Corse
Institutions
Law enforcement is very important in every nation. The members of society in the world act in an organized way in order to promote adherence to law and justice. The law enforcement in Japan, United States and China encompass courts, police, and prisons. It is worth noting that law enforcement in many nations is crucial since it focuses on issues of punishment and prevention of crime. As a matter of fact, law enforcement organization has existed for many decades and its main function is to discourage non-criminal violation of norms and rules, which is achieved by imposition of punishments. The central values of Japan, USA, and China have influenced the development of their respective law enforcement. In most cases, there are two systems of police organization, these are the centralized and decentralized and each of the organization has its advantages and disadvantages.
The central values of USA, Japan and China have played a crucial role in the development of law enforcement. It is worth noting that values in the three nations differ since each of the nations defines moral and ethical values differently. In the China, it is always believed that the family is very important and all values regarding security and law enforcement should be streamlined to focus on family (Hess, Orthmann, & Cho, 2012). A society that focuses on values of the people is in a better position to implement and develop law enforcement organization. In the three nations it is the values that the society believed in that has shaped the development of law enforcement.
Law enforcement in China entails an extensive enforcement procedures and public security. It is the values within the Chinese society that drives the development of law enforcement. It is worth noting that China is more rooted to its values, a factor that has always helped in development of law enforcement. In United States, the development of law enforcement depends on the values that make up the three components of criminal justice system. In Japan, law enforcements depend tremendously on the values within the Prefectural Police since they are the main body. The development of law enforcement therefore takes roots within the values of the police.
There are various advantages of having a centralized or decentralized police organization. In the three nations the issue of centralized or decentralized police organization is the nations. One of the main advantage of centralized police organization is the fact that decision making is very efficient. This means that the goals and objectives of police organization is achieved. The centralized police organizations are very rigid since it follows the hierarchy of leadership (Hess, Orthmann, & Cho, 2012). On the other hand, the disadvantages of centralized police organization include community disengagement, local control, issues of accountability, as well as exploitation. The police force in a centralized organization is much disengaged to the community. Hence, the law enforcing agents lack solidarity among members and other responsible stakeholders.
The decentralized police organization in the nations has various advantages and disadvantages. In the entire world, United States seems to be having the most decentralized police organization in the world. In addition, Japan also enjoys the advantages of having a decentralized police organization. The issue of decentralized police organization is become very popular since there is an increase on decentralization (Hess, Orthmann, & Cho, 2012). The decentralization in police organizations encourages division of labor among all the responsible stakeholders. Decentralization of police organizations maintains the closeness between the police and the community. The decentralized police organization is also flexible, facilitates effective law enforcement, as well as high level of decision.
Based on the analysis of the three nations United States seems to be most effective in fight against crime. United States has a very strong decentralized police education, which has made the entire process of law enforcement very flexible. In addition, the crime rate in United States was in the past increasing but due to stable decentralized police organization, crime has been controlled.
Reference
Hess, K. M., Orthmann, C. M. H., & Cho, H. L. (2012). Introduction to law enforcement and criminal justice. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar/Cengage Learning.
