INTERNET ACTIVITY:
Pyramid method was invented in the early 90’s. The pyramid shows ratios or proportions of food that a person was required to take in a day. The pyramid proposes for a high share of green vegetables just like other regional food guides. Hence its similarity but it differs with the other methods because it is a bit confusing. I wouldn’t follow the pyramid because it gives vague ratios to their food percentage it is hard to know if this is followed by everyone. The plate method is much simpler as it has individual assistance rather than blanket advice or direction. It is from your daily diet that a pattern is calculated and you are given your desirable diet. The plate method is also quite easy to understand and implement.
PART ONE:
Good dieting requires the following major principles like control of energy which entails managing the consumption of energy giving foods. The second principle is balance, eat foods that are evenly distibuted in nutritional value of protein, carbohydrates among others. Third principle is of adequacy, eat enough food with sufficient nutrient content and energy requirement for sustainance of daily activities. This does not mean one should overeat hence the fourth principle of moderation. The fifth and final principle is of nutrient density that involves regulating the calorie intake to nutrient intake and is cemented by selecting from a variety of foods in an array of food groups.
Nutrient division is cabohydrates, fats, vitamins, proteins, minerals and salts. The nutrient in oversupply in the diet of karen is fats and cabohydrate as it is over the required DRI (Dietary Reference Intake) the Recommended Dietary Allowance for fats is 20% a meal adding up to about 60% a day yet Karen’s RDA comes to over 100% of the diet. As a method of planning a nutritious diet, Karen may be advised to try using food labels. Food labels are important when selecting foods that are healthy and standardazied foods. The labels assist her in knowing the eaxct content of nutrient they seek to gain from one food over another. Secondly by reading food labels, karen is more aware of her health. Coming from a family with history of cancer and obesuty she will be able to use the labels reflecting how they may affect her predisposition to those diseases. Finally food labels will be important to Karen in maintaining a consistent diet type. From labels she may get several subsitutes of her preffered meals.
Nutrient density is simply means the amount in nutrients you receive from the food you consume in relation to the calories contained in the food. A food that is dense in nutrients is one that has a higher nutritional value as compared to its calorie content. The consumption of two scrambled eggs can be replaced by eating two scrambled egg whites which are of a higher nutritional value but possess similar calorie content. By practicing nutrient density there is an increased amount of value gained from foods than when one eats all the other foods without taking much care of what they are consuming. In a case of low vitamin E if Karen continues to consume 2 pieces of toast of presumably white bread she receives an equivalent of 1/5th of vitamin E giving about 80 calories whereas if she consumes whole bread she gets from 250 to 500 micrograms of vitamin E content. In simple terms the amount of vitamin E in one slice of whole wheat bread is similar to that found to about five slices of white bread.
PART TWO:
Digestion of meatball submarine sandwich. The meatball submarine sandwich is made up of three important nutrients Cabohydrates Proteins and fats. Cabohydrates digestion occurs by hydrolysis to give off simple sugars. In the mouth the food is chewed and mixed with saliva. The teeth break down the food into smaller parts known as a bolus. Saliva contains salivary amylase which catalyse hydrolysis of starch to simpler sugars like maltose and glucose. The bolus moves down by peristalsis to the stomach where gastric juices, trigggered by mental action, are released by gastric glands. They aid in churning food and with the help of stomach wall, make pulp of the food. There is also hydrolic acid that neutralises stomach environment to promote digestion and protenases and peptidases break down proteins. From here the food mves to the small intestines where enzymes like lipase breakdown lipids. Digestion is completed in then completed and arbsoption starts. Villi that are small finger-like projections participate in this. Arbsoption ends in the large intestine.
In times of undernutrition digestion is altered since the digestive enzymes are poorly produced thus the food particles may not be fully broken. Absorption may be inhibited due to the absence of certain nutrients the cells that line the small intestines may be changed. Alcohol destroys the wall of the intestinal tracts thus obstructing nutrients breakdown and absorption. Too much consumption of alcohol leads to liver impairment. The liver is one of the major organs involved in digestion. It produces bile juice which is released into the small intestines to help in the breakdown of fats. When the liver is impaired it leads to accumulation of the fats which are stored in the body increasing the risks of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer.
In conclusion, for Karen to live a healthy life she must first make healthy choices. Unless she is willing to make that change then it is of no importance advising or correcting her.
