Functionalism
Functionalism is described as the system of highly related parts that work together harmoniously. The proponents of this theory purport that society is composed of various parts, each with a particular functionality that contributes to the whole. As such, it is stable and self-regulating like a biological organism. Nevertheless, this theory is broad and cannot account for each aspect of change and its complicated relationship to elements of the whole.
Conflict Theory
It is rooted in Marxism and proposes that each entity struggles to attain maximum benefit, and as a result, it causes society to change in response to social inequality and conflict. Conflict theorists exhibit that social change is an aspect of conflict and social order is exercised by the powerful individuals that ensure subordination and loyalty to dominant systems of wealth, power, and prestige. These individuals use their power to control the rest of the society and insubordination or rebellion results in social change.
The Interactionist Perspective
It focuses on how people interpret the social world of which they are a part. Therefore, it is concerned with human behavior on a personal level and their systems, for example, the family unit, education, political, and societal institutions. Symbolic interactionism, developed by George Herbert, is concerned with the meanings placed by people on their behaviors and react considerably based on their interpretation of the context (Theoretical perspectives).
Contemporary Sociology
It builds on the ideas of functionalism, conflict theory and interactionism and portrays an all-inclusive theory. Nevertheless, a minor part of this theory can be identified with pure functionalism for the reason that it cannot be used as a middle range theory to explain particular issues of society (Theoretical perspectives).
The sociological theory expounds on sociological practices and attempts to draw conclusions on data and generalizations made through various descriptions of social facts.
Works Cited
"Theoretical Perspectives". The Sociological Perspective.
