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Generally sexism refers to preference and discriminatory attitudes towards the male and female sex. However, the term gathered its importance from the biased views of girls and women and the superiority of one gender over the other. There are two important views regarding sexism, mainly individual sexism and institutional sexism. (Tierney, 2002). Individual sexism is stereotypical about the role of women and the different jobs and occupations they can have in society. It is more importantly associated with the personality of the sexes and their attitude towards life and how they deal with various matters. For instance, men are thought to be more rational, assertive, steady-minded and unemotional as compared to women who are more sentimental, emotional and give more weight to their feelings rather than looking at facts and logic. The sexist attitude here lies in considering certain occupations and roles being appropriate only for males whereas certain roles can only be taken up by females, such as becoming a police officer, the president of a country, an attorney, a doctor or a physician. Females are thought to take up roles like a kindergarten teacher, a librarian, typist or a nurse. (Brandt, 2011).
Institutional sexism happens on the institutional level where manipulation and discrimination between sexes are done to benefit one sex over the other. It is seen at times where women are given the backseat in jobs, and the rate of women getting the same job as men, with the same qualification is quite low. Also, there is a set quote for women getting admission in universities, facing difficulty getting into a postgraduate program. Upon getting employed in factories or offices, they are given jobs that are presumably suited for women. There is a discrepancy in financial aid and age limit they are permitted for work. Hence this segregation and discrimination is institutional segregation. It is the application of sexism at a larger level. (O’Neil, 2012).
References
Brandt, Mark J. (2011). Sexism and Gender Inequality across 57 societies. Psychological Science. Retrieved from
http://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/10/19/0956797611420445.abstract
O’Neil, James M. (2012). Patterns of Gender Role Conflict and Strain: Sexism and Fear of femininity in Men’s Lives. Journal of Counseling and Development. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/j.2164- 4918.1981.tb00282.x/abstract;jsessionid=BCF01EB145A8C7C06ADAE5182FF370BA.f 03t01
Tierney, Helen. (2002). Sexism. In Women’s Encyclopedia. Greenwood Press. Retrieved from http://gem.greenwood.com/wse/wsePrint.jsp?id=id597
