Introduction
Kim Hong-Joon, Park Tae-Jun, and Ahn Kang-Min developed a study to review 25 cases on Bisphosponate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in metastatic breast cancer patient's analysis in the year 2016. The study aimed at reporting Bisphosponate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) in metastatic breast cancer patients. The research objective plays a critical role in helping the reader understand the main issue discussed by the authors. Kim et al.'s study findings play a significant role in the field of medicine today by recommending effective methods of preventing BRONJ in metastatic breast cancer without subjecting the patient to high risks of death caused by infections, pains, and discomfort. The following paper provides a critical analysis of Kim et al.'s study by addressing each section of the study.
Thesis: A study must include all sections of the research and use clear and substantive elaborations to make the reader understand the concept studied.
Analysis
The title of the paper relates closely to the purpose of the study. However, it does not describe the research fully because it lacks adequate information to assist the reader in understanding the main concept researched by authors. Authors could have elaborated more on the title by including subjects such as, "The Impact", "The influence", or "The analysis."
Abstract
The abstract is well structured with background, methods, results, and conclusion sections. It elaborates the content found in the article, but authors did not include research question or a hypothesis on the background. The reader lacks an idea of what the article tests. Moreover, the abstract does not define the type of the research, whether qualitative or quantitative.
Introduction
The introduction concentrates a lot on the relationship between the prevalence of breast cancer and Intravenous Bisphosponate. The literature provided by authors in the introduction has a lot of relevance to the topic of the study and highly recommended. Additionally, it helps define the problem. The purpose of the study was stated, but in a very general manner. Authors did not define the main and specific objectives. Moreover, the study lacks hypothesis and research questions; hence, does not guide the reader towards understanding study expectations.
Methods
Kim et al. (2016) conducted a study on 25 female BRONJ patients suffering from breast cancer and diagnosed with bone metastasis between January 2008 and November 2014. The sample group tested represent the whole population fully because the research identified patients earlier suffered from cancer for six years. However, the sampling design utilized to come up with the target population has not been identified. Moreover, the details provided in the material section are very limited to allow for the reproduction of the study. On the other hand, the study never mentioned about variables that help the reader understand the main items tested in the research. Authors claimed the institutional review board of the research exempted ethical and legal issues.
Results and statistics
The study used tables to present results. The study findings revealed 19 cases of etiologies of BRONJ in dental extraction, 2 cases of a dental implant, and one case of endodontic treatment. The study also observed three patients with no risk factors. Despite the presence of these findings, researchers failed to specify results analysis methods and tactics employed to come up with different statistics. For example, the study did not employ graphs, charts, or any other statistical tools to analyze results. Readers only find percentages and other values without evidence of their origin.
Discussion
The study’s conclusion elaborated the findings and gave the stand of researchers in a very clear manner. Researchers used images to describe the relationship between cancer and Intravenous Bisphosponate injections. Additionally, the study used observations and figures made in the data collection to develop the discussion. The use of images in describing events observed during the study was very critical. The strategy would assist future researchers to influence the outcome of their studies. However, the images were real questioning the ethics followed in acquiring these images if the institutional review board of the research exempted ethical concerns.
Conclusion
Authors gave a very brief conclusion. The conclusion was very general and failed to state whether the research was successful and if it met the objectives. Even if authors came up with a recommendation, they did not elaborate on the challenges faced during the study and research gaps observed to help future researchers continue with researching the topic. However, the article plays a critical role in helping the society understand the impact of BRONJ in metastatic breast cancer patients. Findings from the research will help health care professionals and patients determine the most effective treatment processes for metastatic breast cancer that does not expose patients to dangers.
Conclusion
The analysis helps understand into details the current study by criticizing each section and developing alternatives to help future researchers develop effective and valid studies. The article helps the reader understand the importance of using different data presentation techniques such as images to make the information gathered more valid. Future researchers should ensure their studies include the research question, or the hypotheses guide readers through the different aspects tested in the study.
Reference List
Kim, H.-J., Park, T.-J., & Ahn, K.-M. (2016). Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in
metastatic breast cancer patients: a review of 25 cases. Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 38(1), 6.
