Fierce Oppression of Youth against Grownups in the National Crime Abuse Study
The research question in this article is a comprehension of youth victimization characterization and explicit comparisons between the adults and youth victimization from secondary data sources. National crime victimization survey was used to rate the comparison of violent youth victimization aged between 12 and 17 and adults. 1994 data analysis showed that teens were substantially prone to be violent crime victims than adults, and they are usually afflicted due to crime-related injury. There were big differences between adults and children present in blacks and whites, males and females and people from different regions. Some of this survey results in underestimation of the youth victimization disproportionate (Hashima & Finkelhor. 1999).
Measuring Risk and Protective Factors for Use, Delinquency, and Other Adolescent Problem Behaviors
The research question in this article concerns youth’s adolescent problem characters and risk and protection factors to control these youth problems. Secondary data sources were used during this research work. It describes the improvement, validity, and reliability of personal-report review methods for children aged 11 to 18 that determines any source of danger and protection parameters across numerous biological fields and problematic adolescent issues (Artur et al. 2002).
Generation valuation of poly-victimization in a national model of youth
The study is grounded in the analysis of victimization analysis among youths who have substantial victimization levels during their lifetime termed as poly-victims. The questions try to distinguish such youths to different non-victims and sufferers accessing the cumulative victimization contribution to emotional suffering levels. It selects youths aged between 12 and 17 years old views from secondary data sources concerning the understanding of 33 types of victimization experiences (Finkelhor et al. 2009).
Mental Disorders Among Adolescents in Juvenile Detention and Correctional Facilities: A Systematic Review and Metaregression Analysis of 25 Surveys
This study focused on the performing and evaluating a Meta-assessment of literature research mental problems of youths in young age including correction measures systematically.
This study was based on youth interviews which were identified through computer-assisted analyses, reference list scanning, and use of hands in journal searching. The potential moderating study and the different mental problem prevalence were obtained from publications. The identification differences in prevalence disorder source were through Meta-regression statistical analysis across the survey (Fazel & Langstrom. 2008).
The Association Between Acculturation and Problem Conduct Proneness in a Hispanic Youth Model: A Longitudinal Arbitration Model
This article applied secondary information to analyses and examine the association amid problem behavior and acculturation in 330 children in the United States. From the examination, acculturation had indirect but positive correlation with problem behavior proneness via parental engagement and self-confidence (Dinh et al. 2002).
All the five considered the same age brackets of youths even though each article has a different question to answer. It is evident that the researchers for all the five articles researched from many secondary data sources. This used many data waves making their work longitudinal.
Highly victimized youths can be identified through lifetime victimization analysis. Through the use of secondary data sources, criminal experts and practitioners can assess and analyze youth groups called poly-victims who may be highly burdened with victimization. Child identification is merited youths possess a high degree of psychological suffering of which a few have solemn victimization profiles. They may be assumed susceptibility for more oppression.
Secondary data sources in within criminal justice research has the following limitations;
The data obtained only applies to participating individuals in that program if someone uses agent records. This is because agency records do not have data of people who are not participants.
One does not have data of individuals involved in a specific program which is analyzed if he is using published data and reports collected from secondary sources.
It is hard for one to get precise information about youth’s geographic region unless the data was collected in that specific region.
Secondary data and information do not allow someone to determine the effects of a program on its actual partakers.
Secondary data sources have the following advantages;
They can provide data about event, prevalence, and rate of individual program
It helps in section and definition of the targeted population
Helps in setting and defining aims of new programs
Aids in new program planning and improving
References
Arthur, M. W., Hawkins, J. D., Pollard, J. A., Catalano, R. F., & Baglioni, A. J. J. (2002). Measuring risk and protective factors for use, delinquency, and other adolescent problem behaviors the communities that care youth survey. Evaluation Review, 26(6), 575-601.
Dinh, K. T., Roosa, M. W., Tein, J. Y., & Lopez, V. A. (2002). The relationship between acculturation and problem behavior proneness in a Hispanic youth sample: A longitudinal mediation model. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30(3), 295-309.
Fazel, S., Doll, H., & Långström, N. (2008). Mental disorders among adolescents in juvenile detention and correctional facilities: a systematic review and metaregression analysis of 25 surveys. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 47(9), 1010-1019.
Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R. K., & Turner, H. A. (2009). Lifetime assessment of poly-victimization in a national sample of children and youth. Child abuse & neglect, 33(7), 403-411.
Hashima, P. Y., & Finkelhor, D. (1999). Violent victimization of youth versus adults in the National Crime Victimization Survey. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14(8), 799-820.
