Huawei and ZTE are two major Chinese telecommunication companies with an international brand. Identify who leads these companies, if they are state-owned or private, and where these companies are based.
Huawei is located in Shenzen, Guandong in China. It is one of the largest multinational networking and telecommunication equipment producers, and it is marketed all around the world. The company is identified as the "employee-owned" company, and the Chinese government is involved in the management. In another word, the company is owned by the employees; however, the workers do not have any information how the company is managed and led. Also, the employees are not informed about their shares' values in the enterprise. Therefore, they just receive their wages at the level of the labor market wages. The president of the Company, Rhen Zhengfei owns a large share in the company, and the Chinese government makes the important decisions for determining the business's goals.
ZTE is another large Chinese telecommunication equipment producer company based in the Shenzen, Guandong in China. The company has three primary business units as follows: 1-Carrier networks, 2- Terminals, and 3- Telecommunication equipment. The company sells its products under the name of OEM. The company is owned by the Chinese governments and managed by the private sector. The company has started selling its products in the local markets, and, by getting the support from the Chinese Government, the company began exporting its products to the other countries. The company has several international subsidiaries. The company has been involved and sued because of bribing and some other illegal activities in the other countries.
Identify three ethnic groups in the People’s Republic of China and briefly describe who they are, where they live, and what their relationship with the Han Chinese is. Only one of your choices can be Tibetan or Uyghur.
There are 55 minorities recognized by the Chinese government are living in China, and the treatment of the minorities in China is not friendly. Many international social institutions claim torture and other bad treatments against the minorities in China. I will give information about three minorities in China: Uyghurs, Mongols, and Huis. These three groups have religious ideologies incompatible with the Han ideology which is the mainstream of the majority in China.
The Uyghurs are Sunni Muslims and they speak Uyghur language. Most of the Uyghur people live in the Xingjiang Autonomous Region. This region has a lot of natural resources. The Uyghur Turks continue their Turkish traditions, and they are discriminated by the Han Chinese Ideology. The discrimination is based on the cultural differences. The education level of the Uyghur Turks is below the national average. There is an elite group in the region, and the resources are managed by the elite group. The Han Chinese management has strong relations with the elite people in the area (Tang and He 8).
The Huis are Sufi Muslims, and they do not have a precise location they live in China. The Huis have different places in China such as Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, and in some neighborhoods of Beijing. Their culture stems from Arab and Persian cultures as the universal Sufism stems from. Their religion and culture are differentiated from the Chinese culture. The Huis' education level comparatively better than the other minorities. The Han Chinese management implements bad treatments to this group, and, in near past, the Huis struck many times. It is not possible to claim that the Huis are from a particular national background (Tang and He 14).
The Mongols are the eight largest minority in China. Some Mongolian live in the north Xiangjiang Autonomous Region while the most Mongolians live in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In the 1920s, a part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region declared independence from China; however, some Mongolians preferred staying in the Chinese management. The Mongolians are mainly influenced by the Russian culture, and they use Cyril alphabet. The Inner Mongolia has some nationalist fighting against the Han Chinese management, and the Han administration made an agreement with the Mongolian Nationalists in 1930s. The Mongolians are comparatively in a better situation. The ethnic tension is still high in the region (Tang and He 12).
What is a hukou and how does it impact Chinese society and economic life?
The Hukou system is a population information record system in China and Taiwan. All the personal information of the people is registered in this system. However, this is not a basic recording system. Many of the minorities are labeled in this system ethnically and religiously. Considering that this system carries the information about the citizens to the Chinese Government, and the official works are completed through this system, the Houku system sounds like a caste system in China. The Han Chinese management implements some particular policies through the Hukou system in China (Nancy 1).
Works Cited
Joseph, Nancy. "Despite China's Modernization, The Hukou System Remains." College of Arts and Sciences - University of Washington. 1-76, 2015. Web. 11 Feb. 2016.
Tang, Wenfang, and Gaochao He. "Separate But Loyal: Ethnicity And Nationalism In China." Hawaii University. 1-2, 2016. Web. 11 Feb. 2016.
