Chapter Summaries/historical Analogy Essay

With the political history of the United States as its organizational framework, "American Nation ‘’ describes the advancement and growth of the United States as the product of the myriad actions, views, and forces of the immense variety of individuals and groups who together comprise of the American people. In broader detailed prose, the book examines the political, social, economic, and cultural developments and growth that have shaped the United States. Below is the summary of the first fourteen chapters of the book ‘’American Nation’’ and the contrast of the past and present historical analogy:
According to chapter five of the book ‘The American Nation’ we can find that aspect of our past is more enshrouded in misconceptions and myth than the history of Native Americans. This chapter examines the wealth and diverse cultures of the first Americans and the far-reaching impacts of their encounter with Europeans. In around fifteenth and sixteenth century voyages of discovery brought the three continents: Europe, Africa, and the Americas into direct contact, producing an exchange of foods and other important materials, animals, and diseases that scholars used to called the Columbian Exchange. In the same, you will learn more about the economic, religious activities, and social developments that resulted to the Europeans to colonize new lands; the differences between Spanish and English colonization; and the difficulties and problems they encountered as a result of the changing climates and topographies. Slave labor played an important role in the adjustment, settlement and development of the New World. This chapter examines slavery in the old, medieval, and current modern world; all the processes of enslavement; the so called Middle Passage; and the evolution of slavery in colonial time and antebellum of the America.
In chapter six we learned about England’s efforts to make an empire based on mercantilist principles and the conflicting events that these efforts to imparted control produce. You will also learn about the forces that changed colonial life, including an extension of the population, stratification of the economy, Enlightenment, and the so called Great Awakening. This chapter critically examines the series of events that involved relations between the American colonies and Britain, and the strong and bitter war that the colonists waged so as to gain independence. It also examines the key figures that resulted the struggle for independence and the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights.
In chapter 7, we learn about the internal difficulties and problems besetting the new republic of the United States, such as provision of funds for the war debts, the military coup threats, and the most popular demand for tax relief, as well as efforts and struggle to expand freedom of the existing religion, make land more readily available and more important to every citizen, increase women’s and men’s educational opportunities, and address the major problems of slavery. This chapter goes deep in the examination of the formation of a new government that was based on the principles of most popular sovereignty, the existing rule of law, and the legislation that were enacted by elected representatives of the parliament. In the first 12 years under the existing Constitution, the United States formed the government machinery that fully defined the powers of the president, enacted a financial program that were intended to secure the credit of the nation and stimulated the economy, and formed the first political parties to include the voting population in national politics.
This chapter also tries to examine the growth of anti-slavery thought, the formation of the colonization movement, the emergence and formation of immediate abolition, and progress of the political antislavery. Under the same chapter also we learn about Thomas Jefferson’s struggle and efforts to reestablish and reform republican government by reducing and coming up with the federal budget over the judiciary, the emergence and the formation of the doctrine of the judicial review, and the emergence of the Louisiana Purchase, as well as British and French threats to American shipping and the causes and importance of the War of 1812.
The War that took place in 1812 catalyzed a new sense of nationalism, evident in the landmark series decisions of the Supreme Court and in foreign policy, especially the rise of the Monroe Doctrine. Paradoxically and most importantly, these years also exacerbated political conflicts. The financial problem that emerged in 1819 produced new political divisions and enmity and the Missouri crisis contributed to a sectional split between North and South. Between the year 1820 and 1840, the property qualifications for the type of voting and office holding were repealed and demonstrated, voter participation increased from 50% to 90%, and a new two-party system also emerged. President Andrew Jackson established Indian lands to the white settlement, destroyed and demolished the Second Bank of the United States of America, and refused a state the right to cancel the federal tariff.
The ninth chapter explains the events that took place Before the Civil War, American literature started to employ native scenes; the Transcendentalists worked hard to popularize a philosophy that emphasized each person’s capabilities potentialities and praised nature as a creative force; and the most popular commercial culture also emerged, including the formalization of the penny press, the up come of the minstrel show, and the increased western adventure novel. This chapter has also examined the social and religious roots of the early 19th century reform movements, and the struggles and efforts of reformers in the educational areas, the criminal justice, and the treatment of the mentally ill problems; and the removal and women’s rights movements.
The same chapter also traces the growth and development of liberal and evangelical religion in the early 19th century America. During the War of 1812, the economy grew and expanded at rapid pace, as the nation aimed at overcoming the obstacles that stood in the way of sustained and maintaining the economic growth. Improved transportation movement and communication, the innovation of the technology, the rise recurrence of the factory system, and mass immigration and the type of movement transformed the United States into an industrial leader. In the early 19th century, educational reformers formed the nation’s first and strong systems of public education. In the beginning of the 1830s and 1840s, the United States gained vast and wide new territories in the Western part of the United States. This chapter describes the major Native Americans and Mexicans who tried to inhabit the region; the forces and influence that drove traders, the early missionaries, and the numerous pioneers westward; and the acquisition and formation of western lands by annexation, and the widened war.
Chapter ten critically evaluates stereotypes related to the Old South, analyzes and summaries of the impact of slavery on the southern economy, traces and fines the decline of antislavery sentiment in the South and North , and examines the efforts of Southern nationalists to promote the new industry and a distinctive southern and northern identity. In the 1850s, the political system started to be incapable of resolving the sectional disputes and problems between the North and South. This chapter goes deep to analyze the Compromise of the 1850, including the strong Fugitive Slave Law; the domination of the Whig Party and the formation of the Republican Party; the establishment of Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Tragedy of the Plains Indians. The chapter has also examined the election of 1860, the formation and progress of the secession crisis, the relative weaknesses and strengths of the Union and the Confederacy, the military formation and history of the war, as well as the economic, political and social changes that the war produced.
Here we learned about President Lincoln’s and President Johnson’s arrangement and plans to readmit the Confederate states to the Union; the more strong stringent Congressional plan; the struggle that existed between President Johnson and Congress, including the important impeachment vote; the Reconstruction and reformation era’s contributions for the civil rights; the reasons and the need for Reconstruction’s demise; and the emergence and up come of the sharecropping. This chapter also examines African American life in the North and South after Reconstruction. It analyzes and tells about the lynching, the convict lease system that was formed, segregation, disfranchisement, the judicial response and attitudes to Jim Crow, and responses to the proposal of Booker T. Washington’s policy of racial and tribal accommodation.
In the chronology of the chapter the construction of the transcontinental railroad; the movement and settlement of the Great Plains; the mining processes , cattle ranching, and the strong farming frontiers; the oil industry’s birth and establishment; and popular culture’s treatment and unity of the Western frontier. In this chapter also we find the greatest the impact of and responses to the industrialization among American workers and employees, including the attempt to form and reform the labor unions despite strong opposition from various industrialists and the courts. In the same chapter we learn about the new settlement and immigrants from eastern and southern Europe and the anti-immigrant reaction from the native.
In the present historical analogy, the changing nature and situation of the American city, the expansion of cities vertically and horizontally are faced by the problems caused by urban growth and development, the depiction and reformation of cities in art and literature, and the emergence and formation of new forms of urban entertainment. The 12th and 13th chapter traces the 72-year-long struggle and strains for women’s suffrage and the suffrage movement’s impact, as well as the campaign for the re-birth control. The 1880s and 1890s were years that portrayed unprecedented technological innovation, mass immigration and settlement, and intense political and social partisanship, including disputes over the currency, the tariffs, political corruption and deformation of patronage, and railroads and the kind of business trusts.
As it is seen in the 14th chapter, the past historical analogy examines the main reasons why the United States adopted a more aggressive and strong foreign policy at the end of the 19th century; the main causes, military importance and history, and impacts of the Spanish American War; and early 20th century U.S. involvement and rejoining in China, the Northern Caribbean, and the Latin America. The 1890s were turbulent years that saw labor violence and degradation, strong racial tensions, unrest among the American farmers, and discontent among the unemployed people. Particular attention is paid to the problems and challenges facing the nation’s farmers, farmers’ efforts to get organized, and the critical election of the year 1896.
This chapter goes deep to examine the sources of the progressive movement; progressivism at the municipal level, the state, and national the levels, and the major influence of progressive ideas on foreign policy. An overview of the far-reaching economic, political and social changes that transformed American society in the 20th century, including the innovations in science and advancing technology, economic productivity and progress, mass communication together with mass entertainment, health and the important living standards, the role of government of the U.S., sex and gender roles, and conceptions of the freedom.
In past historical analogy we learned about President Lincoln’s and President Johnson’s arrangement and plans to readmit the Confederate states to the Union; the stronger stringent Congressional plan; the struggle that existed between President Johnson and Congress, this even involved the important impeachment vote; the Reconstruction and reformation era’s contributions for the civil rights; the reasons and the need for Reconstruction’s demise; and the emergence and up come of the sharecropping. This, therefore, can be compared with present historical analogy whereby we the current President, Barrack Obama are trying to stabilize the right of gay people in the United States.
In 2010, President Barrack Obama stated his ambition of working with Congress “to finally repeal the existing law that denies gay Americans the right to serve and enjoy the country they love because of who they are. The House Military Personnel Subcommittee of the US, on March 2010, and the Senate Armed Services Committee, on February and March 18, 2010, has held various hearings on the issue. During the February SASC hearing that was held in New York, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates together with the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Sir Admiral Michael Mullen, called for allowing homosexuals to serve the nation openly and have ordered a review by Department of Defense (DOD) that is expected to go on through the year. On March 25, 2010, the Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates makes some announcement changes in the department’s enforcement of the 1993 law.
Under the changes, Secretary Gates said that only a general or flag officer should have the authority to separate someone who had already engaged in homosexual conduct, that information provided by a third party person must be given under oath, and that the information provided to certain individuals, lawyers, psychotherapists, clergy, and even domestic abuse counselors, for example, cannot be used in support of discharge of the proceedings. Language itself was included in the House version of the FY2011 National Defense Authorization Act that would fully allow for the repeal of the 1993 law, following some stipulations. The House passed this bill on May 2010, and was sent to the Senate. Language was also brought into the Senate version of this bill that would allow for repeal, following certain stipulations.
On 21st September, 2010, the Senate voted on a procedural measure to move forward. A cloture vote failed and the bill was therefore not brought to the floor. On 9th September, 2010, The Federal Judge Virginia Phillips ruled the 1993 law was not constitutional. After a month, Judge Phillips enjoined the Department of Defense According to press reports; an appeal by the Department of Justice appears likely. Such an appeal would abandon the Obama Administration in the position of defending a law it is attempt to repeal.
The book, the ‘The American Nation’, clearly states various reasons why the United States intervened in the existing strong conflict, how American industry was mobilized and strengthen for war, wartime propaganda and political repression and disintegration, and the social-political changes and unrest produced by the war in the U.S. The 1920s was a then a decade of major cultural conflicts as well as a period when several features of a modern consumer culture took root. This chapter we learn about the clashes over the alcohol, foreign immigration and settlement, and the type of race, and also about the growth and development of cities, the rise of a consumer culture and behaviors, and the revolution in morals and good manners.
The new chapter introductions conquers with the present historical analogy events of the that took place in the early time with contemporary issues, and gives a unique form for the text to show the relevance of history from the book to students' lives and daily activities. Updated and Revised scholarship throughout the book gives new perspectives while streamlining smoothening and sharpening the prose. For example, chapter 32 has been significantly revised to bring this edition up to date.
The political history of the United States is intimately tied with its social, political, economic and cultural development. The two authors: Mark Carnes and John Garraty explore this relationship and portrayed how it took the voices and actions of several peoples to produce this singular political structure renowned for its elegant narrative style, The American Nation in this 13th Edition retains its most significant strength-its rich and remarkable prose.
Using the nation’s political history as the framework on which social, economic, social, and cultural developments and advancement depend, the two authors Carnes and Garraty describe how the voices and actions of many peoples have tried to produce a particular political structure of the United States, a single nation and how this nation has in turn affected the lives of everyone. Long and well renowned for its elegant narrative style, The American Nation in this Twelfth Edition retains and maintains its most significant strength its rich and remarkable prose. It also gives a clear difference between the attitudes of the Americans to the fundamental bills of right.
In conclusion, we find that there are several events that took place before 1865, the events majorly focused on the improvement of the life of the citizens of the United States of America. As we have seen from the book ‘The American Nation’ there is various targets that the past presidents tried to reach together with the Congress, majorly to stabilize the right of every citizen. In the present historical analogy, President Barrack Obama is also struggling to ensure that gay marriages are not discriminated. He states his desire to work with the Congress in order to repeal the existing law that denies gay people the right to enjoy the country that they love.