The term fluid intelligence refers to the capacity to think logically and solve problems in unique situations, independent of acquired knowledge (Kalat, 2013). It involves the ability to identify patterns and the relationships that underpin unusual problems and to infer these findings logically. The concepts of fluid intelligence were demonstrated in the intelligence test taken. Examples of items that measured fluid intelligence are:
Which one of the five designs makes the best comparison? (Standardized IQ Test, n.d.)
Which one of the five designs makes the best comparison? (Standardized IQ Test, n.d.)
Crystallized intelligence, on the other hand, is defined as the ability to use learned knowledge and experience. (Cattell, 1987). People with high crystallized intelligence are generally described as book smart. The concepts of crystallized intelligence were also demonstrated in the intelligence test taken. Some of the items that under this domain of intelligence are:
John, twelve years old, is three times as old as his brother. How old will John be when he is twice as old as his brother? (Standardized IQ Test, n.d.)
Brother is to sister as niece is to: (Standardized IQ Test, n.d.)
The price of an article was cut 20% for a sale. By what percent must the discounted item be increased to again sell the article at the original price? (Standardized IQ Test, n.d.)
Intelligence can also be assessed through practical and emotional intelligence test. Practical intelligence is intelligence needed for everyday tasks. It enables individuals to adapt to their environment, modify their environment, or select new environment in the pursuit of personal goals (Sternberg, 1985). On the other hand, emotional intelligence is the ability of individuals to recognize their own emotions as well as those of others, to distinguish different feelings, and to utilize emotional information to direct their thinking and behavior. The test did not measure both the aspect of practical and emotional intelligence.
According to Alfred Binet, intelligence can be measured through tests measuring working memory, quantitative reasoning, fluid reasoning, visual-spatial reasoning, and knowledge. This test captured all these measures of general intelligence. Example of these items and the type of intelligence they measure are:
Quantitative memory item: A fish has a head 9" long. The tail is equal to the size of the head plus one-half the size of the body. The body is the size of the head plus the tail. How long is the fish? (Standardized IQ Test, n.d.)
Fluid intelligence item: Which one of the five designs makes the best comparison? (Standardized IQ Test, n.d.)
Visual-spatial reasoning item: Which one of the five designs makes the best comparison? (Standardized IQ Test, n.d.)
Knowledge test item: Brother is to sister as niece is to:
Working memory test item: "If all Fleeps are Sloops and all Sloops are Loopies, then all Fleeps are definitely Loopies." (Standardized IQ Test, n.d.)
This standardized intelligence test is fair. An instance of fairness is demonstrated in construct validity of the test. That is, the test captures important aspects constituting intelligence e.g. fluid intelligence, crystallized intelligence, working memory, quantitative reasoning, fluid reasoning, and visual-spatial reasoning.
References
Cattell, R. B. (1987). Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action. Elsevier.
Kalat, J. W. (2013). Introduction to Psychology. Cengage Learning.
Standardized IQ test. (n.d.). Advanced Learning Group. Retrieved from http://www.hostedtest.com/TakeTest.asp?c=Sample5
Sternberg, R. J. (1985). Beyond IQ: A Triarchic Theory of Human Intelligence. CUP Archive.
