- Definition of Public Policy
It is defined as a set of rules that govern the way the government performs its duties to the society. Public policy is also defined as a guideline on how the government should perform its duties to the society with an aim of increasing efficiency and quality
- Policy Analysis Theory
This is a theory of public policy that is imperative in laying down rules and regulation determining how the government dispenses its duties. It is a theory that assumes the possibility of a government abusing its mandate of providing services to the citizens. The main goal of this theory is to ensure there is efficiency within government institutions. It is a theory that seeks to increase performance, transparency and accountability within public institutions. This theory is applied within these institutions to ensure accountability and quality of services. Countries without public policies are marred with increased corruption and embezzlement of funds. Policy analysis theory also observes the role played by the constitution of a given country. Therefore, public policy should be drawn from a country’s constitution. That means that public policies differ from one country to another.
- Social and Economic Influences
This affects the way the ministry of finance may change certain policies to address the economic turmoil. For instance, the central bank may lower interest rates depending on the situation in the market. This is a deliberate move aimed at maintaining the stability of a given country. This therefore means that public policies are dynamic and can change at a given time to address the current needs of the society. It is also imperative to note that society needs are dynamic hence prompting the government to keep on reviewing its public policies.
Social Phenomena
Certain social phenomenon may affect the way public policies change. As the society develops, values, beliefs and norms change. For instance, most governments in the world are grappling with issues of whether to legalize abortion. Most countries are also contending with issues of gay marriages and protection of such people’s rights. These issues seem to affect the values of the society by changing their earlier held beliefs. Increased pressure to address these issues prompts the government to change its policies to allow for change.
Insecurity
Many countries are grappling with issues of increased insecurity as a result of terrorism attacks. Almost every country is in need of the change of policies that guide security issues in order to overcome this problem. For instance, some countries give stiff penalties for those found with possession of weapons. While most governments seem to protect the rights of people by condemning capital punishment, increased insecurity has forced them to change their stands. Hardcore criminals and terrorists are targeted and even put in maximum security prisons.
- Central Questions Addressed in Public Policies
There are a number of questions that are addressed through public policies. The major question is whether the government increases efficiency and quality in its delivery of services. For instance, the theory of public policy analysis seeks to ensure efficiency in delivery of services. This is the reason why there would be policies which support increased technology in government institutions. Secondly, public policy seeks to address the question of whether the government is increasing value to the society. Public policy aims at ensuring that the society improves through services offered by the government.
Works Cited
Audretsch, David and McDouga Gilbert. The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Policy, Small Business Economics 22. 2004.
