Demographic trends all over the world have a big impact on the development of the world. These trends are responsible for various changes in different countries and economic industries. Demographic trends are characteristics of the world or a country’s population that manifest themselves when determining issues such as industrialization and employment.
The increase in the number of the working age population, in many countries in the world, makes this demographic trend globally important. People aged 15 to 64 have been increasing over time. This trend is common in developing countries where the fertility rate is high. However, this trend is on the decline in developed nations. The HIV AIDS pandemic threatens this demographic trend. With the working age population size in Europe and USA declining gradually, these economies will have to get immigrants from developing nations to meet their labor demands. The increase in the working population will lead to high levels of unemployment in the developing nations and increased immigration to developed countries. This trend will flood the aviation industry as many people will be trained to work in the industry than the industry can absorb hence; there will be unemployment.
The demographic trend in developed countries is also important because it has worldwide reaching impacts. In developed nations in Europe and USA, there are increasingly low birth rates, high life expectancy and a low ratio between retired citizens and workers. This trend will force the developed economies to look for immigrants to meet their labor demands. This is attributed to the declining number of the working age population. This trend affects the aviation industry in a manner that due to shortage of labor in the country; immigrants will be brought in to take the aviation industry jobs.
Population trends in developing countries are characterized by high unemployment, high fertility rates and low mortality due to improved medical facilities. The developing world is rapidly increasing, for instance, Mexico has a huge population yet its economy can only support a few of that number. This trend is important because it helps provide labor to developed nations where there is less labor supply. This trend affects the aviation industry positively because there are more people travelling looking for jobs and there is also sufficient labor supply to fill the aviation industry vacancies.
Gender diversity is another important gender demographic trend affecting the labor market. The number of women joining the labor force is on the rise. However, women’s participation in top management is still low but is gradually increasing. Equality at work places is quickly becoming a common thing. This trend affects the aviation industry positively because gender equality in terms of employees and management is said to increase efficiency.
Worker migration is an important demographic trend because of its mutual benefits. As immigrants leave their national economies for pastures green, they create a positive effect for the place they go and the place they leave. Those leaving a developing economy go to developed nations and get employed. This benefits the developed and the developing country. The effect is the same when a skilled individual leaves a developed nation to a developing nation in search of working opportunities. This trend is good for the aviation industry because the industry will spread to the developing nations where it would not thrive if the skilled people did not move there. Worker migration is the basis of occupational diversity.
Employer migration is another important trend that benefits people all over the globe. Mostly, employers –multinational enterprises- move from the developed nations to developing nations by setting up subsidiary investments in the developing country. The world is becoming a liberal market hence; employers try to meet the demand for jobs in developing markets by setting up investments there. This trend helps employers cut down on costs on exports as well as reducing costs of labor. This trend affects the aviation industry in two ways. In the developing nation, it creates employment and has economic gains such as development of new markets. In the developed nation, it causes job losses and reduces economic gains in terms taxes.
Therefore, demographic trends are important because they shape the global economy and shift the labor demands in different economies. Trends such as increasing world population, gender diversity, worker and employer migration and the economic trends in developing and developed nations are important in the achievement of globalization. Industries such as the aviation industry gain through the availability of labor and economic gains to the economy.
Works Cited
Barak, Michalle Mor. Managing Diversity Toward a Globally Inclusive Workplace. New York: SAGE, 2011.
Keyfitz, Nathan and Wilhelm Flieger. World Population Growth and Aging: Demographic Trends in the Late Twentieth Century. 2, illustrated. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.
