Globalization refers to the increasing global relationships in terms of culture, people and economic activities. It is mostly used in economic or business point of view where it is taken to mean the increasing connectivity and interdependence of the word’s markets and business. Globalization has been caused by a number of reasons as will be discussed below and at the same time it has both positive and negative effects.
Causes
Information technology is one of the major causes of globalization. It has contributed a lot in this process because of availing of information as it provides communication networks that facilitates innovation of products and ideas among nations. It makes it easy for people to access information provided in websites, e-mails and such sites. This encourages creation of new jobs and new markets are established.
Mass transportation is another cause. This allows people and goods to travel very fast and cheaply across the whole world. Crafts have made it very easy for people to travel across the world to identify new opportunities. Establishment of electronic trains has made it easy for people to work across the borders. This has encouraged globalization.
Education is also another cause of globalization. Majority of people in many countries are now taking international courses that are recognized globally. This enables them to work anywhere in the world as long as they hold these certificates.
Establishment of international laws and courts have also been a cause of globalization because people in different countries feel protected and the feeling that they can obtain justice encourages them to participate in global activities.
Effects
Globalization has both positive and negative effects. To start with we are going to examine the negative effects. Outsourcing is one of the negative effects. It is very common in developed countries where they outsource their white-collar jobs third-world countries such as India where the cost of labour is low. This is taken as exploitation of individuals of these countries.
Easy and cheap mass transportation has helped terrorists and criminals. The easy access of another country’s borders have contributed to this where these terrorists and criminals goes to attack innocent people.
Globalization encourages multinational corporations. The developed countries set up these corporations in developing countries and sometimes they pollute the environment as a result of dumping garbage and other kind of pollution such as air pollution. Sometimes they also contribute to child labour where they employ children in these countries. These corporations also affect the growth of local industries negatively as they cannot cope up with the competition.
Besides these negative effects globalization has also brought about positive effects. The available education that is offered globally by international examination bodies ensures that people across the globe access the necessary skills.
Globalization avails information to people across the globe through information technology and this ensures that potential investors take advantage of this fact and invest thereby creating job opportunities. The competition that exists between international corporations also leaves the consumers at an advantage position as a result of differentiation and improvement of products as these companies fight to conquer large markets.
In conclusion it is evident that globalization is almost inevitable as it has quite a number of causes as highlighted above which are a must at this point and time. It has come alongside with it both positive and negative effects. The positive effects have ensured that people gain from it. On the other hand the international community should come up with ways of curbing the negative effects such as pollution measures and security to minimize terrorism and other criminal activities.
REFERENCE
Mahatir,M. (2002). The Future of Asia in a Globalise and Deregulated World .Globalisation and New Realities
Ruan.2010.Negative Effects of Globalization-Chemical Waste and Air Pollution
Globalization of Education-Globalization Theory,The Role of Education.2010. http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2010/Globalization-Education.html(accessed 2010).
