Critical Analysis Paragraph 10
The subject article proposes a modification of Rawlsian Justice Theory to be centered on social and subsistence security. This amendment will, however, narrow the scope of the theory as other elements that are not listed are lost. While security and subsistence justice is critical to a stable society, the input of the people existing in particular society count. It is therefore, imperative that elements and term of the agreement, remain hypothetical as Rawls intended. Listing an item of interest one by one may go to infinity and as the society is made up of different people probably with different expectations and needs. If the objective of coexistence create convenience to each other, the people in the community will instinctively make sense of the right actions to take (Rawls, 19). John Rawls in his book attempts to offer a solution to the problems of distributive injustices. Capitalism has done much for the world by creating classes of people arranged according to their access to capital, technological ingenuity, and other privileges. Although capitalism is responsible for rapid technological advances, it has created inequality among humans. More people remain unemployed as machines take over some jobs as price wars loom. Justice cannot be realized without a critical view of our political system, economic practices and relationship with others as the provided article indicates.
The Article provided also recommends the application of the Rawls Justice theory in both national and international scale. Societies have learned to accept the outcomes of democracy despite the fact that democracy, ignores the opinion of the minority. Rawls theory can create a perfect state if the political system was independent of economic influence and consider the needs of the minority (Rawls, 37). A national scale application of Rawlsian theory as the article proposes is possible, but the contract will have to be among societies and not individuals. Rawls asserts that the social contract is among people living in the same community and interacting in some way (Rawls, 39). A national scale can make the supposed hypothetical agreement impractical as people do not meet. Since technology and resilience of capitalists bring people together, individuals in a certain nation can agree on terms of coexistence and how to agree with each other. Despite the availability of communication technology, applying social contract in global scale is impractical. Societies in the world live separately and the only thing that brings them together in the resilience of the capitalists. If societies do not coexist there will be no need for a social contract and necessary terms of engagement can be created where there is an exchange of materials or resources. Globalization is the creation of profit-oriented businesses that control critical resource and technology (Rawls, 67).
Critical Analysis Paragraph 12
Rawls is clear in his thoughts, everyone in the society cannot have whatever they want. Justice should, therefore, be two-fold; letting people enjoy the liberties that the rest of the citizens are enjoying and where sacrifices are necessary for the general conveniences, resulting inequalities should be arranged so they will be to everyone an advantage. An egalitarian concept emerges from these two principles upon which Rawls thoughts are pegged. The article in consideration ignores the resultant concept and Rawls thoughts. Rawls interrogates the implication of his perception of justice on to social organization. Economic redistribution becomes an essential element in his theory. Without demystification Rawls fails to adduce a political system that is consistent with his justice theory.
The article here provided is proposing a modification to the Rawlsian theory in a classic political and economic environment which don show any consistency with Rawlsian theory. It should be appreciated that environmental degradation is a result of mass production, and mechanization and irresponsible methods of production are the cause of degradation of the environment (Forst, 23). While environmental matters are gaining interest in both the economic and political realms, little is being done since some commercial practices cannot be functional without affecting the environment or using the natural resource. Communistic nations undoubtedly do a better work in managing the environment and preserving social justice, militarization and other activities including production methods still put pressure on the mother nature. Completely changing the approach, thoughts and perceptions to the societies is critical rather than using the old methods that have proven not to work. Implementation of existing treaties (as the article proposes); which recommend cut of carbon emotions will not be sustainable as long as the world remains under the “rule” of capitalists. Treaties are made to convenience to the companies that help sustain political systems. As political regime change, so as the will to implement any treaty. The social contract approach holds that people co-exist in the society with a sense of agreement. The contract for individuals and groups living in the community is hypothetical as it is not clear what would everyone agree to. Rawls view on whether people can exist outside the state society or can make an express or implied agreement to create a particular type of organization is not clear. Rawls, however, identifies a state as a result of a social agreement.
Critical Analysis Paragraph 13
Although Rawls do not propose a political system that is consistent with his approach to social justice, it can be construed that communistic system is capable of offering a conducive environment for the existence of societies that are in a synonymous agreement, express or implied. Societies make their own engagement rule and create engagement protocols of meaningful relationships with outsiders. Endeavors to improve the way in which political and economic systems (democratic capitalistic) deal with matters as the article implies will do much if it can spark governance debate. The fight for equality itself is shrouded with ambiguities and giving women equal opportunities and occasional positive discrimination will not solve any problem pertaining social justice if not done in juxtaposition with socio-political changes. Unlike the article is question approaches, social justice is not confined to individual elements but to the needs and expectation of the people in society.
Technology has surpassed the human scale and companies should reconsider the way they access competitive advantage. Rawls defines the utilitarian arguments as an unjust philosophy that we have held on for long. he argues that the utilitarian doctrine is consistent with the tyranny of the majority; just as a democratic political system. Using the principles of liberty and differential, Rawls construes that a principle that reconciles equality and freedom. Rawls clearly demystifies his concept of social justice to be associational; it is centrally concerned with the members of the certain association. He redefines the modern nation-state a political association that creates a nation. Article provide; “review and modification to the Rawlsian theory” introduce central matters typical to capitalism like environmental degradation and political dynamics. Proposals to modify the theory to social and substantial security will eliminate hypothetical nature of the elements Rawlsian contract.
Work cited
Forst, Rainer. The right to justification: Elements of a constructivist theory of justice. Columbia University Press, 2012.
Rawls, John. A theory of justice. Harvard university press, 2009.
