- Normal issues and Organ at Risk Due to Irradiation
The radiation effects in human are due to the deposition of energy in the human body. Not all the tissues are exposed to the radiation effect. Only few of the tissues are exposed to the radiation effect. The radiation therapy is used for the medical treatment. A high dose of radiation will result in damage of sensitive tissue, even, it may result in death. A high dose of radiation results in the death of cells. All the cells are not equal to the radiation sensitivity. Only the sensitive cells are exposed to the radiation effects. The cells with a high DNA content are exposed to the more radiation. The accident in this case is due to the damage in skin, epithelium, larynx, and bone are most sensitive to the radiation. The skin, epithelium, larynx, and bone are more sensitive to the radiation effect. The human blood vessels are medium radiation sensitivity. The human blood vessels are low radiation sensitive. Both bone and brain are less radiation sensitive. The patients are affected by the pathological changes. The pathological changes identified in the irradiation not only depend on the physical parameters but also depends on the organ components. The parenchymal cells and the organs are radiosensitive. The Parenchymal cells of the patients are affected. The loss of the parenchymal cells is the initial critical factors. The irradiated organs like parenchymal cells are the controlling factors, which are more sensitive. The damage of parenchymal cell will result in death. The parenchymal cells are the critical factors needs to be analyzed. The damage of parenchymal cells will results in the serious problems. The tissue damage will results in serious problems. The problems will lead to the death of the patients; it is difficult to retreat the patients when exposed to overdose.
- Estimated Dose and Tolerated Dose
The overdose will always results in the problem. Especially, the overdose of radiation will frequently results in death. There are two biological effects observed in the irradiated persons, which results in the large amount of cell killing and mutation effects. The overdose will results in a serious of cell killing and mutation effects. Effects of mutation have a probability of occurrence increases with the dose. Cancer is caused by the small amount of radiations, and this radiation is due to the high dose effects. These are due to the deterministic effect. The deterministic effects are due to the high amount of absorbed radiations. These effects are seen in the largely absorbed doses of radiation and are mainly the consequences of radiation induced in the cellular death. These effects occur in the large proportion of cells, and irradiated tissues are killed by the radiation. The overdose will always results in the serious problems, like cell killing, and mutations. The loss cannot be compensated; increases in the cellular proliferation. The damage is sufficiently extensive by the secondary phenomenon. The doses produce the deterministic changes in a large amount (Up to 1-2 Gy). Some of the doses occur in small proportions among the patients. The relation between the deterministic effect and the absorbed dose has a general form. This dose has no effects while diagnosed. The medical care should be careful while treating the patients in the radiotherapy. The dose level should be monitored properly the overdose will always create the serious problems. The overdose will results in the killing of human cells.
- Early and Later Effects
The acute radiation is the damage of the most prominent tissues, which was rapidly proliferating. The cells such as epithelial found in the surface of skins. The symptoms are developed when the functional cells are lost. Ncimal tissue turnover is not replaced of the stem cell component. The ionization events radicals are produced by the radiation, which was due to the damage in the vital cellular components. The DNA damage will certainly lead to the death cells. The cell death will occur apoptosis, this kind of death is rapid. The systems will results in the cell damage.
The late effects can be judged after the months of years. This can be judged after the month of years of the treatment. The effect of late effects may be mild forever. Some studies shoes that this effect will occur in the 20-34 years of therapy. Late effects tend to occur in the slow tumor of the cell. The late effects are developed by the compensation process, which was not yet well understood.. The late effects will sometimes result in death. The irradiation of the tissues results in the rapid molecular response. The late effects are increasingly being absorbed because of the introduction of the aggressive treatment regimen. The late effects always results in the cell damage. A patient should be treated carefully to avoid a high dose. A high dose will results in cancer.
Works Cited
1. Investigation of an Accident to the exposure of the radiotherapy. (2014). 14 Mar, 2014, from http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1114_scr.pdf
2. Hall and Giaccia. (2013). Radiobiology for the Radiologist. 7th edition
3. Radiotheraphy. (2013). 14 Mar, 2014, from http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/11/1/299
