equipment is used to do the work within specified time (Trudel, Nadeau, Zaras, & Deschamps, 2015). Vintróa, Sanmiquelb, & Freijo (2014) also identify that these activities have a huge impact on the environment that result in the problems and issues for the people living in that area. High-level protection should be assured by mining companies(Vintróa, Sanmiquelb, & Freijo, 2014). McAllister, G., & Wetherelt (2013) supported the study of Grosman & Goren-Inbar (2016) and argue that remains of Penlee Quarry cannot be ignored that include ineffective and excessive height benching. It is the duty and implied responsibility of mining and quarrying activities to ensure that all the work should be done in a suitable manner (McAllister, G., & Wetherelt, 2013).
Ewenighia, Dimkpab, Onyeanusi, Babtundec, Onohd, & Onohe (2016) expose the pollutants that were found during mining and quarrying activities in Nigeria that resulted in the adverse effects of mining process due to ineffective management. Eventually, it was observed that precautionary measures were not taken to save the life of workers (Ewenighia, Dimkpab, Onyeanusi, Babtundec, Onohd, & Onohe, 2016). Isiugo & Obioha (2015) also highlight the problems and issues associated with mining and quarrying activities and provide a quick review on the soil degradation and deployment of natural resources in Nigeria. It also indicates that this resulted due to the lack of attention of management on these problems (Isiugo & Obioha, 2015). Maduka, Osim, & Dimkpa (2014) indicate the problems caused to the mining workers of Ebonyi State in Nigeria. The respiratory system of workers was badly affected by the pollution caused by quarrying activities, and the problem occurred due to ineffective management that lacked in providing saftey measures to mining workers. (Maduka, Osim, & Dimkpa, 2014). Ukpata, Ephraim, & Akeke (2012) identify that the remains of quarrying activities such as Lateritic sand dust can be used in buildings, but the management is unaware of the fact and waste the dust material that may result in the hurdles for other mining companies and the general public. However, the challenges of management are not limited to the utilization of sand, but it also involves leniency of concerned authorities (Ukpata, Ephraim, & Akeke, 2012).
Okon & Edet (2016) state that quarrying and mining activities are beneficial for introducing development in the rural areas as it is evidence from the rural area of Nigeria. It represents that these activities are significant for the growth in less or underdeveloped areas that required special attention of authorities (Okon & Edet, 2016). Antonelli, Columbu, Lezzerini, & Miriello (2014) also identifies the benefits of white marble that were found by Romans and their ancients and used by other people in the making of sculptures that remind the era of Romans (Antonelli, Columbu, Lezzerini, & Miriello, 2014). Ivanova (2014) also extends the study by claiming that the concerned authorities are responsible for providing funds and resources to the mining companies for the extraction of materials and metal products from the ground and hills. It also illustrates that the process is done for the development of a country or society so it should be continued by mining companies and concerned institutions (Ivanova, 2014). Bao (2013) also highlights that mining and quarrying activities are for human and they should be done with an assurance of high quality and productivity. The efficiency of the mining workers should be increased by providing extra caring facilities to them (Bao, 2013).
Kharytonov & Benselhoub (2014) claim that it is observed that soil pollution was observed in the mining and quarrying in Ukraine, but the solution was also proved by the survey that this effect can be reduced by mixing the soil with the quarrying materials(Kharytonov & Benselhoub, 2014). Fairchild (2009) introduces a new approach by extending the research of Okon & Edet (2016) that testing of mediation and moderation effects is essential for obtaining the benefits of the work that is to be done for the purpose of making developments in the region.
The hypothetical prevention program is effective in determining the benefits and consequences of each project (Fairchild, 2009). Bauman, Sallis, Dzewaltowski, & Owen (2002) also illustrate that role of confounders cannot be denied in influencing physical activities as a support to the employees who are engaged in physical work related jobs. They should be encouraged to work hard by providing moral support and health facilities. The productivity in this field will prove to be effective in the long run and development is also associated with it (Bauman, Sallis, Dzewaltowski, & Owen, 2002).
Challenges in Quarrying
Ahmad (2014) states that precautionary measures are essential for these activities, and socio-economic factor cannot be denied in these types of projects. The mental and physical health of workers should be focused on extra care. It is the evidence from the study that few people died due to the TB disease and familiew suffered a lot from this activity in the area (Ahmad, 2014). Bell & Hindmoor (2014) present an argument by highlighting that imposing taxes on these activities is considered as a distraction of the investment in this section. However, it is important that few taxes should be imposed on this as it is also a business activity (Bell & Hindmoor, 2014). Silva & Jacinto (2012) presents the argument of Okon & Edet (2016) by providing the importance of safety measures in mining and quarrying activities. The research on the site will provide evidence of a lack in managerial operations of these organizations and highlight the areas of improvements that should be addressed by the concerned authorities and policy makers . McDonald, Mayes, & Pini (2012) identifies the challenge of providing precautions for the mining workers who live near mining sites to reach their destination in less time, but they are not offered such safety and preautionery measures that are necessary for their mental and physical health Invalid source specified .
Kossoffa, Hudson-Edwards, Howard, & Knight (2016) explains that improvement are required in this field, and the projects should be free from any risks associated with mining process and activities (Kossoffa, Hudson-Edwards, Howard, & Knight, 2016). Ogan, Ndekugri, Oduoza, & Khatib (2016) also mention that the suitable method should be chosen that considers all the positive and negative effects and consequences of the project (Ogan, Ndekugri, Oduoza, & Khatib, 2016). Adiea, Otun, Okuofu, & Nasiru (2012) also highlights the problems that were observed after the activities in Gunduwawa Quarry. It was noticed that people got disturbed due to the noise created during the process, and the mental and physical health of people living in that area was badly affected by the quarrying activities.
Oyedepo (2014) states that noise pollution created during quarrying activities is harmful for human health and it should be controlled by the mining companies as it is their social responsibility to protect the environment and avoid such type of work that can result in the diability in humans .
Ersoy (2013) also highlights the risk of accident associated with mining process. It represents that precautionery measures should be taken to avoid accidents in the mining process as safety measures of the workers involved in mining and quarrying activities so to assure social responsibility (Ersoy, 2013).
Ekpo, Nzegblue, & Asuquo (2012) also support the criticism of Oyedepo (2014) by providing an example of quarrying at Akamkpa that resulted in the negative effects on people and animal who were residing there and consuming food products from that locality. It is a great challenge for the authorities who are responsible for proving food and other necessities to all (Ekpo, Nzegblue, & Asuquo, 2012).
References
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Ahmad, A. (2014). A study of Miners, Demographics and Health Status in Jodhpur District of Rajasthan, India. International Journal of Development Studies and Research , 13 (1), 113-121.
Antonelli, F., Columbu, S., Lezzerini, M., & Miriello, D. (2014). Petrographic characterization and provenance determination of thewhite marbles used in the Roman sculptures of Forum Sempronii (Fossombrone, Marche, Italy. Applied Physics A , 115 (3), 103.
Bao, Y. (2013). Study on Mine Materials with Exploring for Future Development Direction of Resources Crisis on Mines. In Advanced Materials Research , 743 (1), 257-260.
Bauman, A. E., Sallis, J. F., Dzewaltowski, D. A., & Owen, N. (2002). Toward a better understanding of the influences on physical activity. American Journal of Preventive Medicine , 23 (2), 5-14.
Bell, S., & Hindmoor, A. (2014). The Structural Power of Business and the Power of Ideas: The Strange Case of the Australian Mining Tax. New Poliical Economy , 19 (3), 470-486.
Ekpo, F. E., Nzegblue, E. C., & Asuquo, M. E. (2012). A Comparative Study of the Influence of Heavy Metals on soil and crops growing within quarry environment at Akamkpa,. Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences , 11 (1).
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Ewenighia, C. O., Dimkpab, U., Onyeanusi, J. C., Babtundec, A., Onohd, L. U., & Onohe, G. O. (2016). Prostate specific antigen and its derivatives in young adults occupationally exposed to quarry pollutants in south eastern Nigeria. Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health .
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Grosman, L., & Goren-Inbar, N. (2016). Landscape Alteration by Pre-Pottery Neolithic Communities in the Southern Levant – The Kaizer Hilltop Quarry, Israel. PLoS ONE , 11 (3), 231-265.
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McDonald, P., Mayes, R., & Pini, B. (2012). Mining work, family and community: A spatially-oriented approach to the impact of the Ravensthorpe nickel mine closure in remote Australia. Journal of Industrial Relations , 54 (1), 22-40.
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