[Institution’s Name]
Methods Online Discussions 2
Example 5.2 Grover's Corner DOT;
Objective;
"Discuss the challenges of determining external validity for one of the case examples presented in this chapter [Chapter 5]. What about the research problem might make the results externally valid? AND, what factors might limit the external validity of the findings?
An analysis to determine the challenges of the external validity over the referred case can be observed from the multiple dimensions of extraneous variable that influence the variables of people, setting, time and places for accurate calculation. In particular, the presented case study, exhibit the readings on the measurement of the specific location and number of rider cards in one hand, in comparison to the spot check method to estimate ridership numbers. The internal validity component is marked by the distinction between the two measurements. However, the evaluation of the same settings marks the challenge of external validity in both the cases. That is, in the specific measurement of the variance of ridership number the attainment of the exact figure of ridership on specific location and time is a challenge, since the card includes both the monthly and random purchase. The same can be influenced by an attitude change variation due to some occurrence (terrorism risk, better options etc). Likewise, the challenge of the spot checking method is reliable, as the chances of negligence are high in the measurement of the variable. For example, exemption for old age and young children will hinder the accuracy.
In order, to come up with the most externally valid measurements as the study over the controlled group in terms of time, people, setting and place will be a lot more helpful to conduct a fair analysis. Likewise, the feature of reactivity that is causing effect impacts on different groups can compromise the study, which may limit the external validity of the findings. (It refers to the impact of post treatment measurement after some occurrence/ external events) IMG 95543
Hence, the imposition of experimental control over the variables can support the attainment of a fair analysis to a great extent. (It refers to the monitoring of confounding effects to be controlled with experimental variables) IMG 7960
The experimental control in the illustrated case can be imposed by the asymmetrical control of variables, covering the dimension of confounding effects to secure the authenticity of Key research variable. (IMG 9554)
For example, gun control over the settings or some training to the passengers for organised measurement will be additional support for cultivating externally valid variables.
