Role of domestic politics on a nation's foreign policy
The foreign policy is a measure set by a nation to govern its international relation due to the emergence of the globalization and multinational trade. Foreign policies are in most cases design or formulated by the head of government through coalitions of both international and domestic groups. The head of the government facilitates the nation’s foreign policy by making decisions in accordance to the power vested in his or her post and the political value of the decision. The political environment compromises the process of facilitating the foreign policy by touching on the personality of the head of government, the rational of the domestic politics hence complicating the entire process.
The domestic of a nation includes lobby groups that have the duty of restricting group of people or organizations, government agencies and all laws. It therefore influences the foreign policy because it entitled to operate within a political environment. It thus implies the domestic politics complicate and facilitate the foreign policies by subjecting the head of state to make decisions depending on the political system and intend to retain his or her political power and improve the existing political coalition. The domestic politics facilitates the process by influencing the head of state to make the decision in order to obtain or achieve the set domestic goals and objectives through the policies. He or she therefore ensures that the foreign policies doesn’t interrupt or interferes with any of the domestic agendas. The other major factor the complicate the foreign policy is the acceptability of the decision of the head of government. That is depending on the political system the decision would receive a diverse response to its implementation.
The differences in mainly authoritarian and democratic governing models
In the democratic governing model the head of the government is bound by the state laws hence cannot manipulate the foreign policies at his or her favor. The decision made by the head of government has to be voted in by at least two third of the senate. It gives the president the powers to make treaties with foreign nation without the approval of the Senate but has to involve the executive. On the other hand the congress is justified to instruct or undertake a commercial operation with other concern states and at the same time can go to war. The president is crowned as the commander in chief and since he or she is the top most power in the government, he or she significantly has full control over the policies despite the fact that he relies on senate consensus. It thus means that in a democratic state the foreign policies are interrupted by the current domestic political system.
In an authoritarian governing model (monarchy) the king holds the top most power in the governing system. It entitles the king all the powers to overall on matters concerning the foreign policies. The prime minister has the power to appoint and dismiss judges. He also has the duty of approving the amendments to make the constitution. Being the commander in chief he or she is entitles the duties to declare for war. The veto power in such a state can be overridden by both national assembly houses through a two third vote against. In this kind of governance the prime minister may decide to use the majority in order to ensure he retains a domestic popularity. It shows that the political system plays a significant role in determining the foreign policies.
