Quantitative research refers to the orderly practical investigation of social aspects through the use of arithmetical, statistical or working out techniques. Usually, the ultimate object of quantitative research is to establish and develop as well as employ arithmetical representations, theories, and suppositions with regard to specific observable facts. The measurement aspect is generally very central in quantitative research methodologies. This is because it helps in establishing a basic correlation between practical study and consequent statistical expression with reference to quantitative associations. Subsequently, quantitative information refers to any facts which are presented in the form of figures such as fractions. This form of data representation is usually pervasive in subjects such as economics, sociology and psychology. As such, it generally entails the collection of numerical information from participants in a bid to answer a particular problem (Hunter, 2008).
Qualitative research on the other hand is basically an analysis, assessment and interpretation of a study with the view of establishing the significance and the existing relationship patterns. Such study does not entail the use of mathematical approaches. However, it is important to note that although there is a distinction between the qualitative and quantitative approaches to scientific research, the two models are closely related and in many cases they are used alongside each other.
With regard to the foregoing, scientific methods usually utilized in quantitative research include but are not limited to gathering of experiential data, invention of hypotheses, advancement of apparatus and techniques for evaluation, analysis of information as well as exploitation and cautious organization of variables. The foregoing methods fundamentally inform the quantitative research.
Accordingly, qualitative approach is a scientific method of research which seeks to answer questions with regard to information relating to values, conduct, opinions and the social perspectives of specific phenomena. As such, just like in the quantitative approaches, it entails the collection of evidence, producing findings which are not pre-determined, systematic use of predefined actions among other approaches which are basically scientific in nature. However, the qualitative methods fundamentally rely on social phenomena as opposed to data that can be interpreted generally. The data that is usually collected in qualitative research takes the form of field notes, transcripts as well as video or audio recordings.
In a research scenario the scientific method can be applied in characterization, carrying out experiments, developing a hypothesis, making predictions from a study hypothesis as well as substantiation of information. Characterization basically relates to making observations and determining the subject of study. In developing hypothesis, scientific methodologies are important in creation of theoretical and developing hypothetical explanations relating to observations and intensity of the theme. Prediction of the outcome of a research study is also made easier through the use of scientific reasoning. Accordingly, I would use the scientific methodology to conduct experiments in relation to the characterization, hypothesis and prediction aspects.
References
Hunter, L. and Leahey, E. (2008). "Collaborative Research in Sociology: Trends and Contributing Factors". The American Sociologist 39:290–306.
