Third party intermediaries are persons, teams, and organizations who are involved in the conflict to resolve it. The people are professional conflict resolvers who are hired specially to help the disputing parties to resolveand manage the conflicts. The mediation, fact finder, and binding arbitrator are most active and powerful types of intermediary in the U.S. Mediation are neutral party that plays an important role in handling the conflict. They facilitate others and arrange meetings, set agendas, and develop productive discussion. They process the discussion and move the parties towards win-win agreements and mutual understanding. For example, if any conflicts have risen in the organization due to long working hours. The mediation helps the management and employees to form a solution and remove the conflict.
The arbitrators are themost powerful type of intermediary who listen to the presentation of both parties, review the written and other related material, make a determination about right and wrong and meet the settlement. For example, if a conflict has occurred between two employees due to unethical practices then arbitrator can resolve it after examining the different material.
The fact finders carry out the investigation of circumstances and other information surrounding the dispute. They create the expert report that contains findings of the facts and provide recommendations and suggestions for conflict resolution . There are different organizations in the U.S that play a significant role in conflict resolution including United States Arbitration & Mediation (USA & M), American Bar Association, The American Institute of Mediation (AIM), and others.
A union can use four major tactics to break an impasse including concession, collective bargaining, sabotage, and lockout. The tactics are related to each other and help the management and employees to achieve resolution to the conflict. The collective bargaining is more effective tactics as compared to others. The sabotage and lockout have almost equal contribution in resolving the conflicts. Lockout is temporary work stoppage from management to force the employees for agreement on some conditions. It provides a platform to the disputed parties to meet and negotiate the issues and settle different problems. The tactics provide a good solution and promote communication line between the management and employees .
References
Angelo, D., & Ricky, G. (2013). HR 2. Boston: Cengage Learning.
Muchinsky, P. M. (2006). Psychology Applied to Work: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Boston: Cengage Learning.
