In reference to the case study, fibroadenomas is the term used in describing the benign condition that could have caused in patient’s breast mass. Essentially, fibroadenomas refers to a benign tumor that is made of the connective as well as the glandular tissue of the breast (Sala et al., 2015). As such, the condition is characterized by solid breast masses that are mainly round, painless and non-tender. Fibroademas usually occur in varying size whereby some are small while other are about eight centimeters in diameter.
Fibrocystic breast disease is among the most common breast conditions that affects a considerable number of women. Among the key symptoms associated with this condition include; cysts, lumpiness, pain, fibrosis, tenderness and thickened areas. Typically, the cysts usually contain sacs that are filled with fluids (Brkic et al., 2016). These cystic sacs usually grow bigger especially when a woman is the end of her menstrual since more fluids are retrained in the body during this period. As such, the condition is usually associated with hormonal changes that occur especially during the menstrual period.
The presence of a lesion suggests a huge possibility of benign breast cancer. The most common type of breast cancer is the Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC). This type of breast cancer accounts for over 80% of all breast cancer cases and usually occurs as a result of invasion of the breast tissues by cancer cells in the lobules. Although the disease may not present any symptoms during the initial stages, progression of the disease causes various symptoms that include; presence of lumps, swellings and redness in the breasts. In addition, individuals with the disease may have nipple pain, dimpling especially in the nipple and nipple discharge.
Invasive carcinoma is a widespread form of cancer whereby a significant number of diagnosed cases of breast cancer usually appear to be invasive carcinoma. As such, this form of breast cancer usually begins in the cells of the milk lobules and occurs in two different types that include DCIS (Ductal carcinoma in situ) as well as IDC (Invasive Ductal Carcinoma). In regard to this, the aforementioned types i.e. DCIS and IDC usually have varying characteristics. Ductal Carcinoma in Situ occurs in the lobule and in noninvasive whereby this implies that there is no invasion of the tissues of the breast by the cancerous cells that appear in the lobules, thus DCIS occurs only in the lobules (Jacobs & Finlayson, 2011). On the other hand, Invasive Ductal Carcinoma is characterized by the invasion of the tissues of the breast particularly those outside the lobules by the cancerous cells in the lobules. Additionally, DCIS is usually contained in the ducts while IDC spreads through the walls of the ducts and affects the tissues that surround the breast and in some instances it may spread to other body cells (Cowell et al., 2013).
Although, both Metastatic Lung Cancer) and Primary Lung Cancer) appear in the lungs, these two forms of cancer have vary greatly from each other. With regard to this, the primary site of Metastatic Lung Cancer is the breasts, thus this form of cancer usually begins in the cells of the breasts while the Primary site of Lung Cancer is the primarily the lungs (Jacobs & Finlayson, 2011). Moreover, these forms of cancer require different treatments whereby the treatment options for Metastatic breast cancer are similar to those of breast cancer instead of lung cancer treatments. As such, thus emphasizes the need for healthcare professionals to effectively understand the key differences between the aforementioned forms of cancer so as to offer the relevant treatments. Overall, healthcare professionals should evaluate the primary site of any form of cancer so as to provide the appropriate treatments.
References
Brkic, M., Vujovic, S., Ivanisevic, M. F., Ivovic, M., Gajic, M. T., Marina, L., & Franic, D. (2016). The Influence of Progesterone Gel Therapy in the Treatment of Fibrocystic Breast Disease. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(05), 334.
Cowell, C. F., Weigelt, B., Sakr, R. A., Ng, C. K., Hicks, J., King, T. A., & Reis-Filho, J. S. (2013). Progression from ductal carcinoma in situ to invasive breast cancer: revisited. Molecular oncology, 7(5), 859-869.
Jacobs, L., & Finlayson, C. A. (2011). Breast cancer. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Saunders.
Sala, M. A., Dhillon, R., Brookes, D., Lagrange, C., Metcalf, C., & Wylie, E. (2015). Indications for diagnostic open biopsy of mammographic screen-detected lesions preoperatively diagnosed as fibroadenomas by needle biopsy and their outcomes. Clinical radiology, 70(5), 507-514.
