The Periodontal department in the Federal and Guarulhos universities conducted research on the prevalence of human papillomavirus in gingival tissue. During that period, human papillomavirus had been detected in several lesions such as condyloma acuminatum and focal epithelial. It was also suspected that HPV could be the cause of periodontal breakdown. The debris of the virus was the periodontal tissue. This led to the investigation of incidences of HPV-16 in the Brazilian gingival tissue.
Several methods and materials were used to carry out the study. The samples were obtained from 104 participants. There were 56 cases with adverse periodontal condition, twenty-six from those with gingivitis and twenty two without the disease. The samples were mounted in the formalin for a period not exceeding one day and suspended in paraffin. Both exclusion and inclusion criteria were adopted in the study. The total Deoxyribonucleic acid was also obtained, and the presence of the Hpv-16 assessed.
The findings from the study showed that the prevalence of the virus was zero percent. This meant that the tissue did not have any relevance with the virus among the Brazilians. The Human papillomavirus-16 was absent in any of the analyzed samples. Thus, the virus was not linked with the condition in the unaffected individuals.
The high risk genital Human papillomavirus condition prevalence was found to be 14.3 percent. But in other countries such as Nigeria and United States was between 0 and 92.31 percent. This was attributed to the methods used; various condition definitions and differences among the Brazilians. The absence of virus DNA in any sample contradicts the earlier formulation that the gingival tissue provides habituation to them.
In the various tissues such as oral types, it was between 0.6 and 81.1 percent, showing that it was common. It was higher in oral squamous cell carcinoma compared to normal mucosa. It is therefore, a risk factor in some oral carcinogenesis. The study did not confirm the Human papillomavirus-16 in some of the tissues suffering the periodontium condition. The result was attributed to the health status of the study participants and the Human papillomavirus types.
In the control study, Human papillomavirus was missing in the tested specimen, therefore, indicating that the virus was not a factor in the destruction of periodontal. It was associated to conditions such as gingival hyperplasia because the samples were positive. The prevalence of the virus was almost negligible. It was also suspected that infection was linked to the T cells. Also, Human papillomavirus induces the extension of some cells such as the epithelium by trying to avoid the immune response.
The study did not determine whether Human papillomavirus was present on the surface of gingivitis in patients suffering from periodontitis. Additionally, the research investigators did not deduce conclusions that are dependable. Each infection had the capacity to cause the other. There are various explanations showing the association between pathogenesis and Human papillomavirus. Prevalence of HPV in Brazilian community is not zero and cannot be linked with chronic periodontitis or pathogenesis. It is, therefore, imperative that the types of the Human papillomavirus should be investigated. The control study was tedious. However, it provided reliable results. The subject is open for future investigation.
Works cited;
Jakubovics, Nicholas S, and Jr R. J. Palmer. Oral Microbial Ecology: Current Research and New Perspectives. Norfolk, UK: Caister Academic Press, 2013. Print.
