Answer # 02
The managers play a significant and dynamic role in the function of emergency management in order to encourage the sustainable recovery, but it also requires the adoption of the effective roles in order to ensure the sustainable recovery in a strategic manner. The emergency managers are required for the effective execution of the emergency plan and overlook the emergency functions so that the strategies planned to recover from the emergency situations can be implemented. The prevalence of disaster makes the emergency management teams to engage in the activities that are not part of their function, however, managers are required to ensure that management teams are focused on their assigned tasks (Haddow et al., 2013).
The managers are also required to emphasis towards the emergency response till the recovery objectives are met. It is significantly difficult to analyze the extent of recovery during the emergency, but the on-going assessment of the recovery can enlighten the manager with extent to which the recovery have been made from the disaster. In this manner, on-going coordination with the local management teams is necessary to ensure the effective execution of the emergency plans and overlook the prevalence of recovery. The hindrances in the coordination reduces the extent of recovery because the management teams cannot assess the extent of recovery required in a specific aspect (Haddow et al., 2013).
In this instance, an example from the state emergency plan is considered, where the citizens were highly effected by the flood and the emergency plan required the extraction and support for citizens and evacuating the residential areas from the downstream water flow. The lack of coordination resulted in the hindrance, in which the people from specific regions were not provided with the medical care support because the medical department misunderstood those regions for being evacuated earlier (Haddow et al., 2013).
Answer # 03
The prevalence of disasters effects the citizens of a specific region and the extremeness of disasters causes the physical damage, in which the infrastructure damages and makes a large number of people homeless. The damage that occurs in the infrastructure often imposes life threatening situation for the general public due to which a high extent of mortality rate takes place. The prevalence of disasters requires the effective recovery mechanism which is dependent of the budget that is allocated to incorporate the recovery mechanism. In this manner, the financial burden on the government and funding agencies increases, however, the turmoil caused by the disaster increases the cost of living in that specific region due to the lack of economic activities by means of business and employment opportunities (Rubin, 2012).
The environmental concerns also take place because disasters result in the misbalance that occurs in the hygiene factors due to which the individuals become more prone towards the healthcare issues. The lack of resource availability hinders the extent of access to the public healthcare services due to the focus of government and local agencies towards the disaster. The disasters that comprise of chemical leakage or floods results in the occurrence of the life threatening situations for the general public (Rubin, 2012).
The general public that encounters with the disasters faces the traumatized situation and the post-traumatic stress disorder is common in the society. The psychological instability hinders the decision making, positive attitude and motivation level of the individuals due to which the wellbeing of such individuals become highly threatened in the long-term, which eventually effects the social life of the individuals. However, these factors also provide the individuals with the opportunity to acquire the benefits from the recent economic and infrastructure developments, and helps in the development of a new and competitive society (Rubin, 2012).
References
Haddow, G., Bullock, J., & Coppola, D. P. (2013). Introduction to emergency management. Butterworth-Heinemann.
Rubin, C. B. (Ed.). (2012). Emergency Management: The American Experience 1900-2010. CRC Press.
