Question 1
The mobilization of the labor and energy resources for constructing monumental architectural structures was usually done by powerful society members who had the capability of recruiting as well as managing the labor and energy needed for the building of monumental landmarks. Sometimes it was done through force. Usually, the monumental landmarks conveyed messages of power of rulers as well as their strength.
The Historical Great Wall of China, a monumental structure was symbol of wealth, power and prestige of the Chinese empire of the 7th century. Apart from being an iconic symbol of the Chinese empire, the Great Wall of China protected the interests of this empire by keeping it safe from outside attacks.
Egalitarian societies like tribe’s bands and states do not invest in monumental architecture for several reasons. The main one is that it is virtually impossible for such societies to mobilize energy and labor to construct the monumental architecture.
Question 2
After carefully reading the information given in chapter 8 of the text book and that in the article “Marketers pursue the shallow pocketed”, my general conclusion is that the information under discussion in the article is a clear example of colonialism. The text book states that colonialism tended to take away from the society not only its freedom and wealth, but also its basic character. This inadvertently left the local people morally and intellectually disoriented. This resonates with the article which seems to show that marketing goods and services to the poor has become a very hot and lucrative business or subject.
One positive attribute of direct marketing of the poor has on the people and their present economy is that people are granted a platform in which they can buy the items they require at relatively low prices. The other positive attribute of direct marketing it improves the economy since there is more spending of money.
An example of a negative attribute of direct marketing is that products are usually supplied in excess and most of them are of low quality. The other negative attribute is that direct marketing encourages the poor to purchase excessively and unnecessarily.
References
Nowak, B., & Laird, P., (2010), Cultural Anthropology- 8.2: Modern States: Industrialization and the Global World: Economy. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/books/AUANT101.10.2/sections/sec8.2
Richardson, A. E. (2000). Monumental Classic Architecture. New York: Norton.
