Ethical dilemma occurs in a situation where one is confused on how to react to a situation and make an informed decision based on what is morally right. Sometimes it can be multifaceted, unforeseen or unpredictable. Nurses are faced with an ethical dilemma on daily basis regardless of the department that one works. Some of the major characteristics of an ethical dilemma include respect for persons, autonomy, justice and beneficence. An ethical dilemma arises from trying to uphold the principles of ethics while at the same time doing what is right. It is about choosing between preferences, needs or expectations but it concerns difficulty in choosing what is morally right among several alternatives (Doherty & Purtilo, 2015).
One of the key feature of ethical dilemma is autonomy. Ethically patients should have the right to make their decisions without compulsion or coercion. However, sometimes patients may decide to make decisions which may pose a danger to their lives. For example, a patient may refuse treatment, medication or an essential procedure (Doherty & Purtilo, 2015). In such a situation one will be confused whether to force the patient or respect his decision. Also, autonomy can be violated in situations where one wants to maintain order and integrity, protect third parties or prevent suicide.
Individuals have a right to confidentiality and privacy but at times, they can be violated especially when there is an outbreak of a contagious disease, violent crimes, gunshot wounds and child abuse. Sometimes while trying to implement the principle of beneficence may violate the principle non-maleficence (Doherty & Purtilo, 2015). For example, a patient a nurse has to inject a patient which may cause pain and discomfort but at the end, the patient will benefit from the treatment. Ensuring justice and fairness is also a concern because different people have different value systems, what is fair to one person may be unfair to another.
References
Doherty, R. F., & Purtilo, R. B. (2015). Ethical Dimensions in the Health Professions. Saint Louis, MO: Elsevier Health Sciences.
