1) G
2) I
3) K
4) J
5) H
6) B
7) E
8) D
9) F
10) C
11) A
12) Blues text is set to 12-bar blues, with each stanza set to a 12 bar chorus. AAB pattern where first four bars and second four bars have the same line, but a longer concluding line is said in the last bars.
13) Rap removes the notes from the saying of lyrics; instead, they are spoken aloud to the rhythm of the song.
14) Blues inspired songs by having simple 12-bar rhythms with repeated stanzas, a very mellow, conversational singing style with off-beats and slides, and shorter song lengths. Jack White of The White Stripes uses many blues styles in his music, through heavy use of guitar, repeated stanzas and stylized vocals.
15) Stephen Foster is an American composer because a lot of his song subjects have to do with the country itself - "My Old Kentucky Home," "Old Folks at Home," and "Camptown Races" discuss American subjects with charm and happy tunes.
16) 1. Parlor Songs - melodic songs meant to be played in parlors and in public ("Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair")
2. Love Songs - long, slow songs that are usually sung about a girl or romantic interest ("Beautiful Dreamer")
3. Minstrel Songs - happy, spirited songs often sung in blackface ("Camptown Races")
17) Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band offers many different songs that deal with themes of drugs, death, life, etc. The album bookends with the same song (Sgt. Pepper), and many songs lead into the next.
18) The song changes between a slow waltz and a fast rock 4/4 rhythm with an uncertain, always changing tempo.
19) L
20) G
21) A
22) K
23) J
24) I
25) F
26) D
27) B
28) C
29) H
30) E
31) Falsetto uses a high register and is beyond the normal range of singing.
32) Uses a lot of vocal interruptions and hiccups, shouting, and improvisation.
33) Fast playing, use of chords and embellishments, played passionately.
34) Hard consonants, wailing/crying slides in notes.
35) Both styles of song deal with issues of poverty, lack of opportunity, and being disenfranchised.
36) Acoustic guitar, Electric guitar (both lead and rhythm), drums, bass guitar.
37) Popular rock music - Neko Case. She has a very strong, vibratto singing voice, and her music has country elements while keeping aspects of modern pop/indie rock music.
38) Volume - operatic singing is often loud and boisterous, to get people in the back rows to hear what is being sung.
39) Scat singing is a vocal style that uses nonsense words in fast rhythm.
40) Singing is when words or lyrics are sung with a particular note; vocal noise are various screams, shouts and noises emitted by the singer. James Browns "I Feel Good" features a vocal noise with the scream, then singing with "I feel good."
41) With recording technology, listeners could listen to a performance of a specific singer, so people could appreciate individual performances instead of just the song itself.
42) The song changes dynamics often, with crescendos and decrescendos to emphasize quieter and bolder moments in the song. The strings play very fast and staccato to underscore the song. Occasionally, the violins break from the staccato notes to play a minor-key melody to show the drama of the song.
Music portrayal - he sings in both minor and major keys, staying in a low range.
43) Instruments: Piano, muted trumpet. Blues AAB verse forms. Improvisation happens in many of the trumpet fills, after each of Bessie's lines - the trumpet player gets that time to improvise a melody fitting in the key. The long hold of the highest note in each phrase is indicative of the blues singing style. The song's text is about a woman who plans to stay by her man because he is poor, touching on issues of poverty in many blues songs.
44) Sprechstimme is a type of singing where the singer gets close to the pitch while not hitting the note - instead the singing lilts and waves near the note. In Pierrot Lunaire, the singer is not quite hitting a melody, making the song sound disturbing and sad.
45) slow dance-like sectional form. The four-note pattern represents the falling of tears down a face as they 'flow.' A lute accompanies the singer.
