Chapter 6 Review
1- Define Biaxial Weaving?
Biaxial Weaving is when the fiber tows that are brought together from two different sources on the loom. When the warp tows, they are unwound from the rack.2- Define Straight Grain and describe what can happen if the grain is not straight?
A quality woven fabric is a straight grain. If the yarns do not interlace at 90 degrees, it will result is the bowing or skewing of the fabrics. The fabrics that are bowed, tend to sag and the fabrics that are skewed, tend to produce a lopsided or crooked appearance. 3- What is meant by balanced construction?
True bias is the grain that runs through the fabric at a 45 degree angle from the selvedge. It has the most stretch of any grain.5- Define the following terms related to weaving:Parts of a loom:
Loom Beam (or Yarn Beam) – Hold the supply of warp yarnsHeddles – thin metal, nylon, or string strips with eye-like openingsHarnesses – hold the heddles and move up and down, shifting the position of selected warp yarns.Reed – a comb-like device with openingsDents – the openings inside of the reed that help to keep the warp yarns aligned and ensure grain straightness.Beater or Lay – moved forward and backward to push each new filling yard into position on the cloth.Bobbin or Quill – the filling yarn is wound on itShuttle – canoe-shaped that carries the quillCloth Beam – holds the woven fabricProcess of Weaving:Shedding – Some harnesses are raised, lifting the warp yarns threaded through heddles held by these harnesses, and some harnesses are lowered, lowering the remaining warp yarns.Picking – One or more filling yarns are propelled or carried through the shed.Battening – The reed moves forward, pushing the inserted filling yarn and aligning it parallel to the other filling yarns.Taking up and Letting Off – The woven fabric is taken up on the cloth beam, and more warp yarn length is let off from the yarn beam.Slashing – The process that involves layering up the fabrics, stitching usually in parallel channels and then cutting through to the base layer.6- Explain the use of pattern drafts in weaving?
The plain weave is also known as the tabby or homespan weave. It is the interlacing pattern is 1 x 1 where one warp yarn and one filling yarn alternately pass over one another. There are three different types of plain weave. The basket weave is when two or more warp yarns, side by side, interlace with one or more filling yarns. The warp-rib weave creates a rib effect lengthwise in the fabric because there are more yarns in the warp direction or by incorporating larger yarns in the lengthwise direction. The filing-rib weave is 1 x 1 interlacing, but they are distinguished by crosswise three-dimensional ribs or ridges. The ribs are produced by using a higher number of filling yarns than warp yarns per inch by incorporating larger yarns in the crosswire direction 7- Describe how a plain weave is constructed, including its notation?
A plain weave is the simplest of the weaves, requiring only two harnesses to be produced. 8- What is the name for a plain weave variation in which two warp yarns side by side pass over one or two weft yarns? List three types of fabrics that are included in this variation?
The name for a plain weave variation in which two warp yarns side by side pass over one or two weft yarns are a basket weave. Three type of fabrics that are included in a basket weave are monkscloth, upholstery, and baskets.9- There are two types of rib weaves, describe each and list rib weave fabrics?
The two main types of rib weaves are dimity and ribcord. Dimity is a warp-rid woven fabric often used in drapery sheers. Ribcord is a warp-rid weave commonly used in window shades and bedding products.10- Describe twill and one of the twill variations? Twill is a textile weave that is usually in a pattern of diagonal parallel ribs. One variation of the twill is the warp- way. The warp is the 3/1 way twill.
